语法情态动词课件

1、2022-3-21Modal Verbs Modal Verbs Unit 1Unit 12022-3-22我们以前学过哪些情态动词呢？ can/could, may/might, must/ have to, will/would shall/should (ought to), need, dare/dared2022-3-23情态动词表示说话人的某种情态动词表示说话人的某种感情或语气，对某一动作感情或语气，对某一动作或状态的某种态度。或状态的某种态度。表示表示“需要、可以、需要、可以、必须、应当必须、应当”等。等。 什么是情态动词？什么是情态动词？ (Modal Verbs)(Modal

2、 Verbs)2022-3-24 1. can的主要用法是：的主要用法是： A. 表能力表能力 eg. The girl can dance very well. be able to 通过努力做成某事通过努力做成某事 He was able to reach Mount Qomolangma in 2000. B. 表示说话者的推测表示说话者的推测事物的可能性事物的可能性:(否、疑）否、疑） eg. Can the news be true? C. 在口语中在口语中, can可以表示请求或允许可以表示请求或允许： eg. Can I sit here? can和和could2022-3-25

3、2. could的主要用法是：的主要用法是： A. could 是是can的过去式的过去式, 表示与过去表示与过去 有关的能力有关的能力和推测和推测: We all knew that the young man couldnt be a doctor. B. could可以代替可以代替can表示请求表示请求, 但语气较但语气较can客气、客气、委婉委婉:could 提问，答语用提问，答语用can -Could I borrow your pen?-yes, you can.2022-3-26may 常用来表示：常用来表示： 1. 在正式文体中表示请求、允许（在正式文体中表示请求、允许（比比c

4、an正式）正式）：: eg. May I come in ? You may go now. 2. 表示说话人的猜测表示说话人的猜测: “也许也许” “可能可能”: 通常只通常只用于肯定句和否定句中。用于肯定句和否定句中。The guest may arrive this afternoon.-Can he attend the meeting?-Yes, he_. I am not sure.may和和mightmay2022-3-273. 表示祝愿表示祝愿,位于句首位于句首 eg. May you succeed! May you have a good journey! 4. may a

5、s well=had better do (最好做某事）最好做某事） Youd better take notes carefully. You may as well take notes carefully. 2022-3-28will和和wouldwill是助动词是助动词还还是情态动词？是情态动词？ will用于构成将来时是助动词。用于构成将来时是助动词。 eg. I will tell you something important. 我要告诉你一件重要的事情。我要告诉你一件重要的事情。 情态动词：情态动词：1.表意愿或意志表意愿或意志 I will never do it again

6、. If you will marry me, whatever I have is yours, and yours is yours.2022-3-29 2.提出请求或建议提出请求或建议 ,在疑问句中用于第二人称。在疑问句中用于第二人称。 eg: Will you type this, please? 祈使句问句与答语一般用祈使句问句与答语一般用will Open the door, will you? - Please come to my party. - Yes, I will3. 表习惯或必然结果表习惯或必然结果 Fish will die without water. I wil

7、l go to see my former classmates on weekends. 2022-3-210would表表 示对过去的料想及猜想。示对过去的料想及猜想。It would be about ten when he left home.他离家时应该是十点左右。他离家时应该是十点左右。2022-3-211shall和和should shall 用法用法 1. shall表征求意见，用于一三人称表征求意见，用于一三人称 疑问句中疑问句中 Shall we go by train, Mom? Shall he attend the meeting?2.用于二用于二 三人称三人称 的陈

8、述句中，表威胁警告命令允诺等语的陈述句中，表威胁警告命令允诺等语气气 You shall get a present when I came back. You shall be punished if you break the rules.2022-3-212should 用法用法 应该应该=ought to You should study hard. 2. 表万一，多位于句首。表万一，多位于句首。1. Should he come, I would let you know.2022-3-213must的主要用法的主要用法1. 必须。必须。must表主观表主观“必须必须” have t

9、o 表客观表客观“不得不不得不” I must go home this Saturday. Ive got a cold, so I have to see a doctor. -Must I stay here? -Yes, you must./ No, you neednt./you dont have to.mustnt 表禁止，不准，一定不要。表禁止，不准，一定不要。 You mustnt play with fire. You mustnt take drugs. 2022-3-2142. 表表“偏要偏要”“”“偏偏偏偏”，违背说话人意愿。，违背说话人意愿。 Must you ta

10、lk in class? -How much do you earn? -Ill tell you if you must know it. 3. 一定，肯定一定，肯定 He must be crazy. He must have stayed up last night.2022-3-2151.He must be my English teacher,2.You must go shopping next week,3. He must have finished his homework,4. It must have rained yesterday,isnt he?wont you?

11、hasnt he?didnt it?4. 表推测的反应，反义疑问句中不能出现表推测的反应，反义疑问句中不能出现must的形式，的形式，反义形式取决于句中时态反义形式取决于句中时态2022-3-216need & dare (dared)情态动词情态动词 ：need/dare do sthneed/dare not do sth 实意动词：实意动词： need/dare to do sthdont/doesnt/didnt dare to do sth（无单三形式）（无单三形式）2022-3-2171.Being afraid of making mistakes ,he _ answe

12、r his teachers question A. doesnt dare B. doesnt dare to C. darent to D. not dare to 2.Having failed the exam. The little boy _go home and face his mom. A. dares not to B. dares not C. dare not to D. dare not 2022-3-218情态动词情态动词+have done should/ought to have doneshouldnt have donemust have donecant/

13、couldnt have donecould have doneneed have doneneednt have done(针对过去）针对过去）2022-3-219 1 Children under 12 years of age in that country _ be under adult supervision when in a public library. (2004 上海）上海） A. must B. may C. can D. need2022-3-2202 Some aspects of a pilots job_ be boring, and pilots often

14、_ work at inconvenient hours. （2006 湖南）湖南） A. can；have to B. may；can C. have to; may D. ought to; must 2022-3-2213The weather turned out to be fine yesterday. I _ the trouble to carry my umbrella with me. (2006 江西）江西） A should have taken B could have taken C neednt have taken D mustnt have taken2022

15、-3-2224 Hows your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful? It _ be, but it is now heavily polluted. （2007 全国全国I） A. will B. would C. should D. must 2022-3-2235 I told your friend how to get to the hotel, but perhaps I have driven her there. （2007 陕西）陕西） A. could B. must C. might D. should2022-3-

16、224根据汉语完成句子。根据汉语完成句子。 A: _(我可以跟朋友我可以跟朋友 去去) to the harvest festival? B: Yes, you may. A: If I want to be a doctor, _ _ (我应该学理科吗我应该学理科吗)? B: I think so. May I go with friendsshould I studyscience 2022-3-225 3. I dont know where she is, she _ _ (可能在武汉可能在武汉). 4. At this moment, our teacher _ (想必在批改想必在批改) our exam papers. 5. The road is wet. It _ (肯定下雨了肯定下雨了) last night. 6. Your mother _ _ (一定一直在找你一定一直在找你).maymust be markingmust have rainedmust have been lookingbe in Wuhanfor you2022-3-2267. Philip _ _(可能在车可能在车 祸中受了重伤祸中受了重伤