作文的开头与结尾常用的方法

1、作文的开头与结尾常用的方法Chapter One 文章开头句型1-1 对立法: 先引出其他人的不同看法,然后提出自己的看法或者偏向于某一看法,适用于有争议性的主题.例如(e.g1. When asked about., the vast/overwhelming majority of people saythat . But I think/view a bit differently.2. When it comes to . , some people bielive that . Others argue/claimthat the opposite/reverse is true .

2、 There is probably some truth in both arguements/statements , but (I tend to the profer/latter . 3. Now, it is commonly/generally/widely believed/held/acknowledged that .They claim/ believe/argue that . But I wonder/doubt whether.1-2 现象法引出要剖析的现象或者问题, 然后评论 .e.g1. Recently the rise in problem of/(phen

3、omenon of . has cause/arousedpublic/popular/wide/ worldwide concern.2. Recently the issue of the problem of/the phenomenon of .has beenbrought into focus. ( has been brouth to public attention3.Inflation/Corruption/Social inequality . is yet another of the new and bittertruth we have to learn to fac

4、e now/constantly.- To be continued !1-3 观点法-开门见山,直接了当地提出自己对要讨论的问题的看法.e.g:1. Never history has the change of . been as evident as . Nowhere in theworld/China has the issue/idea of . benn more visible/popular than.2. Now people in growing/significant numbers are beginnig/coming torealize/accept/(be aw

5、are that.3. Now there is a growing awareness/recognation ot the necessity to.Nowpeople become increasingly aware/conscious of the importance of .4. Perhaps it is time to have a fresh look at the attitude/idea that.1-4 引用法- 先引出名人名言或者有代表性的看法, 来引出文章要展开论述的观点!e.g:1. "Knowledge is power." such i

6、s the remark made by Bacon.This remark hasbeen shared by more and more people ."Education is not complete with gradulation." Such is the opnion of a great American philosopher. Now more and more people share his opnion. 2."." How often we hear such statements/words like thoses /t

7、his . In our own days we are used to hearing such traditional complains as this".".1-5 比较法- 通过对过去,现在两种不同的倾向,观点的比较, 引出文章要讨论的观点.e.g:1. For years, .had been viewed as . But people are taking a fresh look now.With the growing . , people . .2. People used to think that . (In the past, . But peo

8、ple now share thisnew.1-6 故事法- 先讲一个较短的故事来引发读者的兴趣, 引出文章的主题.e.g:1. Once in (a newspaper , I read of/learnt . The phenemenon of . hasaroused public concern.2. I have a friend who . Should he . ? Such a dilemma we are oftenconfront with in our daily life.3. Once upon a time , there lived a man who . Thi

9、s story may be(unbelievable , but it still has a realistic significance now.1-8 问题法- 先用讨论或解答的设问, 引出自己观点, 适用于有争议性的话题.e.g:Should/What . ? Options of . vary greatly , some ., others .But in my opinion , . .Chapter 2 文章中间主体内容句型原因结果分析3-1-1. 基本原因- 分析某事物时, 用此句型说明其基本的或者多方面的原因.e.g:1. Why . ? For one thing. F

10、or another .2. The answer to this problem invovles many factors. For one thing. Foranother. Still another .3. A number of factors , both physical and psychological affect . /bothindividual and social contribute to .3-1-2 另一原因-> 在分析了基本原因之后, 再补充一个次要的或者更重要时用!e.g:1. Another important factor is .2. .

11、is also responsible for the change/problem.3. Certainly , the . is not the sole reason for .3-1-3 后果影响- 分析某事物可能造成的后果或者带来的影响 .e.g:1. It will produce a profound/far-reaching effect/impact on.2. In involves some serious consequence for .比较对照句型3-2-1. 两者比较-> 比较两事物, 要说出其一超过另一个, 或肯定一事物的优点, 也肯定其缺点的时候用!e.

12、g:1. The advantages gained from A are much greater than the advantages wegain from B.2. Indeed, A carries much weight when compared with B.3. There is no doubt that it has its negative effects as well as positive effects. 3-2-2 . 两者相同/相似-> 比较两事物共同都有或者共同都没有的特点时用!e.g:1. A and B have several thing i

13、n common. They are similar in that.2. A bears some sriking resemblance(s to B.Chapter Three 文章结尾形式2-1 结论性- 通过对文章前面的讨论,引出或重申文章的中心思想及观点 .e.g:1. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusionthat .2. In summary/In a word , it is more valuable .2-2 后果性- 揭示所讨论的问题若不解决, 将产生的严重后果.e.g:

14、1. We must call for an immediate method , because the current phenomenonof . , if allowed to proceed, will surely lead to the heavy cost of . 2. Obviously , if we ignore/are blind to the problem , there is every chancethat . will be put in danger.2-3 号召性- 呼吁读者行动起来, 采取行动或提请注意.e.g:1. It is time that w

15、e urged an immediate end to the undesirable tendcy of .2. It is essential thar effective measures should be taken to correct thetendency.2-4 建议性- 对所讨论的问题提出建议性的意见, 包括建议和具体的解决问题的方法.e.g:1. While it cannot be solved immediately, still there are ways. The mostpopular is . Another method is . Still anothe

16、r one is .2. Awareness/Recognition of the problem is the first step toward thesituation.2-5 方向性的结尾方式- 其与建议性的唯一差别就是对问题解决提出总的,大体的方向或者指明前景.e.g:1. Many solutions are being offered here , all of them make some sense, but none is adequate enough. The problem should be recognized in a wide way .2. There is no quick method to the issue of ., but . might behelpful/benefical.3. The great challenge today is . There is much difficulty , but . 2-6 意义性的结尾方式-> 文章结尾的时候,从更高的更新的角度指出所讨论的问题的重