《官方版》2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语(全国II卷)解析版

1、2019 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国II 卷）英语注意事项:1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力 （ 共两节，满分30 分 ）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节 （ 共 5 小题；每小题1.5 分，满分7.5 分 ）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A

2、、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例 :How much is the shirt?A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15答案是C。1 .Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a library.B. In a bookstore.C. In a classroom.【答案】B【解析】【详解】此为听力题，解析略。2 .How does the woman feel now?A. Relaxed.B. Excited.C. Tir

3、ed.【答案】C【详解】此为听力题，解析略。3 .How much will the man pay?C. $100.A. $520.B. $80.【答案】B【解析】【详解】此为听力题，解析略。4 .What does the man tell Jane to do?A. Postpone his appointment.B. Meet Mr. Douglas.C. Return at 3o clock.【答案】A【解析】 【详解】此为听力题，解析略。5 .Why would David quit his job?A. To go back to school.B. To start his

4、own firm.C. To work for hisfriend.【答案】C【解析】【详解】此为听力题，解析略。第二节 （ 共 15 小题；每小题1.5 分，满分22.5 分 ）听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、 B、 C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6 . What does the man want the woman to do?A. Check the cupboard.B. Clean the b

5、alcony.C. Buy an umbrella.7 . What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Husband and wife.B. Employer and employee.C. Shop assistant and customer.【答案】6. C 7. A【解析】此为听力题，解析略。【 6 题详解】此为听力题，解析略。【 7 题详解】此为听力题，解析略。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8 . Where did the woman go at the weekend?A. The city centr

6、e.B. The forest park.C. The man s home.9 . How did the man spend his weekend?A. Packing for a move.B. Going out with Jenny.C. Looking for a new house.10 . What will the woman do for the man?A. Take Henry to hospital.B. Stay with his kid.C. Look after his pet.【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C【解析】此为听力题，解析略。【 8 题详解】

7、此为听力题，解析略。【 9 题详解】此为听力题，解析略。【 10 题详解】 此为听力题，解析略。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。11. What is Mr. Stone doing now?A. Eating lunch.B. Having a meeting.C.12. Why does the man want to see Mr. Stone?A. To discuss a program.B. To make a travel plan.C.leave.13. When will the man meet Mr. Stone this afternoon?A. At 3:00.B.

8、 At 3:30.C.【答案】11. B 12. A 13. C【解析】此为听力题，解析略。【 11 题详解】此为听力题，解析略。【 12 题详解】此为听力题，解析略。【 13 题详解】 此为听力题，解析略。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。14. What are the speakers talking about?A. A company.B. An interview.C.15. Who is Monica Stansfield?A. A junior specialist.B. A department manager.C.16. When will the man hear fro

9、m the woman?Writing a diary.To ask for sickAt 3:45.A job offer.A sales assistant.A. On Tuesday.B. On Wednesday.C. On Thursday.【答案】14. C 15. B 16. A【解析】此为听力题，解析略。【 14 题详解】此 听力题，解析略。【 15 题详解】此为听力题，解析略。【 16 题详解】此 听力题，解析略。听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17. What did John enjoy doing in his childhood?C. Painting pictures

10、.A. Touring France.B. Playing outdoors.18. What did John do after he moved to the US?20 题详解】A. He did business.B. He studied biology.C. He worked on afarm.19. Why did John go hunting?C. For money.C. Family life.A. For food.B. For pleasure.20. What is the subject of John s works?A. American birds.B.

11、Natural scenery.【答案】17. C 18. A 19. B 20. A【解析】此为听力题，解析略。【 17 题详解】此为听力题，解析略。【 18 题详解】此为听力题，解析略。【 19 题详解】此为听力题，解析略。此为听力题，解析略。第二部分阅读理解 （ 共两节，满分40 分 ）第一节 （ 共 15 小题；每小题2 分，满分30分 ）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、R C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AMy Favourite BooksJo Usmar is a writer for Cosmopolitan and co-author of the This Book Will

12、 series（ 系列 ）of lifestyle books. Here she picks her top reads.MatildaRoald DahlI once wrote a paper on the influence of fairy tales on Roald Dahl's writing and it gave me a new appreciation for his strange and delightful words. Matilda's battles with her cruel me parents and the bossy headmi

13、sres， Miss Trunchbull ， are equally fumy and frightening ， but they're also aspirational.After DarkHaruki MurakamiIt s about two sist-eErrsi ， a model who either won t or can t ，stoapnsdleMeapriin,ga young student . In trying to connect to her sister. Mari starts changing her life and discovers

14、a world of diverse ” night people ” who are hiding secrets.Gone GirlGillian FynnThere was a bit of me that didn't want to love this when everyone else on the planet did but the horror story is brilliant. There's tension and anxiety from the beginning as Nick and Amy battle for your trust. It

15、's a real whodunit and the frustration when you realise what's going on is horribly enjoyableThe StandStephen KingThis is an excellent fantasy novel from one of the best storytellers around. After a serious flu outbreak wipes out 99.4% of the world's population, a battle unfolds between

16、good and evil amongthose let. Randall Flagg is one of the scariest characters ever.21. Who does "I" refer to in the text?B. Gillian Flynn.D. Roald DahlB. Matilda .D. The Stand.A. Stephen King.C. Jo Usmar.22. Which of the following tells about Mari and Eri?A. Cosmopolitan .C. After Dark .23

17、. What kind of book is G one Girl ?)A. A folk tale.B. A biography.C. A love story.D. A horror story.【答案】21. C 22. C 23. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了作家Jo Usmar最喜欢的书籍。【 21 题详解】细节理解题。由Matilda 中的“ I once wrote a paper on the influence of fairy tales on RoaldDahl s writing and it gave me a new appreciation for his

18、 strange and delightful words ”可知，我曾经写过一篇关于童话故事对罗尔德达尔写作有影响的论文，这篇论文让我对他奇怪而有趣的文字有了新的认识。所以Jo Usmar在介绍Matilda这本书，用第一人称“ I” 口吻来说明自己曾经写过一篇关于童话故事对罗尔德达尔写作有影响的论文。所以“I”指的是JoUsmar。故C选项正确。【 22 题详解】细节理解题。由After Dark 中的“ It s about two sister-Eri,a model who either won t or can tstop sleeping, and Mari,a young st

19、udent ”可知，故事讲的是两个姐妹 -Eri 是一个突然一觉不醒的模特。玛丽， 是一个充满青春活力的学生。所以 After Dark 中讲述了Eri 和 Mari 的故事。故 C 选项正确。【 23 题详解】细节理解题。由Gone Girl 中的“ but the horror story is brilliant ”可知，但是这个恐怖的故事很精彩。所以Gone Girl 讲述的是一个恐怖故事。故D 选项正确。B“You can use me as a last reso选择）,and if nobody else volunteers , then I will do it."

20、 Thiswas an actual reply from a parent after I put out a request for volunteers for my kids lacrosse（ 长曲 棍球 ）club.I guess that there's probably some demanding work schedule, or social anxiety around steppingup to help for an unknown sport. She may just need a little persuading. So I try again an

21、d tug at theheartstrings. I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dadcoaching a team that his kids aren' t even on At this point the unwilling parent speaksup,“ Alright. Yes, I ”ll do it.I m secretly relieved because I know therer in shsarrienagl vpooluwn

22、eteer responsibilitiesamong many. The unwilling parent organizes the meal schedule, sends out emails, and collectsmoney for end-of-season gifts. Somewhere along the way, the same parent ends up becoming aninvaluable member of the team. The coach is able to focus on the kids while the other parents a

23、rerelieved to be off the hook for another season. Handing out sliced oranges to bloodthirsty kids can be as exciting as watching your own kid score a goal.Still, most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close. That reliefis coupled with a deep understanding of why th

24、e same people keep coming back for more: Connecting to the community（ 社区 ）as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. Volunteering just feels so good.In that sense, I m pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than I d freely likHowever, if others benefit i

25、n the process, and I get some reward too, does it really matter where my motivation lies?24. What can we infer about the parent from her reply in paragraph l ？A. She knows little about the club.B. She isn't good at sports.C. She just doesn't want to volunteer.D. She's unable to meet her

26、schedule.25. What does the underlined phrase“ tug at the heartstrings” in paragraph 2 mean ?A. Encourage team work.B. Appeal to feeling.C. Promote good deeds.D. Provide advice.26. What can we learn about the parent from paragraph 3?A. She gets interested in lacrosse.B. She is proud of her kids.C. Sh

27、el l work for another season.D. She becomes a good helper.27. Why does the author like doing volunteer work?A. It gives her a sense of duty.B. It makes her very happy.C. It enables her to work hard.D. It brings her material rewards.【答案】24. C 25. B 26. D 27. B【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文中讲述了作者成功说服了一个家长参加志愿者团队，作为

28、一名志愿者作者发挥了自己的作用，并获得了快乐。【 24 题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的 You can use me as a last resort（选择）,and if nobody elsevolunteers， then I will do it. 可知，你可以当我是最后的候选人，如果没有其他的志愿者，那么我就做。由此可推断出，她不想做自愿者。故选C。【 25 题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线前句she may just need a little persuading. 和下面的一句话I mention thesingle parent with four kids runnin

29、g the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kidsaren't even on .可知，作者为了劝服这位家长，举了两个例子。故可知， 划线句此处应是“煽情”之意。故选B。【 26 题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中这位家长作出的贡献及the same parent ends up becoming aninvaluable member of the team 可知，她最终成为了志愿者队伍中的重要的一员，也即是说，她成了一个好帮手。故选D。【 27 题详解】细节理解题。题干问作者为什么喜欢做志愿者工作。根据第

30、四最两句Connecting to thecommunity (社区) as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy.Volunteering just feels so good.可知，为社区做贡献可以带来真正的快乐，参加志愿者活动活动能让人感觉快乐。故选B。CMarian Bechtel sits at West Palm Beach s Bar Louie counter by herself, quietly reading here-book as she waits for

31、her salad. What is she reading? None of your business! Lunch is Bechtel s “ me” time. And like more Americans, she s not alone.A new report found 46 percent of meals are eaten alone in America. More than half(53percent)have breakfast alone and nearly half(46 percent)have lunch by themselves. Only at

32、 dinnertime are we eating together anymore ， 74 percent， according to statistics from the report.“ I prefer to go out and be out. Alone， but together， you know？” Bechtel said， looking up from her book. Bechtel ， who works in downtown West Palm Beach ， has lunch with coworkers sometimes， but like man

33、y of us ， too often works through lunch at her desk. A lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on the shoulder. She returns to work feeling energized.“ Toda， y I just wanted some time to myself ， ” she said.Just two seats over， Andrew Mazoleny ， a local videographer， is finishing

34、 his lunch at the bar.He likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper with whom he's on a first-name basis if he wants to have a little interaction( 交流 ). “ I reflect on how mdyay's gone and think about the rest of the week,” he said. “ I-tr'esflaecthioann,

35、cYeofourrseetulfrn to workrecharged and with a plan. ”That freedom to choose is one reason more people like to eat alone. There was a time when people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one ， but those days are over. Now， we have our smartphones to keep us company at the table.“ It d

36、oesn't feel as alone as it may have beforeal the advances in technology,” said Lau， riewDhoesmeecriot mpany provided the statistics for thereport.28. What are the statistics in paragraph 2 about?A. Food varietyB. Eating habits.C. Table manners.D. Restaurant service.29. Why does Bechtel prefer to

37、 go out for lunch?A. To meet with her coworkers.B. To catch up with her work.C. To have some time on her own.D. To collect data for her report.30. What do we know about Mazoleny?A. He makes videos for the bar.B. He s fond of the food at the bar.C. He interviews customers at the bar.D. He s familiar

38、with the barkeeper.31. What is the text mainly about?A. The trend of having meals alone.B. The importance of self-reflection.C. The stress from working overtime.D. The advantage of wireless technology.【答案】28. B 29. C 30. D 31. A【解析】【 28 题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段可知，在美国， 约有 46%的人们独自用餐，53%的人们独自吃早餐，46%的人们独自吃午餐，只有

39、74%的人们晚餐不是独自享用，故可知本段的数据是关于用餐习惯，故选B 。【 29 题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段A lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on theshoulder. Today, I just wanted some time to myself.可知，Bechtel 一个人吃午饭可以让她逃离老板的关注，给自己留一些自由时间，故选C。【 30 题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段he likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat

40、 up thebarkeeper with whom he s on a first-name basis if he wants to have a little interaction. 可知Mazoleny 喜欢这样的气氛，因为可以坐在那里，查看手机信息，或者想聊天了，可以直呼吧台服务员名字和他聊天，故可知，他与服务员很熟悉，可以直呼对方名字，故选D。【 31 题详解】 主旨大意题。本文通过一份调查结果显示，很大比例的人选择独自用餐，原因很多，比如逃离工作氛围，或者反思自己，但是独自用餐正慢慢成为一种趋势，故选A。DBacteria are an annoying problem for

41、 astronauts. The microorganisms（ 微生物 ） from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station, so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week. How is NASA overcoming this very tiny big problem? It s turningbunch of high school kids. But not just any kids. It dependi

42、ng on NASA HUNCH high school class, like the one science teachers Gene Gordon and Donna Himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in Fairport, New York.HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers. For the past two years, Gordon s students have been studying ways to kill bac

43、teria in zero gravity, and they think they' re close to a solution决方案）."We don ' t give the students any breaks. They have to do itjust like NASA engineers, ” says Florence Gold, a project manager.“ There are no tests, ” Gordon says. “ There is no graded homework. There almost are no gr

44、ades, other than Are you working towards your goal? Basically, it I sve got to produce this product and then, at the end of year, present it to NASA. Engineers come and really do an in-person review, and it ' s not a very nice thing at time. It' s ewhard/buisiness reviproduct. ”Gordon says t

45、he HUNCH program has an impact（ 影响 ） on college admissions and practicallife skills. “ These kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back. I don t tannoying bacteria? Gordon says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem, readying a workable solution to test

46、 in space.32. What do we know about the bacteria in the International Space Station?A. They are hard to get rid of.B. They lead to air pollution.C. They appear different forms.D. They damage the instruments.33. What is the purpose of the HUNCH program?A. To strengthen teacher-student relationships.B

47、. To sharpen studentscommunicationHUNCH program 的目的把空间skills.D. To link space technology with schoolC. To allow students to experience zero cation34. What do the NASA engineers do for the students in the program?A. Check their product.B. Guide project designsC. Adjust work schedules.D. Gr

48、ade their homework.35. What is the best title for the text?A. NASA: The Home of Astronauts.B. Space: The Final Homework Frontier.C. Nature: An Outdoor Classroom.D. HUNCH:A College Admission Reform.32. A 33. D 34. A 35. B【解析】本文为说明文。本文介绍了HUNCH 项目就是通过Gordon 的学生找到如何杀死空间站的细 菌这一技术，把空间技术与带进课堂，与学校教育相结合，从而最终

49、影响到大学入学。32 题详解】 细 节 理 解 题 。 根 据 第 一 段 中 的 “ Bacteria are annoying problem for astronauts. The microorganisms form our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station, so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week. ”可知，细菌对宇航员来说是个令人讨宇航员每周要厌的问题。这种来自我们身体的微生物在国际空间站的表面不受控制

50、地生长，花几个小时来清理它们。也就是说它们很难去掉。其中的“33 题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的NASA engineers.可知， Hunch 旨在把高中教室和在零重力下杀死细菌engineers about t杀死空间站的细菌这一空间技术）这个问题。由此可推断出很难去掉。其中的“合题意。“bacteria"。由the microorganisms”包括HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms withtudents have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gr

51、avity,. ”NASA 的工程师联系起来。Gordon 的学生一直在研究如何Gordon students are emailing daily with NASANASA 的工程师发邮件一起探讨（如何k个问题。由此可推断出技术与学校教育相结合。分析选项可知D项符合题意。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的" I' ve got to produce this product and then, at the end of the year ,present it to NASA, ” " Engineers come and really do an in

52、-person review, and It' s not a very nice thing at times. It ' s a hard business review of your product.“可知， NASA 的工程师要 检查学生所做的产品。分析选项可知A项符合题意，故选 Ao【35题详解】主旨大意题。本文介绍了 HUNCH项目把如何杀死空间站的细菌这一空间技术引入Gordon学校的课堂，从而最终影响了大学入学。 尤其是最后一段“ HUNCH program has an impact on college admissions and practical l

53、ife skills.”可知，本题的最佳答案为 D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两 项为多余选项。Imagine a child standing on a diving board four feet high and asking himself thequestion: " Should I jump? This is what motivation or the lack of it can do. Motivation and goal setting are the two sides of

54、same coin. 36 Like the child on the diving board, you will stay undecided.37 More than that, how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal? First, you need to evaluate yourself , your values your strengths, your weaknesses, your achievements, your desires ,etc. Only then should your you ' re

55、 your goalsYou also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation. This is quite important, because it is directly related to your commitment. There are times when your heart is not in your work. 38 So, slow down and think what you really want to do at that moment. Clarity（ 清 晰）of thoughts

56、can help you move forward.Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths. Remember that goals are flexible.39 They also need to be measurable. You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals.Your personal circumstances are equally important. For example, you may want to be a Pilot but can ' t become one because your eyesight is not gonough. 40 You should reassess your goals, and motivate yourself to set a fresh goal.You will surely