中考英语完形填空解题技巧讲解

1、中考英语完形填空解题技巧讲解一、考情考项分析“完形填空”旨在考查学生语法和词汇知识综合运用能力。其中涵盖词语搭配、近义词辨析、 动词时态、句型结构、复合句的关联和习惯用法，又考查逻辑推理和事理推断能力。近几年中考的完形填空仍是选择题型。体裁上有记叙文、议论文、说明文。题材上以思想、文化、商业、生活为主，同时涉及其他话题。设空主要考察动词、名词、形容词、副词。其他偶尔有代词、连词、介词短语。二、完形填空要求填入的词归类1语法结构所要求的功能词。如：连接词、连接代词、连接副词、关系代词、关系副词等。2具有语法变化的普通词。如：动词的时态、语态、语气，名词的数，代词的格，形容词和副词的等级等。3固定

2、搭配短语或词组中的特定词。4同义词、近义词等易混淆词。5根据上下文意思及结构必须填入的确定词。三、“完形填空”题解题策略1. 浏览快速浏览, 了解大意（ 跳过空格，不要看选项）（约两分钟）。快速阅读一下全文，领会大意，正确分析、归纳文章主旨。2. 试填瞻前顾后，先易后难，各个击破（约八分钟）。先易后难，逐层深入。在理解文章大意基础上，对每道题所给的词语进行剖析，考虑语境， 上下呼应，运用逻辑思维进行推理，再根据自己最有把握的、最熟悉的短语、习惯用语、动词形式和句子结构等，先完成简单的，把难的留在后面。（注意不会的题要做标记）。3. 攻难再细读全文，集中精力解决难点，填补空缺。（约两分钟）4.

3、检查复读全文，确保语意连贯，用词准确（约两分钟）。试填后，再耐心通读全文，认真复查所选答案是否得当，语法是否正确，逻辑推理是否 合理。四、完形填空解题技巧技巧1、充分利用文章中有提示作用的词。这是完型填空解题时最常用的方法之一。这些词可以是原词复现、同义词、近义词或反义词，也可以是并列连词或转折连词等等。试看以下例题：原词复现：例 1 One day, he was walking in his garden when he saw a strange 16 with beautiful features（特征）and sweet voice in a tree. Chulong 17 wen

4、t near the tree and caught the bird,A. catB. birdC. pandaD. monkey反义词：例 2 Many people think that listening is a passive business. It is just the 51 one. Listening well is an active exercise of our attention and hard work.A. positiveB. oppositeC. sameD. wrong近义词例 3I remember as a child I said somethi

5、ng about somebody and my father said “ Anytime you say somethingnpleasant about somebody else, it s a reflection of you.A. unkindB. unnecessaryC. unimportantD. unusual转折词例 4My main responsibilities were clearing tables,sometimes I helped cook.A. orB. soC. butD. even解析：答案B.本题中前面说我的主要职责是.，后面应该填写和 main

6、有转折意思的词，但是有时候也做饭。Keys:例 1 : B 例 2： :B例 3: A 例 4： :C技巧2、词语之间的习惯搭配，或固定搭配。习惯用法是英语中某种固定的结构形态，即所谓的习语”，不能随意改动。所以，考生第#页共20页平时应掌握好习惯用法和固定短语并记忆。 例1 They couldn t read or write. They didn t like to work and they _n_ev_e_rbaths.A. tookB. washedC. ranD. covered解析：答案A.本题考查的是固定搭配take a bath,意为 洗澡”。例2This seemed t

7、o frightened him, and he the money and gave it to me.A. used up B. took outC. put downD. gave away解析：答案B.本题考查的是固定搭配take out,意为拿出(钱)。 use up思是用光，put down放下，give away思为 分发、泄露、失去”。 例 3 A month after he was born ， his mother noticed that his eyes werent as as anormal babys.A bigB biggerC biggestD the bi

8、ggest解析：考查形容词的等级及用法。此处是“as adj./adv.+as结构，表示 和一样”，其中adj.和adv.都用原级。故 A项正确。技巧3、结合常识，明辨真伪。结合各类生活常识和科学常识，选择出正确且符合逻辑的选择。对于这类题，考生平时要做生活中的有心人，留心各种社会现象，积累丰富的生活知识。例1 But we ranso much that， afterwards， we had trouble.A. speaking B. movingC. sleepingD. breathing解析：根据常识，跑步太快时，人们会呼吸很困难，所以答案是(D)。例2 A major Frenc

9、h newspaper mistook his brother for him and carried an articlethe death of Alfred Nobel.A. introducing B. announcingC. implyingD. advertising.解析： 由常识可知，报社应该是(透露；宣布)消息，故用 announce(give information about) ，所以答案为B.选项中四个词性一致、意义相近的词是完型填空命题时常用的手段之一。词义辨析法考查的面广，该内容也是英语学习中的一个难点；要做到准确选择，必须在一定的语境或句子中理解，这一方法是我们

10、必须要掌握的。词义辨析法包括各种词性的考查，如名词、介词、代词、动词、形容词等。例1 A Japanese manager once said he himself and his workers would all stand while theywere having meetings. Do you what he means?A. thinkB. guessC. knowD. understand解析： C 本段讲述了一个日本经理和他的员工在开会时将都站着。本题问的是你知道 他说话的含义吗。例2 In England, people don t like_1_ very much. Y

11、ou can go on a bus, _2_ on atrain, and people just sit looking_3_ the windows. Often they read. They read books and newspapers. But they don t talk 1.A. laughingB. going outC. talkingD. playing2.A. orB. andC. eitherD. but3.A. fromB. throughC. atD. out ofKeys:1. C 2.A3.D技巧5、根据作者的观点、态度推断。推断类题在完形填空中是最常

12、见的，考生首先要弄清楚主人公身份，所处环境等，进而理解语境，体悟作者的观点、态度来确定选项。例1 Life is very ,so donrush to t make decisions. Life doesn t let you plan.A. hardB. busyC. shortD. long解析：答案 D.本题中说不要着急做决定，体悟作者表达的意思是：生命很长，不要着 急.。例2 He told his dad that Kate was scratching （ 划损） the newly bought car with a nail.Mr Smith ran outside and

13、 became very as soon as he saw it.A. happyB. angryC. braveD. relaxed解析：答案B.本题中Kate划坏了车，所以故事的主人公应该很生气。第 # 页 共 20 页例 3 There was only one way to make money, and that was to it. He would have tofind a job.A. borrowB. earnC. raiseD. save例 4 On my first day at school , the other kids made fun of me becau

14、se of my hearing aid and the way I talked. I was hurt deeply and I saw myself as a(n)kid.A. uglyB. smartC. handsome解析：由关键词 made fun of me和“I was hurt deeply可知， 我“把我自己看成一个 丑 陋”的孩子。故A项正确。技巧6、仔细分析长难句。找出句子主干，主从句，定语状语等。例 1The children born in the village and left hopeless for lack of access to educationo

15、ur sympathy.A. needsB. hadC. makeD. deserve解析：虽然本句子的成分较少，结构较清晰，但要注意的是后置定语部分很长，划分时容易出错。The children born in the village and left hopeless for lack of access to education主语后置定语 our sympathy.谓语宾语翻译：那些出生在偏远山村、由于没有上学的机会而绝望的孩子们值得我们同情。本句缺少谓语，根据句意，应该填 deserve. 例 2 Evidence provided by the school has proved

16、that John was a good student whose gradesand attendance as he became addicted to playing video games.A. increased B. raisedC. fellD. fallen解析：本句evidence作主语，provided by the school作主语的后置定语，has proved作谓语，后接that引导的宾语从句。从句中John是主语，was是谓语，a good student是表语，而表语student后接由 whose引导的定语从句。定语从句中 grades and atten

17、dance作主语，fell 作从句的谓语，后接由 as引导的原因状语从句。Evidence provided by the school has proved that John was a good student主语后置定语谓语宾语从句whose grades and attendance as he became addicted to playing video games.定语从句（从句谓语）状语从句翻译：学校提供的证据证明约翰曾是一个好学生，但是当他沉迷于电子游戏之后，他的成绩和出勤率就一落千丈了。技巧7、做完后一定要检查全文，仔细推敲。填完空格后，把答案放回短文的空格处，将弥补完

18、整的全文从头至尾读一遍，以 确保上下文的顺畅合理。有些答案局部看来很合理，有些觉得语感搭配很顺口，但是 注意从上下文的语言联系来看又充满了矛盾，这时候应该做到局部服从整体，对所选 的答案进行及时的修改。填完所有的空格以后，对于短文的含义和结构，已经有了比 较清晰的了解，这时候在校对的过程当中，对于一些难以作出最后抉择的这种空格往 往比较容易选出正确答案。五、专题精讲Brittany Amano wants to make sure every child in the US has enough to eat.Brittany Amano, now 18, knew how it felt t

19、o go hungry. Her mother tried to find a 1_ inHonolulu, Hawaii to support the family. Her grandmother helped out as much as she could. But the family 2_ had to depend on a local food bank to live on, and for that she was 3_.When they lost their home, Amano s family had to live in a friend（地下室）.s base

20、ment could feel how hunger and homelessness_4 my family. Amano told a reporter from TFK.“The experience made me want to give 5 to others in the same situation.”In fourth grade, she and some of her friends started a good project. They _6$ 700 and collected 800 pounds of food. _7 twelve, Amano set up

21、the un profit （非营禾 U 的） groupHawaii s Future Isn t Hungry. She hoped to raise $ 10,800 he finished high school. She ended up raising more than $ 500,000 in four years.With the 9_ collected, the nonprofit group, now called The Future Isn Htungry, canoffer fresh fruits, vegetables, and other 10_ foods

22、 to school kids on Fridays. This is to makesure that the kids and 11 families have enough food to get them 12 the weekend.So far, the effort has helped more than 750,000 people.In the fall of this year, Amano will _13_ Duck University, in North Carolina on a full scholarship. After that, she plans t

23、o return to 14 _ the city that gave her so much.It doesnmatter if you help one million people 15_ just one person, “ she says. The smallest action canmake a huge difference. ”1. A. jobB. clubC. houseD. school2. A. yetB. stillC. justD. never3. A. carefulB. helpfulC. hopefulD. thankful4. A. satisfiedB

24、. influencedC. developedD. managed5. A. hopeB. choiceC. surpriseD. pleasure6. A. paidB. savedC. raisedD. borrowed7. A. ByB. AtC. UntilD. Below8. A. ifB. sinceC. whenD. because9. A. foodB. clothesC. booksD. money10. A. sweetB. healthyC.cheapD. delicious第7页共20页11. A. hisB. herC. theirD. our12. A. into

25、B. acrossC. alongD. through13. A. enterB. visitC. dropD. leave14. A. set offB. clubC. give backD. come up15. A. orB. asC. butD. andKeys： 1-5 ABDBA 5-10 CBCDB 10-15CDACA【考查内容】完型填空，考查英语中各语法知识点【解题思路】1 . 【试题解析】考查名词辨析，妈妈在夏威夷的火奴鲁鲁找到了一份工作来支撑家庭，所以选 A。2 . 【试题解析】考查副词辨析，yet 意为“还，但是，已经”， still 意为“仍然，更，静止地” ， ju

26、st 意为 “只是， 仅仅； 刚刚， 刚才” ， never 意为 “从未， 决不” ， 妈妈找了份工作， 奶奶也尽自己所能地帮忙，但是这个家仍然不得不依靠食物银行为生。所以选B。3 .【试题解析】考查形容词辨析，careful 意为“仔细的”， helpful 意为“有益的，愿意帮忙的” ， hopeful 意为“有希望的， thankful 意为“感恩的”，得到天野小姐食物银行的帮助，所以对于它，天野小姐是感恩的。4 .【试题解析】考查动词辨析，satisfy意为“使满意“ ，influence意为“影响”，develop意为发展，manage意为管理”。饥饿和无家可归是一种不好的感觉，在

27、这里选 “ influence 影响”显然更好一些。5 . 【试题解析】考查名词辨析，联系上下文，天野在生活窘困的时候得到了帮助，心怀感恩的她也想给别人，那些跟她一样处境的人，带来希望，所以选A。6 .【试题解析】考查动词辨析，pay意为“支付，save意为“节约，节省 ，raise意为“筹集”， borrow 意为“借”。在这里，那些钱和食物是天野和她的同学筹集所得，所以选 C。7. 【试题解析】考查介词，at twelve在某人12岁的时候，at后面跟数字，可表示在某人几岁时。8 .【试题解析】考查连词，if意为“如果，since意为“从起” when意为“当 时”，because意为“因

28、为”，当她结束高中的时候，她筹集了100000美元，所以选C。9 .【试题解析】考查名词，联系上下文，上文中大篇幅地描写了她所筹到的钱，而后 面的食物也是要钱买的，所以这里选“ money”。10 .【试题解析】考查形容词，上文提到的新鲜的瓜果蔬菜的共同特点是健康的，在列举时，后面的食物应该符合这个共同特点，所以选 Bo11 .【试题解析】考查形容词性物主代词，那些得到帮助的家庭是孩子们的家庭，所以 选Co12 .【试题解析】 考查介词辨析，through the weekend是“持续到周末”的意思，选D。13 .【试题解析】考查动词辨析，联系上下文可知，天野结束了她的高中，要去上杜克 大学

29、了，所以选 A,意为“进入”。14 .【试题解析】 考查动词短语，set off意为出发动身，get down意为“下来；吞下； 使沮丧”，give back意为“归还；回馈；恢复“ ，come up意为“走进；发生；开始；上升； 发芽；被提出，天野计划回到火奴鲁鲁是为了回馈那个给了她很多的城市，所以选Co15 .【试题解析】考查连词，你帮一百万个人或只帮了一个人都没有关系，一个小小的行动就能产生巨大的不同， 只有or有选择意义，所以选A, as是“因为；当时；依照” 的意思。(2)Think before we speak!It was a sunny and enjoyable day .

30、 Everyone in the 1 station was waiting for the train to arrive . Among the crowd , there was a group of young friends who were on board for vacation .It was a 2 station with a lot of people and some juice shops , coffee and tea stalls , newspaper shops, etc. The train was arriving and everyone prepa

31、red to 3 the train to their seats.The group of friends made loud noise to 4 the train as it moved into the station . They ran to get their seats 5 anyone entered the train.The empty seats were 6 and the train whistled（鸣笛声）to move . An old man with ayoung boy aged around 15 had their seats just next

32、to the friends group. The young boy was so7 to see everything . He cheered, “ Dad the train is moving and the things are movingbackward.”His father 8 and nodded his head.As the train started moving fast , the young boy again screamed （尖叫）,Dadthe 9 are green in color and run backward very fast . Hisa

33、ther said, Yes dear, and smiledJust like a kid , he was watching everything with great 10.A fruit seller passed selling apples , bananas and oranges The young boy asked his dad , I want to eat 11. His father bought some for him . He said,“ Oh this apple looks a lotsweeter than it tastes. I love this

34、 color .”The group was watching all the 12 of this boy and asked the boysIsaybur sonhaving any problem ? Why is he behaving so 13?”“His son is mad I think , a friend from the group made fun of him and shouted .The father of the young boy , with patience ,14 the friends group, “ My son was born15. On

35、ly a few days ago he was operated . He is seeing different things in his life for the first time .”The young friends became very quiet .1. A. railwayB. busC. policeD. television2. A. darkB. silentC. busyD. lonely3. A. get offB. get downC. get outD. get into4. A. breakB. welcomeC. pushD. leave5. A. a

36、fterB. untilC. beforeD. as6. A. washedB. movedC. filledD. carried7. A. surprisedB. afraidC. sorryD. proud8. A. shoutedB. smiledC. criedD. refused第9页共20页9. A. skiesB.treesC.riversD.houses10.A. interestB.doubtC.courageD.sadness11.A. applesB.bananasC.orangesD.strawberries12.A. fruitsB.wordsC.clothesD.a

37、ctivities13.A. happilyB. differentlyC. quietlyD. quickly14.A. quarreled withB.waited forC. replied toD. pointed at15.A. normalB.deafC.madD.blind 答案及解析1. A.【试题解析】 考查名词的用法.根据Everyone in the- station was waiting for thetrain to arrive ,可知，在这里 train指的是火车，相对应的这里应该是在火车站上，火车站 的英语说法是railway station 故选 A2. C

38、.【试题解析】考查形容词的用法.根据It was a-station with a lot of people andsome juice shops, coffee and tea stalls , newspaper shops, etc. 可知这里 a lot of people 指的 是人非常多，所以说这是一个繁忙的车站busy 繁忙的故选C3. D 【 试题解析】考查动词短语的用法根据 The train was arriving and everyone preparedto-the train to their seats.可知火车就要来了，每个人都在准备进入火车到他们的座位 上

39、 get into 进入，故选D4. B.【试题解析】 考查动词的用法.根据The group of friends made loud noise to -thetrain as it moved into the station 可知当火车驶进车站的时候，这一群朋友发出很大的欢呼来 欢迎火车的到来welcome 欢迎故选B5. C.【试题解析】考查连词的用法.根据 They ran to get their seats- anyone entered the train .可知这里应该说的是在任何人进入火车之前，他们跑着去找座位，等到人都进来 了就没有座位坐了before 在某某之前故选C

40、6. C.【试题解析】 考查动词的用法.根据The empty seats were- and the train whistled（鸣笛声）to move,可知火车鸣笛离开的时候火车上坐满了人.filled坐满了.故选 C.7. A. 【试题解析】考查形容词的用法根据 He cheered， “ Da，d the train is moving andthe things are moving backward ， 可知这个小男孩看到火车在移动的时候，其它的东西都在向后移动感到很惊讶surprised 吃惊的故选A8. B.【试题解析】考查动词的用法.根据 His father- and n

41、odded his head .可知当 第 11 页 共 20 页他爸爸听到这个小男孩这么说的时候脸上面带微笑的点了点头.smiled微笑，故选B.9. B.【试题解析】 考查名词的用法. 根据 Dad, the are green in color and run backward very fast.可知在这里在铁路旁边而且颜色是绿色的东西应该是树.trees树.故选B.10. A.【试题解析】 考查名词的用法. 根据 Just like a kid , he was watching everything with great.可知像一个孩子一样，他对看到的东西都充满了兴趣.intere

42、st兴趣.故选A.11. A.【试题解析】考查名词的用法. 根据 Oh,this apple looks a lot sweeter than it tastes . I love this color .可知这里谈论的是苹果.apples苹果.故选 A.12. D.【试题解析】考查名词的用法.根据The group was watching all the - of this boy, 可知在这里应该是这群人看着这个小男孩的一举一动感到很不可思议.activities活动.故选D.13. B.【试题解析】考查副词的用法.根据Is your son having any problem ,可知

43、这群人认为这个小男孩有什么问题，因为他的一举一动与众不同，differently ,故选B.14. D.【试题解析】考查动词短语的用法. 根据The father of the young boy , with patience , -the friends group,在这里with patience的意思是有耐心的， 而且后面有他说的话， 所以 应该是回答这群人的问题. replied to回答.故选C.15. D.【试题解析】考查形容词的用法.根据Only a few days ago he was operated . Heis seeing different things in h

44、is life for the first time .”可知几天之前他刚刚作了手术，在他生 命中这是他第一次看到不同的事物，言外之意以前看不到任何东西，所以他天生是个盲 人.blind.瞎的.故选D.【考点】本题考查的是一篇记叙文类完型填空.首先要通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，词型，词的搭配，并注意上下连贯，合乎逻 辑.结合排除法逐一选出答案.最后再通读全文，查缺补漏，完成校正.One night, a little swallow flew over the city. He was very 1 and wanted to have a good

45、sleep in the city. When he saw the Statue of the Happy Prince （ 王子）,he flew down and got ready to sleep 2 the feet of the Happy Prince.Just as he was putting his head under his wing, some 3 fell on him. He thought it was raining. But when he looked 4_be found the sky was 5 clear and bright that he c

46、ould see lots of stars. Suddenly, he saw some tears were running down the Prince_6_ s golden7_are you crying?” asked the swallow.第12页共20页“In a little street, there s a poor house. From one of the windows, I see 8 womantable. She s sewing clothes for women to wear. In a bed in the corner of the room,

47、 her little boy is sick. He s asking for oranges, but his mother has only water to give him, so he is crying. The boy is so thirsty 10 the mother is so sad. Little swallow, will you please take her the 11 from the top of my sword ( 宝剑)?”It is very cold here and I am leaving for a warm place, but I w

48、ill stay with you and do as youask.s sword and flew away with it in his s needle.It s strange, “ he added,The swallow took the bright red jewel from the Prince mouth. He flew into the woman room and 12 it beside the woman13 he flew back, he told the Prince what he had done. cold but I feel quite 14

49、now.”That 15 you have done a good thing, about this, and then he fell asleep.“ said the Prince. The little swallow began to t()1. A. hungryB. tiredC. angryD.sad()2. A. amongB. aboveC. belowD.between()3. A. waterB. snowC. grassD.milk()4. A. atB. downC. upD.for()5. A. quiteB. soC. suchD.very()6. A. ea

50、rB. feetC. hairD.face()7. A. WhereB. HowC. WhenD. Why()8. A. sittingB. eatingC. drinkingD. cooking()9. A. poorB. richC.youngD.old()10. A. butB. orC. andD.so()11. A. jewelB. orangeC. goldD.diamond()12. A. forgotB. tookC. gotD.put()13. A. BeforeB. AfterC. TillD.While()14. A. coldB. hotC. warmD.cool()1

51、5. A. becauseB. thoughC. ifD.whether答案及解析1. B【试题解析】考察能否结合上下文语境做出推断。根据下文have a good sleep推知这儿填tired,故选B.2. D【试题解析】 考察能否根据常识做出推断。脚一般指两只，在两者之间用between,所以选D。3. A【试题解析】 考察能否结合上下文语意做出推断。根据下文He thought it was raining.推知本题选A 。4. C【试题解析】 考察近义词辨析。look up仰望，look at看着 ，look down俯视，look for 寻找，据题意选C。5. B【试题解析】考察

52、固定结构 sothat”的用法。根据从句的引导词that可知这儿应该是so.that.结构，引导结果状语从句。故选B。6. D【试题解析】考察能否根据常识做出推断。眼泪应该是顺着脸淌下来。故选D。7. D【试题解析】考察能否结合上下文语意。根据上下文的意思可知，这儿问的应该是为什么。故选D 。8. A【试题解析】考察固定搭配。sit at a table意为坐在桌旁，故选 A。9. B 【试题解析】考察能否根据前后文做出合理的推理。从前文“there s a poor hou” se.得知她很贫穷，所以应该是为富人做衣服，形成对比。选项A.C.D 均不合题意，故选B。10. C【试题解析】考察

53、能否正确识别句子结构。The boy is so thirsty.和The mother is so sad.之间是顺承关系，同样的句子结构，故选C。11. A【试题解析】考察原词复现。从后文“ The swallow took the bright red jewel from the Prince s swo廿句中jewel 一词，应该前后照应，可知这儿应该选A。12. D【试题解析】考察固定短语及近义词辨析。其他选项意思不符。put.beside.意为“把 放在 的旁边。故选D。13. B【试题解析】考察能否根据上下文做出常理判断。由事情发生的先后顺序可知选Bo14. C【试题解析】考察

54、能否发现提示作用的反义词。but连接两个意义相反的分句，前一个分句中用cold,所以后一分句用 warm。故选C。15. A【试题解析】考察能否根据上下文语意做出合理逻辑判断。That s becaus意为 那是因为 ; That swhy. 意为 “那是为什么 。上文已知道结果，下文自然应交代原因。 ”故选 A。巩固练习Once there was a rich man named Chulong.One day, he was walking in his garden when he saw a strange 1 with beautiful features（特征）and sweet

55、 voice in a tree. Chulong 2 went near the tree and caught the bird, which he thought he could 3 and get lots of money.Don t think about making money through me!” sai（4 thwblirdu y me, be cause, inimprisonment （监禁）,I lose my beauty and sweet voice. Chulong s hope of making money wasshattered. He became angry and wanted to 5 the