小学到初一英语知识点

1、小学到初一英语知识点湘少版 小学英语教材英语基础知识总结1. 字母：（大小） 辨认、 书写顺序； 元音字母： A a , Ee, Ii,Oo, Uu2. 数字：1999 的基数词和序数词的运用，如计算、 购物、时间、日期等。句型： What's your number? What s thetime? How many pens are there? How old are you? How much is it? How tall are you? How heavy are you ? What time do you get up? When's your birthda

2、y? What time did you see him?3. 颜色：单词： red, pink, yellow, brown, blue, purple, orange, black, white, green.句型： What colour is it? What' s your favourite colour?4. 时间：年、季节、月、星期、日、时刻：Season( spring, summer, autumn, winter)Month: January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September,

3、October, November, December.Week: Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday.Day: 1st May (the first of May), May 2nd ( May the second)句型：见话题2。5. 食品与饮料：人对食品与饮料的喜好；东西方食品。句型： I like biscuits. I d like a cold drink. Would you like some buns? Do you want some rice? This isn t my food

4、.6. 服装：服装的颜色：人对服装的喜好；某人的穿戴；所属关系；位置等。句型： I like the green T-shirt. Where s my new cap? Who s shirt is this? Is this your hat? .物品：名词的单、复数；特点、颜色、所属关系；存在的位置( in, on, under, beside, behind, in front of, above, near, inside, outside )。玩具( toy car, doll, )文具( desk, book, bag ,pen, pencil, pencil-box, rule

5、r, pencil sharpener, )句型： What s this? What colour is it? Whose is this? This is my brother s painting. I have a puppet. There's a car near the hospital. Was it in the wardrobe? Is there a book on the desk? That's not mine.8. 动物和植物：cat, dog, duck, fish, sheep, bird, panda, monkey, rabbit, he

6、n , cock, chick, tiger, lion, pig, cow , mouse (mice), elephant, ladybird, puppy, tree, flower, rose,9. 建筑与场所：factory, hospital, park, house, library, museum, office, farm, post office, bank, police station, railway station, bookstore, school, classroom, skating rink, caf , houfee(bathroom, living-r

7、oom, sitting-room, bedroom, kitchen) ) garden 10. 身体：head, hair, eye, nose, ear, mouth, neck, hand, finger, foot(f eet) ,toe 夕卜貌：fat, thin, tall, short, old, young, two big blue eyes, long hair, short hair, black hair. 句型： This is my nose. Touch your head. Raise your arm.11. 个人情况：姓名、年龄、地址、特点与爱好。句型：

8、I'm twelve years old. My hobby is reading. I like music. I'm interested in space. My name is Peter. I'm tall and thin. Do you have any hobbies?12. 家庭、亲属和朋友： 姓名、年龄、地址、职业、特点与爱好、与你的 关系 family, grandfather(grandpa/granddad), grandmother(grandma/grand mum), father, mother, brother, sister, un

9、cle, aunt, cousin, friend.句型： Who's he? He's my father. He's a doctor He likes playing games. My father helps me. Is he a soldier? What s he?13. 学校：学校建筑和学校生活。 school, classroom, library, playground, Chinese, maths , English, music, computer, PE, art, science,句型： When do you go to school?

10、 What time do you have English?14. 情绪和身体状态：happy, sad, tired, angry, shy, sorry, well, sick,句型：I'm sick. I'm happy.We are sorry. I feel sad.15. 社交礼仪：礼貌用语；询问与应答。句型：问候 Hello./ Hi. Good morning/afternoon/evening. How are you? How do you do? Glad to meet you./ Nice to meet you.介绍 My name is I &#

11、39; m a pupiI ' m12.This is our teacher, Miss Chen.He is from Japan.道别 Goodbye./Bye. See you Good night.道谢 Thank you./Thanks. You re welcome.道歉 Sorry.I ' m sorr Excuse me.请求 Can I have a puppy? Can I borrow a pencil? Yes, please Of course.祝愿 Happy birthday. Merry Christmas.提供帮助Can I help you

12、? What can I do foryou? What' s the matter?寻求帮助和建议What can I do?用餐 Do you want some soup?Would you like some rice? I'd like a cold drink.购物 Which one do you want? Can I look at it? I want a red one, please. It's too expensive. Have you got enough money? How much is it ?16.国家与国庆日：China, J

13、apan, America (the USA), English( the UK), Australia, Russia, Canada, Singapore, India, France,句型：When' s your country ' s National Day? I come from China.17. 天气与气候特征：hot, cold, cool, warm, sun, sunny, rain ,heavy rain, rainy, wind, strong wind, windy, snow , heavy snow, cloud, cloudy, 句型： W

14、hat's the weather like? It ' s a cold day. Spring is warm and nice. Tomorrow will be rainy. I like a sunny day.18. 节日：节日的特点；节日的活动。 New Year's Day,Spring Festival, Children's Day, Mid-autumnFestival, Teachers' Day , National Day, Christmas Day, Dragon Boat Festival.19. 正在发生的事情：现在进

15、行的动作和发生的事。句型： Are you making a kite? Peter is writing. What's Anne doing? Where are you going? What are they doing? Is he running?20. 日常生活：日常生活、工作、学习的活动。句型： I come to school by bus. Your homework is good. What time do you get up? She always get up early.21. 计划与打算：计划和将要进行的动作 be going to do 句型：re

16、(not) I m/You re /He s/She s /We re/They going to swim. Are you going to swim? Is he/she going to visit Anne? What are you going to do? What is he going to do? When are they going to swim? Tomorrow will be rainy. I'll stay at home.22. 能力和可能：能做某事或可能进行某事。句型： Can you read and write in English? Can

17、I have a puppy? What can you do? She can run fast.23. 过去发生的事情或过去的打算：过去式。句型： Where were you? Who was first? Was it in the wardrobe? Benny took my ball. Where did you go? What did you do? I came by plane. Anne wanted to skate.24. 对事物的比较： 比较级和最高级。句型： My singing is louder than yours. I m taller than you

18、. There more shops in Picture One. Some stories are more interesting than others.The most interesting stories.Who is fatter?25.提醒与告示： What does that sign mean? Draw a cat on the roof. Don't put your feet on the seat. No speaking. Do not go in.26.擅长和喜欢的事情：39 I'm/ You're/ He's good at

19、drawing. I like playing basketball.七年级英语湘教版上册英语知识点总结与测试题【知识梳理】1. 重点短语2. Sit down3. on duty4. in English5. have a seat6. at home7. look like8. look at9. have a look10. come on11. at work12. at school13. put on14. look after15. get up16. go shoppingII. 重要句型1. help sb. do sth.2. What about ？3. Let ossd

20、th.4. It s time to do sth.5. It ' s time for 6. What ' s? It is /It ' s7. Where is ？ It ' s.8. How old are you? I ' m.9. What class are you in? Im in .10. Welcome to11. What ' s plus ？ It ' s .12. I think 13. Who s this? This is14. What can you see? I can see15. There is

21、(are)16. What colour is it (are they)? It s (They17. Whose - is this? It ' s.18. What time is it? It' s .III. 交际用语1. Good morning, Miss/Mr2. Hello! Hi!3. Nice to meet you. Nice to meet you, too.4. How are you? I mfine, thank you/thanks.And you?5. See you. See you later.6. Thank you! You re w

22、elcome.7. Goodbye! Bye!8. What ' s your name? My name is9. Here you are. This way, please.10. Who s on duty today?11. Let s do.12. Let me see.IV. 重要语法1. 动词 be 的用法；2. 人称代词和物主代词的用法；3. 名词的单复数和所有格的用法；4. 冠词的基本用法；5. There be 句型的用法。【名师讲解】1. in/on在表示空间位置时， in 表示在某个空间的范围以内， on 表示在某一个物体的表面之上。例 如：There is

23、a bird in the tree. 树上有只鸟。There is a picture on the wall. 墙上有张图。2. this/that/these/those(1)this 常常用来指在时间、 地点上更接近讲话人的人和事， these 是 this 的复数形式。 that 常常用来指在时间、 地点上离讲话人更远一点的人 和事， those 时 that 的复数形式。例如：You look in this box and I ll look in that one over there.你看看这个盒子，我去看那边的那个 盒子。I want this car, not that

24、car. 我想要这辆小 汽车，不是那一辆。Take these books to his room, please. 请把 这些书拿到他房间去。This is mine; that ' s yOUiS是我的，那 个是你的。These are apples; those are oranges. 这些 是苹果，那些是橘子。(2)在打电话的用语中，this 常常指的是我， that常常指的是对方。例如：This is Mary speaking. Who ' s that?马 丽。你是谁？3. There be/ haveThere be " 有" ，其确切含意

25、为 "某处或某时存在 某人或某物。 " 其结构是： There be + 某人或某 物 + 表示地点或时间的状语。 There be 后面的 名词实际上是主语， be 动词的形式要和主语在 数上保持一致， be 动词后面的名词是单数或不 可数名词时用is,名词是复数时用are。例如： (1) There is a big bottle of coke on the table. 桌 上有一大瓶子可乐。(2) There is a doll in the box. 那个盒子里有个娃 娃。(3) There are many apples on the tree. 那树上有 许

26、多苹果。总之， There be 结构强调的是一种客观存在的 "有"。have表示"拥有，占有，具有:即：某人有某物(sb. have / has sth.)。主语一般是名词或代词，与主语是所属关系。例如：(4) I have two brothers and one sister. 我有两个兄弟，一个姐姐。(5) That house has four rooms.那所房子有四个房间。4. look/ see/ watch(1)look 表示 “看、瞧 ” ，着重指认真看，强调看的动作，表示有意识地注意看，但不一定看到，以提醒对方注意。 ，如：Look! The

27、 children are playing computer games.瞧！孩子们在玩电脑游戏。Look! What ' s that over there?#!那边那个是什么？单独使用是不及物动词，如强调看某人/ 物，其后接介词 at ，才能带宾语，如：He' s looking at me 他正在看着我。(2)see强调 看”的结果，着重的是100k这个动作的结果，意思是 “看到 ” ， see 是及物动词，后面 能直接跟宾语。如：What can you see in the picture? 你能在图上看到什么？Look at the blackboard. What

28、 did you see on it?看黑板！你看到了什么？(3)watch 观看，注视“” ，侧重于场面，表示全神贯注地观看、 观察或注视某事务的活动， 强调过程，常用于 “看电视、看足球、看演出 ”等。如：Yesterday we watched a football match on TV .昨天我们从电视上看了一场足球比赛。4. put on/ / input on 意为 “穿上， 戴上 ”。 主要指 “穿上 ”这一动作 , 后面接表示服装、鞋帽的名词。in 是介词，表示 “穿着 ”强调状态。在句中可以做定语、标语和状语。如：It ' s cold outside, put o

29、n your coat:.卜面冷，穿上你的外衣。He puts on his hat and goes out. 他戴上帽子，走了出去。The woman in a white blouse is John s mother.穿白色衬衣的那个妇女是John 的妈妈。5. house/ home/familyhouse ： “房子 ” ， 指居住的建筑物 ; Home: 家“” ，指一个人同家人共同经常居住的地方 ; Family:“家庭 “， “家庭成员 ” 。例如：Please come to my house this afternoon. 今天下午请到我家来。He is not at h

30、ome. 他不在家。My family all get up early. 我们全家都起得很早。6. fine, nice, good, well四者都可用作形容词表示 " 好"之意， 但前三者既可作表语又可作定语， 而后者仅用作表语。 主要区别在于：(1) fine 指物时表示的是质量上的 "精细 " ，形容人时表示的是 " 身体健康 " ，也可以用来指" 天气晴朗 " 。例如：Your parents are very fine. 你父母身体很健康。That's a fine machine. 那是一台

31、很好的机器。It's a fine day for a walk today. 今天是散步的好时候。(2)nice 主要侧重于人或物的外表，有" 美好 " ， "漂亮 " 的意思， 也可用于问候或赞扬别人。 例如：Lucy looks nice. 露西看上去很漂亮。These coats are very nice. 那些裙子很好看。Nice to meet you. 见到你很高兴。It's very nice of you. 你真好。(3)good 形容人时指 " 品德好 " ， 形容物时指 " 质量好&q

32、uot; ，是表示人或物各方面都好的普通用语。例如：Her son is a good student. 她儿子是一个好学生。The red car is very good. 那辆红色小汽车很好。(4)well 只可用来形容人的 " 身体好 " ，但不能作定语， 它也能用作副词作状语， 多放在所修饰的动词之后。例如：I'm very well, thanks. 我身体很好，谢谢。My friends sing well. 我的朋友们歌唱得好。【考点扫描】中考考点在本单元主要集中在：1. 动词 be 的用法；2. 人称代词和物主代词的用法；3. 名词的单复数和所有格

33、的用法；4. 冠词的基本用法；5. There be 句型的用法。6. 本单元学过的词汇、短语和句型；7. 本单元学过的日常交际用语。考试形式可以是单项填空、 完型填空、 短文填空、完成句子。【中考范例】1. （2004年北京市中考试题）Mary, please show your picture.A. my B. mine C. I D. me【解析】答案：Do该题考查的是人称代词和物主代词的用法。 本题中动词 show 后面跟双宾语，空白处应填入人称代词的宾格me 作宾语。2. （2004 年上海市徐汇区中考试题） orange on the desk is for you, Mike.A

34、. A B.An C. / D. The【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是冠词的基本用法。 因为是特指课桌上的那个橘子， 所以用定冠词 the 。3. （2004 年哈尔滨市中考试题）-What the number of the girls inyour class?-About twenty.A. is B. am【解析】答案：法和主谓一致。C. are D. beA 。该题考查的是动词be 的用the number 作主语，应该是单数第三人称，动词 be 变为 is。4. （2004 年陕西省中考试题）There a football match on TV this evening.A.

35、will have B. is going to be C. has D. is going to have【解析】答案：B。该题考查的是There be 句 型和动词have用法区别。There be句型本身就 表示 “在某个地方存在某个人或物 ” ， 不能和动词 have混在一起用。【满分演练】一 . 单项填空1. -What colour is the bike?-It s orange.A. an B. a C. / D. the2. That isn t her bag. It s .A. my B. I C. mine D. me3. -Oh, your kite is very

36、nice.A. That s right B. No, it s not nicCe. Yes, it is D. Thank you4. The woman is sixty, but she young.A. is B. sees C. looks D. watches5. It s time lunch. Let s go home.A. to B. in C. for D. on6. -is your coat?-The black one.A. What B. Where C. Which D. How7. -is the toy?-It s on thbeed.A. Who B.

37、Where C. What D. Whose8. The shoes are too old. Put overthere.A. it B. they C. their D. them9. Excuse me. Can you my watch,please?A. look B. look like C. look after D. look at10. Look the blackboard and listenthe teacher.A. / / B. at; to C. after; / D. on; after11. -Whose dress is this?-It s .A. Luc

38、y B. Lucy sC. Jim D. Jim s12. The girl the purple coat is his sister.A. at B. in C. on D. with13. There is a bird the tree.A. in B. on C. to D. of14. There are many in our school.A. woman teachersB. woman teacherC. women teacherD. women teachers15. -Is there a ball under the desk?A. Yes, it isB. Yes

39、,there sC. No, there isn tD. No,there is16. There some books and a pencil onthe desk.A. am B. is C. are D. be17. -Let me help you.A. You re weolmc eB. Thanks very muchC. Don t worryD. Yes, thanks18. old man is English teacher.A. The; an B. An; an C. The; the D. A; a19. -What five plus six?-It s elev

40、en.A. am B. is C. are D. /20. -What you see in the picture?-I can see some flowers.A. must B. can C. are D. do二 . 完形填空This is a picture of Kat s 1. Whatcan we 2 in the picture? Look3 it, please. The man 4 the black coat is Kate sfather, Mr. Green. The 5 in the red sweater is Mrs. Green.They 6 young.

41、 The baby is Kate. Thelittle boy is Kate _s_7, Jim. _8the man behind Mrs. Green? Oh, he s 9_brother, Mr. Read. He 10young, too.1. A. families B. family C. parents D. brothers2. A. look3. A. at4. A. onB. doB. afterB. ofC. seeC. forC. inD.putD. upD. to5. A. manB. girlC. women D.woman6. A.areB.isC.look

42、 likeD.looking7. A.sisterB.brotherC.fatherD.aunt8. A.WhatsB.WheresC.Who sD.How is9. A. his B. her C. our D. their10. A. looks B. am C. look D. very 三 . 在 B 栏中找出 A 栏英语句子的正确答语(A)1. How are you?6.2. Can you spell it, please?you.3. How do you do? book.4. What row are you in?5. What s two plus eight? you

43、, too.6. Nice to meet you.(B)A. I am in RowB. Fine, thankC. Yes, b-o-o-k,D. It is ten.E. Nice to meetF. I am 14.G. Wang Ping7. How old are you?is.8. Who s not here?H. It s here.9. Where is the bag?10. What is this in English?I. It s a book.J. How do youdo?四 . 完成对话：在对话后面的句子中选出正确的填入空白处Jim: Excuse me,

44、Ann. Whose black dog is this?Is it yours?Ann: Let me have a look.1. Ithink it s Sam s. My dog is brown.Jim:Sam, look at the dog behind thetree.2?Sam: Sorry, it isn t mine. My dog is black and white. I think it looks like Mary s.Jim: 3?Sam: She s my friend. Look! She s over there.Let s go and ask her

45、.Jim: 4.Sam: Hi, Mary! Is that dog yours?Mary: 5.Sam: It s a lovely dog! Don t lose it!Mary: Yes, thank you.A. Who s MaryB. OK, let s goC. Oh, no it s not mineD. Oh, yes. It s mineE. Is it yours五 . 用所给单词的适当形式填空1. (He) pen is in (I) pencil-box.2. (You) shoes (be) under thebed.3. (Who) new ruler is th

46、is?4. -Are these trousers (you)?-No, they aren t (we)5. It s time (go) and play games.6. This is my pen. Please give it to (I).7. I have two (baby).8. Look! That is a (China) car.9. It is (my teacher) sweater.10. Now her ( parent) are in America.六 . 阅读理解(A)Bob was born in a big and rich family. Hisf

47、ather is a university professor. He teaches American history. His mother is a very capable woman. She is the manager of a big company. She earns a lot of money, of course. Bob has two sisters and a brother. His elder sister, Jenny, is fourteen. She studies in a middle school. His younger sister, Ann

48、, is ten. She studies in a private primary school. She has a very good memory. She is clever. His younger brother, Dick, is only six. He has just started going to school. Bob gets on well with his family. He is on good terms not only with his parents, but also with his sisters and brother. (have a f

49、riendly relationship with sb.) He is, in a word, an apple in their eyes.根据短文的内容， 判断下列句子的正误： 正确地 答“A"，错误的答“B”。1. Bob was born in a small and rich family.2. He has two brothers and a sister.3. There are five people in his family.4. Dick is only six. He studies in a private primary school.5. “ Hei

50、s an apple in their eyes ” means “ They love him very much ”.(B)Look at the clothes line in the twins' bedroom. There are some clothes on it. You can see a green blouse and a yellow skirt. The trousers on the clothes line are black. They are not new but clean. Are they Lily's clothes? No. I

51、know they are Lucy's. Lily's clothes are on a clothes tree near the window. Her trousers are brown, her blouse is white and her skirt is blue. There is a new hat on the clothes tree, but it's not Lily's, it's Lucy's. There is an old hat on Lucy's bed in the room, it's Lily's. There are no clothes on the other bed, the bed is Lily's.1. What can you see in the bedroom? I can seeA. a clothes line B. a tree C. a bed2. What colour are Lucy's trousers?