中考英语复习--写作训练全讲解

1、英语英语写作训练写作训练 Beginning（topic sentence 主题句主题句) Middle Ending Concluding sentence 结论句结论句Supporting sentence 支持句支持句例子、实事、数据或引文例子、实事、数据或引文 采用采用“总分总分总总”的写作的写作方式方式 即先即先概括总述，概括总述，再分述再分述 最后再总述。最后再总述。 总述总述分述分述1 分述分述2 分述分述3总述总述1. 定内容定内容, 不折不扣。不折不扣。2.定时态，定时态， 世态前后呼应。记叙文、日世态前后呼应。记叙文、日记一般用一般过去时；说明文、通知、记一般用一般过去时；

2、说明文、通知、布告、介绍等用一般现在时；计划等布告、介绍等用一般现在时；计划等用一般将来时。用一般将来时。3.定人称，用第一人称亲近自然；用第定人称，用第一人称亲近自然；用第三人称客观真实。三人称客观真实。4.定句型、定词语；应依据内容。应该定句型、定词语；应依据内容。应该先定句型后定词语。先定句型后定词语。尽量使用简单句，如果复合句用不好尽量使用简单句，如果复合句用不好就不要用，文章算不上完美，但很实就不要用，文章算不上完美，但很实用。要牢记用。要牢记 “避繁就简避繁就简”原则。当原则。当然长句短句交叉使用最好。然长句短句交叉使用最好。把握要点，避免遗漏，注意发挥适度把握要点，避免遗漏，注意

3、发挥适度既不要多写也不要少写。既不要多写也不要少写。注意句子与句子、段与段之间过渡自注意句子与句子、段与段之间过渡自然，行文连贯，注意适当使用连词，然，行文连贯，注意适当使用连词，例如：例如：and ,so ,or, but, become, Whats more; What worse, not onlybut also, neithernor 等等。等等。再有学生语文水平的滑坡，使得英语再有学生语文水平的滑坡，使得英语老师不得不带领学生完成写作内容的老师不得不带领学生完成写作内容的挖掘。挖掘。 选词：选词：普通的叙述文或短文，应普通的叙述文或短文，应该选择简洁、朴实、准确的大众化该选择简洁

4、、朴实、准确的大众化词语，避免使用矫饰、复杂、故弄词语，避免使用矫饰、复杂、故弄玄虚的词，并尽可能挑选积极的动玄虚的词，并尽可能挑选积极的动词。词。 措辞：措辞：能写出树的具体名称能写出树的具体名称an apple tree, 就不要使用就不要使用tree; 能说能说清具体数字时，就不要使用清具体数字时，就不要使用some;知道是某种专门的活动，就不要使知道是某种专门的活动，就不要使用用do去描述，词意越具体，越能给去描述，词意越具体，越能给读者鲜明的印象。读者鲜明的印象。 1.开头常用词语：开头常用词语： as far as we know 据我们所知据我们所知 as everybody k

5、nows 众所周知众所周知at present 目前目前 first of all 首先首先 To tell the truth 老实说老实说1.结尾常用词语：结尾常用词语： after all 毕竟毕竟at last 最后最后in a word 总而言之总而言之finally, 最后最后we hope that 我们希望我们希望 In short 简言之简言之clearly 显然显然 补充说明补充说明 for example, besides，In addition(此外），此外）， Whats worse! Whats more! Worst of all. 转折转折 however, y

6、et, but 原因原因 thanks to, because of 结果结果 as result of , so ，sothat范文范文2：I m pleased to write to ask for some help. I want to tell you some problems we meet in English study. First， some of us arent interested in English. They think studying English is such a boring thing to do. And then Its so diffic

7、ult for us to remember all the words in the texts. So lots of us dont have enough confidence to keep up English study . And we are always afraid to join in the group discussion. Whats more, there are so many new words we hadnt meet before in the passage. I dont know what to do. Sometimes we cant und

8、erstand the main idea, let alone answer the questions about them. But the most difficult thing is to write. We often use wrong words and sentences. Can you help us ? How can we improve our English? Please give us some useful advice. Thank you very much. Write to me soon. Yours Fang Hua 信息点是珠子，承接词是线，

9、用线信息点是珠子，承接词是线，用线把珠子串连起来就是一条熠熠生辉、把珠子串连起来就是一条熠熠生辉、优雅华贵的项链。单独看某一方就优雅华贵的项链。单独看某一方就成为一条破绳子，一堆烂珠子。成为一条破绳子，一堆烂珠子。如何写好好人好事的结尾如何写好好人好事的结尾 be proud of speak highly of follow ones example come true1.写这类作文要求同学们先审题，弄清图示写这类作文要求同学们先审题，弄清图示情境中的故事梗概。审题的内涵较广，不情境中的故事梗概。审题的内涵较广，不仅只对作文题的审视，也包括审视写作提仅只对作文题的审视，也包括审视写作提示词、

10、主题句、图以及对作文字数的要求。示词、主题句、图以及对作文字数的要求。审题一旦出现偏误，就会审题一旦出现偏误，就会“差之毫厘，谬差之毫厘，谬以千里以千里”。大部分同学不会写作，主要原。大部分同学不会写作，主要原因是不会审题因是不会审题, 通过审题，通过审题， 抓取有效信息。抓取有效信息。考题在描述上是有限定的，考题在描述上是有限定的， 发表看法及发表看法及感想是自由发挥的。感想是自由发挥的。 在日常生活中你主动帮助你的父母做家务在日常生活中你主动帮助你的父母做家务活吗？请你根据提示用英语写一篇活吗？请你根据提示用英语写一篇80字左字左右的短文，右的短文，描述描述你平时所作家务以及你对你平时所作

11、家务以及你对家务的家务的看法看法。提示：提示：1.扔垃圾扔垃圾 2. 扫地扫地 3. 帮助妈妈做饭帮助妈妈做饭 4.洗衣服洗衣服 5. 为花浇水为花浇水 6. 饭后洗碗饭后洗碗要求：语句通畅，语法正确。要求：语句通畅，语法正确。 不得逐句翻译。不得逐句翻译。 AS we all know, Its important to help parents do housework during our daily life. I often help them do housework. I throw the rubbish away and clean the floor in the morn

12、ing. I help my mother cook the lunch . I always wash clothes for my family. My parents are very happy. Besides, Watering the flowers is also my duty. I like them very much and take good care of them. After supper, I always wash dishes . I think it can make my parents feel more enjoyable after work.

13、In a word, the more housework I do, the happier my parents will be.（即总括又阐（即总括又阐明看法）明看法） 日前日前,由教育部由教育部,国家体育总局国家体育总局,共青团共青团中央联合举办中央联合举办“全国亿万少年阳光体全国亿万少年阳光体育运动育运动” 启动仪式启动仪式,其影响巨大其影响巨大,意义意义深远深远.你你在本校在本校参加了此项活动参加了此项活动,请根据请根据表格中所给表格中所给信息信息写一篇英语短文写一篇英语短文.内容内容感想感想1.学校师生收看了启动学校师生收看了启动仪式仪式;2.开展了一个小时的集开展了一个小时的集

14、体体育活动体体育活动,如如;跑步跑步,做做操操,打篮球等打篮球等1.锻炼有利于强锻炼有利于强健身体健身体;2. 运动使大脑休运动使大脑休息息,学习效率更高学习效率更高.3. 每天锻炼一小每天锻炼一小时时,幸福生活一辈幸福生活一辈子子.注意注意:词数词数80100 个左右个左右.2.短文的开头已为你写好短文的开头已为你写好,不计入总词数不计入总词数.3.短文须包括所有内容要点短文须包括所有内容要点,但不要逐句但不要逐句 翻译翻译,可适当加入细节可适当加入细节,可适度发挥可适度发挥,使使 短文通顺短文通顺,连贯连贯.4. 文中不得使用真实姓名文中不得使用真实姓名,校名校名.参考词汇：参考词汇：th

15、e launching ceremony 启动仪式启动仪式build up ones body strength 强身健体强身健体More effective 效果更好效果更好 “Millions of young students nationwide sports sunshine” launched on April 29, 2007.The teachers and students in our school were organized to watch the launching ceremony . After that, all of us went to the playg

16、round. We had different kinds of sports that we liked for an hour. Some took part in running, some played basketball and football, and some did exercises. We enjoyed doing sports so much that we all forgot the time. We really had a good time. Doing sports is very good for us. It helps to build up ou

17、r body strength, Besides, our brains can have a good rest after doing sports. So our study can be more effective. So why not join us ? Doing sports an hour everyday, you can have a happier and better life.讲评讲评: 该文结构严谨该文结构严谨, 思维清晰思维清晰,在内容及在内容及感想间使用了不同的时态感想间使用了不同的时态;一般过去时一般过去时及一般现在时及一般现在时,发挥适度发挥适度,长句短

18、句交叉长句短句交叉使用使用,句式赋于变化句式赋于变化,用词得体用词得体,有很强有很强的可读性的可读性, 文章的开头与结尾相互呼应文章的开头与结尾相互呼应,浑然一体浑然一体,使主体得以升华使主体得以升华.做到了做到了naturally and clearly.假如你叫小明。下面的图画讲述了假如你叫小明。下面的图画讲述了你你和一位男孩在和一位男孩在上周一上周一发生的事情。请根据图画写出一篇发生的事情。请根据图画写出一篇日记日记。日。日记的开头已经给出记的开头已经给出Go to schoolSaw fall offCarry to Visit withBe fine thank Who was ly

19、ing on the ground? What happened to the boy? When did it happen? Where did it happen? Why did it happen? How was the boy?Monday June 2, 2008Fine Last Monday, I went to school in the morning._Not at all. I just did what I should do .”把好人好事做到底把好人好事做到底Monday June2, 2008 Fine Last Monday, I went to scho

20、ol in the morning. When I was at the school gate, I saw a boy fell off his bike and lie on the road. He was badly hurt and couldnt move, so I carried him to the hospital. When he was in hospital, I visited him with some flowers and he was very happy. After he was fine, he came to the school and said

21、 to me, Thank you very much, Xiao Ming. I said, Not at all. I just did something that I should do.Though we didnt see the film, we were happy. After all we did Sth kind. Sth right 要记住哟要记住哟 英语有一句名言英语有一句名言“Originality is always better than imitation”有创见比模仿好。有创见比模仿好。 但对于英语的初学者来说应该反过来说更但对于英语的初学者来说应该反过来说

22、更好，即好，即“模仿比创见好。模仿比创见好。”仿写可使学生仿写可使学生尽快入道，尽快入道， 可以进行段落仿写，课文仿可以进行段落仿写，课文仿写写 甚至于经典句子的仿写。甚至于经典句子的仿写。 例如新标准英语九年级上例如新标准英语九年级上Page 34有这样有这样一句话：一句话： Im looking forward to this.(仿写仿写1) Im looking forward to hearing from you. (信尾使用）信尾使用）(仿写仿写2) Im looking forward to your reply. (仿写仿写3) I look forward to the su

23、mmer holiday.例如；例如；1.Jack came home at 7am yesterday.-Jack didnt came home until 7am yesterday.2. We are good friends. We should help each other. ( good)-We are good friends and we should help each other. (better)-As we are good friends , we should help each other. ( best)3. I was careless. I lost a

24、 bag on the ground. (good )-I was careless and lost a bag on the ground. (better) -I was so careless that I lost a bag on the ground. (best)1.写一篇是一篇，写一篇是一篇， 写文章的过程是不断修改写文章的过程是不断修改提高的过程，提高的过程， 学生写好后，先相互修改，学生写好后，先相互修改，然后再交给老师修改。在批改作文时，教然后再交给老师修改。在批改作文时，教师把学生的作文共性的问题做笔录，为全师把学生的作文共性的问题做笔录，为全班讲评。班讲评。2. 请

25、三位好中差典型的同学利用课间把作文请三位好中差典型的同学利用课间把作文抄写在黑板上，进行集体讲评，这样达成抄写在黑板上，进行集体讲评，这样达成双向交流评语，避免有些同学看不懂老师双向交流评语，避免有些同学看不懂老师的评语。的评语。3. 考前强化训练是非常必要的，平时没考前强化训练是非常必要的，平时没有这么多的精力练写作，借助考试这有这么多的精力练写作，借助考试这股东风，提高写作水平，绝不是搞突股东风，提高写作水平，绝不是搞突击，走形式，玩技巧，拿个高分完事。击，走形式，玩技巧，拿个高分完事。练习基础的知识，为写作铺路搭桥，练习基础的知识，为写作铺路搭桥，如重新组合句子，删除多余的句子，如重新组

26、合句子，删除多余的句子，加过渡句，写主题句等等。加过渡句，写主题句等等。4. 学生不写作文老师着急，学生写了作文，学生不写作文老师着急，学生写了作文，老师更着急，批改作文的速度远远慢于学老师更着急，批改作文的速度远远慢于学生写作的速度。考前老师工作量很大，这生写作的速度。考前老师工作量很大，这时我就采用学生限时写作，写完后再听写时我就采用学生限时写作，写完后再听写范文，最后学生对照两篇文章，自我修改，范文，最后学生对照两篇文章，自我修改，再收上来，我们的工作量大减，同时学生再收上来，我们的工作量大减，同时学生也知道怎样写好作文。也知道怎样写好作文。1.统一批改符号统一批改符号，例如：例如： 删

27、除删除 插入插入 替代替代 佳句佳句 句子不通畅句子不通畅Look the book read 对学生口语中错误不必对学生口语中错误不必“见错就纠见错就纠”，但学生作文中差错，均应全部纠正，但学生作文中差错，均应全部纠正， 这时因为书面语言具有永久性，人们这时因为书面语言具有永久性，人们对书面语差错的容忍度总是小于对口对书面语差错的容忍度总是小于对口语中差错的容忍度，另一方面，书面语中差错的容忍度，另一方面，书面语中的差错得不到纠正，就会在口语语中的差错得不到纠正，就会在口语中再现。中再现。 纠错小到标点符号，大到文章结构，纠错小到标点符号，大到文章结构，逻辑次序，语序等等。比如英语中没逻辑次

28、序，语序等等。比如英语中没有顿号；省略号是三个点有顿号；省略号是三个点“” 而不是而不是汉语的六个点汉语的六个点“”； 再有冒号，中再有冒号，中文里用冒号的地方，英语中常常用逗文里用冒号的地方，英语中常常用逗号；英语里句号是实心点，汉语里的号；英语里句号是实心点，汉语里的句号空心点。句号空心点。 Dear editor, When we discuss about whether it is good to book a room for kids at a hotel near the school where the exam will be taken, we have differen

29、t opinions:75% of the students think that it is not necessary to rent a room at a hotel. They think it wastes money. They say the place where they stay has little to do with the exam. They also say it will increase their pressure if they stay with their parents. 25% of the students think it is bette

30、r to rent room if their parents have the money. They believe it will help them suit to the surroundings; they also believe it will save the time from where to live to the exam site. And their parents can help them study better if they stay with them. Yours， Li LeiTask IDiscussion: What do you think

31、of the composition? Are there any problems?Dear editor,When we discuss about whether it is good to book a room for kids at a hotel near the school where the exam will be taken, we have different opinions:75% of the students think that it is not necessary to rent a room at a hotel. They think it wast

32、es money. hold the viewis a waste ofadd toThey say the place where they stay has little to do with the exam. They also say it will increase their pressure if they stay with their parentsadd tohas little connection 25% of the students think it is better to rent room if their parents have the money. T

33、hey believe it will help them suit to the surroundings; they also believe it will save the time from where to live to the exam site. And their parents can help them study better if they stay with them. believe can affordadapted tourge them toefficiently 抓住大分，再争取小分抓住大分，再争取小分 ；锦上添花。；锦上添花。 只抓小分只抓小分,放弃大

34、分放弃大分;竹篮打水一场空竹篮打水一场空 写作写作难难在坚持，在坚持，成成在坚持。在坚持。大家要下苦功夫，大家要下苦功夫，更要用巧功夫更要用巧功夫上海中考英语作文题:Im proud of myself1、What kind of person are you?2、What makes you proud of yourself(Give an example/examples)3、Why are you proud of yourself?范文： I am a boy of less confidence. I always hate running .But as we all know,

35、 the students of Grade nine have to take part in the sports exam. At that moment, I just wanted to give up .but my parents encouraged me: “Impossible is nothing, ” “you could challenge yourself!” so with the encouragement of them，,I tried my best to run and insisted on running. When I got to the fin

36、ishing line ,I felt proud of myself,though I didnt get the good mark, I knew ,I won. I created a miracle for myself and I was so proud of myself!(以“I want to do something for my school（我想为学校做一件事）” 为题写篇不少于60个词的短文，标点符号不占格。）（注意：短文中不得出现考生的姓名、校名及其他相关信息，否则不予评分。） 学生习作1I want to make school clean. You may think it is very simple. But I dont think so. Our teacher said, School is your home, you should keep it clean. But I have nev