高中语法专题复习—省略句

1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上省略句知识详解一、 概述在英语中，为了避免重复而省去某些重复的部分，这种现象叫省略。如：? Beg you pardon. （ I ）Beg you pardon? Sounds like a good idea. ( It ) Sounds like a good idea.二、分类详解（一） 简单句中的省略1、 省略主语 祈使句中主语通常省略；其它省略主语多限于少数现成的说法。如： ?Thank you for your help. ( I ) Thank you for your help.?Doesnt matter. ( It ) doesnt matter

2、.2、省略主谓或主谓语的一部分。如： ?(There is) No smoking .?（Will you） Have a smoke ?What/How (do you think) about a cup of tea ?Why (do you) not say hello to him ?3、省略作宾语的不定式短语，只保留to，但如果该宾语是动词be或完成时态，则须在之后加上be或have 。如： Are you going there? Yes, Id like to .?He didnt give me the chance, though he had promised to .A

3、re you an engineer? No, but I want to be.He hasnt finished the task yet. Well, he ought to have.（二）二、4、省略表语。如： ?Are you thirsty? Yes, I am (thirsty).?His brother isnt lazy, nor is his sister (lazy).5、同时省略几个成分 。如： ?Lets meet at the same place as (we met) yesterday.? Have you finished your work ? Not

4、yet.I have not finished my homework yet.（二）复合句中的省略1、主句中有一些成分被省略，如： ? (Im ) Sorry to hear you are ill.?She must be busy now? -If so, she cant go with us.so=he is busy2、主句中有一些成分被省略、而用so或not来代替，如： ?Are you leaving for Beijing this Sunday? I think so.?It is going to rain, isnt it? I hope not.这种用法常见的有：Ho

5、w so? Why so? Is that so? I hope so. He said so.及I suppose/believe/hope not. Why not? 等等。（三）并列句中的省略1、两个并列句中，后一个分句常省略与前一分句中相同的部分。 如： ?My brother is a doctor and my sister-in-law (is) a lawyer.?When summer comes, the day is getting longer and longer, and the night (is getting) shorter and shorter.（四）其

6、它形式的省略1、连词的that省略（1）宾语从句中常省略连词that，但当有两个并列的宾语从句时，第二个that则不能省略。 ?We all know (that) the earth runs around the sun.?Mary said (that) she is from American and that she is 16 years old.（2） 在定语从句中，that, which, who在从句中作宾语时可省略。?I havent read the book (that/ which) youre reading.?The man (that/ who) your fa

7、ther just talked to is our English teacher, Mr. Smith.2、在以when, while, once引导的时间状语从句及以if, unless引导的条件状语从句中，如果从句中的主语与主句中的主语指同一对象，且从句中含有be动词时，从句中可省去“主语+be”部分。?When （he was） asked what he had done, John just kept silent.?If (he is) free, Jack will go with us.?Unless (he is) invited, he wont come.3、不定式符

8、号to的省略（1）并列的不定式可省去后面的 to.?My father often asks me to go to the market and (to) buy some vegetables.（2）介词but前若有动词do（did, does, done)，后面的不定式不带 to，否则要带to. ?He had no choice but to wait.?He had nothing to do but wait.前若有do后则无to，前若无do，后必带to（3） help 作“帮助”讲时，后面的宾语或宾补的不定式符号to可带可不带。?He is kind enough to help

9、 me (to) do some work.（4） find 作“发现”讲时，后面作宾语补足语的不定式符号to可带可不带。?The parents found their son to study very hard.注意：如果是不定式 to be，则不能省略?We found he to be very humorous.（5）一些使役动词及感官动词后面作宾语补足语的不定式一定要省去 to, 但在被动语态中须将to 复原。?I noticed a man to enter the classroom when I passed by.?A man was noticed to enter t

10、he classroom这类使役动词及感官动词主要有:一“感”: feel二“听”: hear, listen to三“让”: have, make, let四“看”: watch, notice, observe, see（6）主语从句中有动词do,后面作表语的不定式的 to可带可不带。?What he can do is (to) keep silent.4、在以if引导的非真实条件句中若含有were, had, should时，常可以省略if而将were, had, should置于句。?Were I you, Id give the AIDS patient a hug.5、在含有表示

11、“命令、要求、建议、许可”或“禁止”等意义的名词性从句中使用“should + 动词原形”表示虚拟语气的，should常可以省略。如：?He suggest we (should) set out right away.?His suggestion is that we (should) set out right away.?The order that we (should) stay where we are is very serious and severe.高考真题1. Would you like some more tea? _, please.（NMET2005，全国卷II

12、，12）A. No moreB. Just a littleC. Ive had enoughD. Yes, I would2. Itll take at least 2 hours to do this! Oh, _! I could do it in 30 minutes. (NMET2005，上海 39)A. come onB. pardon meC. your are rightD. dont mention it3. How about putting some pictures into the report? _ A picture is worth a thousand wor

13、ds. （NMET2005，江苏，24） A. No way.B. Why not?C. All right?D. No matter.4. When _ help, one often says “Thank you.” or “Its kind of you.” (NMET2005，福建，33)A. offeringB. to offerC. to be offeredD. offered5. Why didnt you buy the camera you had longed for? I planed to, but I was 50 _.（NMET2005，福建，34）A. few

14、erB. lessC. cheapD. short6. Would you mind my coming over and having a look at your new garden? My little sons curious about those roses you grow.” _. Youre welcome. (NMET2005，湖北，25)A. Yes, I do B. Never mindC. Yes, pleaseD. Not at all7. Tom: Mike, our team will play against the Rockets this weekend

15、. Im sure we will win. Mike:_! （NMET2005，广东，21）A. CongratulationsB. CheersC. Best wishesD. Good luck8. Tara: This is Tara Patel from cotton House in Kidderminster. Could I speak to Mr. Smith, please? Smith:_ (NMET2005，广东，22）A. Hello! B. Im Mr. Smith.C. Who are you?D. Speaking9. My family usually goe

16、s skating for vacation. I like skating, but I want to try something different this year. _ （NMET2005，重庆，22）A.Lets go.B. Cheer up.C. Like what?D. Take care.10. Have you been to New Zealand? No, Id like to, _. (NMET2005，山东，21）A. too B. thoughC. yetD. either11. Could you do me a favor and take these bo

17、oks to my office? Yes, _ （NMET2005，山东，22）A. for pleasureB. I couldC. my pleasureD. with pleasure12 . Lets go to a movie after work, OK? _ (NMET2005，山东，33）A. Not at all. B. Why not?C. Never mind.D. What of it?跟踪练习1. Could you please spare me some time? Ive something to talk with you. Not now, _ time,

18、 perhaps. A. any other B. some C. other D. some other2. The students have all made up their minds to gain a high mark _ difficulties. A. however B. whatever C. whenever D. whichever3. I feel tired, Dad. Tired? _? A. For what B. For which C. From which D. Of what4. Why not join us in the game? _. A. No, you do the same B. Oh, thats all right C. Ok, comingD. Sure, please do5. The boy wanted him to ride his bicycle in the street but his mother told him _. A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to6. Would you like