任务型阅读基本技能专项讲解答案与训练-

1、任务型阅读基本技能专项讲解与训练(1【导语】本栏目主要针对大家在做任务型阅读题中所遇到的难点进行单项训练,为了让大家全面掌握任务型阅读题所涉及到的技巧,本专题将结合每单元重点单词分别就词性与单复数转换、句子结构与短语转换、同义词和反义词转换、词语释义、归纳概括等各种技巧进行训练。本期着重训练词性转换训练,即练习将一种词类转换成另一种词类,主要包括动词与名词转换、形容词与副词转换、形容词与名词转换。解题方法很简单,只要在文中找到关键词即可。例如:1.原文:be responsible for your own learning.(2008江苏高考题转换成表格中:Take(76_ for ones

2、 own learning.分析:抓住关键词responsible,将它转换为名词。答案为responsibility。2.Positive,negative,and neutral messages that you receive from others all play a role in determining who you are.(2009江苏高考题转换成表格中:Messages from others help you(73 who you are.分析:抓住关键词determining,将此动名词转换为动词原形,因有词组let sb. do。答案为: determine/de

3、fine/know/understand3. communication involves others in the sense that a competent communicator considers what the other person needs and expects when selecting messages to share.(2009江苏高考题转换成表格中:Needs and(74 of others should be considered.分析:抓住关键词expect,将它转换为名词。答案为:expectations/hopes/desires/wishes

4、。4. With all the information available, it's not surprising that people can feel confused.(2009安徽高考题转换成表格中:There is a lot job information on-line, but too much of it may sometimes be (77_.分析:抓住关键词confused,由于题目中的主语是too much of it,因此答案为confusing。5. Regularly updated, the Handbook is available as a

5、 book and on-line. (2009安徽高考题转换成表格中:The information is updated in a (78_ manner.分析:抓住关键词regularly,转换成形容词。答案为:regular6. You can also learn how to apply for jobs.转换成表格中:Its vast resources include ways of job (79_. (2009安徽高考题分析:抓住关键词apply, 转换成名词。答案为:application。7. It's worth taking the time and fin

6、ding as much information as you can. (2009安徽高考题转换成表格中:The time you spend and the efforts you make will be (85_.分析:抓住关键词worth,转换成形容词。答案为:worthwhile。【练一练】下面每题分为两句,请根据上句意思将下句补充完整,每空仅填一词。1. In time of war, one should fight in defence of his country.Whenever war breaks out, everyone should fight to _ his

7、 country.2. I had a good time last night because there was an abundance of good food at the party.The _ food at the party last night made me very glad.3. The first thing he looked at was his office's location.The first thing he looked at was where his office was _.4. It is hoped that we can sett

8、le on a solution to the troubles at a time, but its impossible.People hope there is a lasting _ of the troubles, but its impossible.5. He used to be a great sports enthusiast, but now he would rather stay at home.He doesnt seem very _ about sports, but he used to be.6. Today's schedule of events

9、 is flexible so that people can decide for themselves what they want to do.People can decide for themselves what they want to do, thanks to the _ of today's schedule of events.7. Their unexpected arrival threw our plan into confusion.Their arrival was well beyond _ so that our plan was thrown in

10、to confusion.8. There is milk and cream, and which do you prefer?There is milk and cream, and do you have a _?9. They are now under a great deal of pressure to tighten their airport security.They feel pressured to make sure their airport are _.10. He would not make any gesture that would show weakne

11、ss.He would not make any gesture that would show he is _.11. His devotion of his time and wealth to science will be remembered by all of us.We will never forget that he has _ all of his time and wealth to science.12. Her endless patience made her the best nurse in the hospital.She was so _, which ma

12、de her the best nurse in the hospital.13. He's deeply religious and goes to church twice a week.He believes in _ deeply and goes to church twice a week.14. His collection of paintings is most impressive.His collection of paintings leaves a deep _ on each one present.1. defend2.abundant3. located

13、4. settlement5. enthusiastic6. flexibility7.expectation8. preference9. secure/safe 10. weak 11. devoted 12. patient 13. religion 14. impression(2【导语】本期着重训练句子结构与短语转换。做此类题首先要理解题意,其次仔细比较原句和题目,明白出题人的意图,只要找出题眼就不难得出答案。以2009年江苏高考题为例: 1.原文:But every day we experience the centrality of our selves in communic

14、ation.转换成表格中:we are always(71 in communication with others.分析:首先要将原文句意理解透彻,题意为:每一天我们在沟通中都是以自我为中心的。其次分析出题人的意图,找出题眼,本题是如何将题眼the centrality of our selves转换为一个表语,就本题应为一个形容词。答案为:self-centered/subjective。2.原文:we are constantly providing behaviors that have communicative value for them.转换成表格中:We are consta

15、ntly(78 meanings by what we do.分析:本题题意不难理解,即:我们应常向他人提供有交际价值的行为。出题人的意图是: have communicative value= _?_ meanings. 答案为:conveying/expressing3. 原文:Your second experience with a similar setting and person made far different results.转换成表格中:Yon may redo the conversation,but you(80 achieve the same results.分

16、析:很容易看出本题的意图:made far different results= _?_ achieve the same results. 答案为:cant/cannot【练一练】下面每题分为两句,请根据上句意思将下句补充完整,每空仅填一词。1. I am very sorry to have hurt you with such cruel words, but I didnt meant it.I apologize for my cruel words, but I did it_.2. Look, a new theatre is being constructed there. S

17、oon, we can enjoy good movies anytime. Look, a new theatre is under _ there. Soon, we can enjoy good movies anytime3. Some students often explain their arriving late with the excuse that they know nothing of the rules.To say you were _ of the rules is no excuse.4. The storm is so terrible that the s

18、hip, I am afraid, is totally under the control of it.I am afraid the ship was at the _ of the terrible storm.5. The town has changed so much that I even cant make sure where my house is after so many years abroad.The town has changed out of all _ since I was last here.6. Dont lie in the strong sunli

19、ght for long time, which will do much harm to your skin._ of the body to strong sunlight for long time can be harmful to your skin.7. Everyone should hand in his homework by May 30th, or he will be punished.The _ for the homework is May 30th.8. You cant learn English well immediately. Instead, make

20、progress step by step and you will achieve your goal one day.One can English well by making _ progress.9. In th is country, theres a high rate of unemployment. As a result, workers go on s trike; stealing and fighting become very common. It seems that a war cant be avoided.The high rate of unemploym

21、ent in this country has caused social _.10. The noise annoyed me every day. So I had to move to the suburb and now I have never suffered that pain.My settlement in the suburb _ me of the noise.11. Some people think highly of vitamins and say that vitamins are almost equal to a healthy diet. In fact,

22、 they are wrong.Vitamins should not be used as a _ for a healthy diet.12. At sixteen, I had to accept the fact that I d never be a dancer.At sixteen, I _ myself to the fact that I'd never be a dancer.13. Tom deserves our trust. You see, he never broke his promise.Tom is _ because he always keep

23、his promise.14. He opened the book without any conscious choice and read it out loudly to us.He opened the book at _ and read it out loudly to us.15. These factors have a big effect on their reaching a decision about the trade.These _ factors will decide their decision about the trade.Key: 1. uninte

24、ntionally 2. construction 3. ignorant 4. mercy 5. recognition 6. Exposure 7. deadline 8. gradual 9. unrest 10. rid 11. substitute 12. resigned 13. trustworthy 14. random 15. influential(3本期着重训练反义词转换训练,即练习将一词的反义词找出来。做此类题的技巧如下: 1.以前缀和后缀来表示,例如happy-unhappy,like - dislike,等。例题如下:原句:She thought her husba

25、nd was faithful to her. But the discovery shocked her.转换为: The discovery that her husband was to her was a shocking to her.分析:由原句中的后半句知Her husband was not faithful to her。因此需要找出一个词和not faithful意义相同的词。答案:unfaithful。2.有很多词并没有前缀和后缀形式标志,如old - young, long - short,different- same等。例题如下:原句:He seldom visit

26、ed his friend Tom after the quarrel last time.转换为:But for the quarrel last time, he would be a visitor to his friend, Tom.分析:仔细分析原句,知本题关键是找出seldom的反义词,而且能修饰visitor。答案:frequent。3.以词组形式出现,如:be good at - be weak in,get into - get out of,turn on - turn off, turn down - turn up, be awake - be asleep,catc

27、h up with - fall behind, both. and. - neither. nor 等。例题如下:原句:Everything in the house was neat and tidy. But the naughty boy changed it thoroughly.转换为:The naughty boy left everything in the house in a .分析:本题关键是找出一个和in搭配的固定短语作为neat and tidy的反义短语。答案:mess。【练一练】下面每题分为两句,请根据上句意思将下句补充完整,每空仅填一词。1. My shoes

28、are very tight and I cant walk comfortably.If my shoes are a bit , I can walk comfortably.2. A book full of ambiguity often leaves readers at a loss.Most of readers like writers to be in writing their books.3. It happened long years ago and I cant remember it clearly.I only have a idea of what happe

29、ned long years ago.4. In remote regions, the air is pure and the crops are free of poisonous insecticides.air in some regions will without doubt bring poisonous insecticides to the crops.5. He dare not speak out his decision in public. So we have to get his idea in the other way.He may be willing to tell us his decision .6. I didn't ignore her intentionally - I just didn't recognize her.I had to admit I ignored her - I just didn't recognize her7. Everything in the house was neat and tidy. But