上海牛津版七年级英语上册Unit1知识点详解归纳

1、上海牛津版七年级英语上册Unitl知识点详解归纳Unit 1 Relatives in Beijing知识网络Welcome to BeijingReadingfPlanning a trip to BeijingLucy's holiday plListening and speakingngUnit 1知识清单重点1 .掌握现在完成时的语法结构，并能运用现在完成时描述过去延续到现在的事件。2 .掌握用形容词比较级描述事物和物品。3 .学习并掌握表示方位的词组。4 .用how引导的疑问句提问5 .书信的写作格式。难点1 .运用现在完成时描述已经发生的事情。2 .语言知识的迁移应用。易

2、错点1 .方位名词表达方向。2 .现在完成时的使用。高频考点1 .现在完成时和be going to结构。2 .运用形容词比较级比较事物。词汇清单牛津词汇invitev.邀请brickn.石专expensiveadj.昂贵的stonen.石头；石料；岩石talk to说话；讲话；谈话mountainn.高山；山岳*brochuren.资料手册ancientadj.古老的agentn.代理人；经纪人historyn.历史soonadv.不久；很快；马上interestn.吸引力；趣味at the end of在（八月）底holidayn.假期(August)*swann”wonderfuladj

3、.精彩的；令人高兴的raisev.提升；举起anotherpron.另一（事物或人）nationaladj.国家的於知识梳理第一部分：词汇精讲1. invite v.邀请I ' ve invited the Smiths to visit us next Friday.我已经邀请史密斯一家下周五来家里玩。【短语】invite sb. to do sth.【联想记忆】invitation n.邀请函；请柬Hundreds of invitations are being sent out this week.本周数百张请贴正在发生。区另U invite 和 invent区别发音：invi

4、te ?i'vatinvent ?i'vent区别词义：invent vt.发明；创造 【联想记忆】invention n.发明物 inventor n.发明者He invented the first electric clock.他发明了 第一个电子钟。2. expensive adj. 昂贵的I think international calls are very expensive.我认为国际长途费用很高。【近义】dear adj.昂贵的【反义】cheap adj.便宜点I would choose the cheaper one.我还是选择稍便宜点的那个吧！价格高低表

5、达法The price of the maglev is very , isn ' t it ?A. high B. cheapC. expensive D. dear【答案】A注：价格是高低，东西是贵贱The price is high/low. The thing is expensive/cheap.3. talk to与某人谈话=talk with sb.He stopped to talk to me when seeing me. 看到我的时候，他停下来和我说话。talk, speak, say, tell 的区别 say一般作及物动词用，着重说话的内容，它的宾语可以是名词

6、，代词或宾语从句。He can say his name.他会说他的名字。Please say it in English. 请用英语说。She' s saying "Don' t draw on theWOl蜕 别在墙上画”。 speak强调说的动作，不强调所说的内容。作及物动词时，常以某种语言作宾语。作不及物动词时，常见的搭配形式有 ：speak of something/somebody谈到某事（某人）speak to sb.跟某人讲话,此外speak还可用于在较为正式的场合的演讲或演说。Can you speak Japanese?你会说日语吗？She is

7、speaking to her teacher.她正在跟她的老师说话。He spoke at the meeting yesterday.他昨天在会上讲了 话。 talk 一般为不及物动词，意思是交谈，谈话，着重强调两者之间的相互对话。She is talking with Lucy in English. 她正在和露茜用英语交谈。What are you talking about? 你们在谈论什么？The teacher is talking to him. 老正在和他谈话。 tell常作及物动词，意为讲述、告诉，动词常跟双宾语。tell sb. sth = tell sth to sb.

8、告诉某人某He is telling the children a story.他正在给孩子们讲一个故事。Did you tell her the news? = Did you tell the news to her? 你把这个消息告诉她了 吗?4. brochure n.资料手册I ' ll send you the brochure right away.我会马上把资料手册给你寄过去5. agent n.代理人；经纪人He is now an agent.他现在是一名代理人。【联想记忆】agency n.代理处【拓展】travel agent; travel agency6.

9、soon adv.不久;彳艮，快;马上He will come back soon. 他很快就会回来。7. at the end of (August) 在(八月)底【反义】 at the beginning of【比较】at the end; at last; in the end 比较学习。8. swan n.天鹅This love story is about a swan prince and a swan princess.这是关于一个天鹅王子和一个天鹅公主的爱情故事。9. raise vt. 提升，举起He raised his arms above his head.他把手臂举过

10、头顶。比较 raise & riseraise 为 vt.rise 为 vi.The sun rises in the east.太阳从东方升起。10. national adj.国家的The national news comes after the international news. 国内新闻在国际新闻之后报道。【联想记忆】nationality n.国籍international adj.国际的nationn.国家nativeadj.当地的11. brick n.而专The wall is built of bricks and stones.这堵墙是石专石砌成的。12. s

11、tone n.石头；石料；岩石This is a stone building.这是一座石料建筑物。13. mountain n.高山；山岳Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world.珠穆朗玛是世界上最高的山峰。【联想记忆】mountainous adj.多山的14. ancient adj.古老的Have you ever read about ancient Rome? 你读过关于古罗马的故事吗？15. history n.历史History is my favourite subject at school.历史是我在学校中最喜爱的学科

12、。【联想记忆】historical adj.历史上的；有关历史的，修饰的人或事都是过去的真人真事a historical play 一部历史剧historic adj.有历史意义的，指奥地具有悠久历史或莫事被载入史册。a congress of historic significance具有历史意义的大会history n.历史。是过去发生的真事。story n.故事。叙述的事是过去的，但不一定发生过。16. interest n.吸引力；趣味；利润I found no interest in such things.我对这些不感兴趣。【联想记忆】interestv.使感兴趣intereste

13、d adj.感兴趣的；有兴趣的interesting adj. 有趣的17. holiday n.假期We really enjoyed our holiday. 我们假期玩得很开心。18. wonderful adj.精彩的；令人高兴的After a wonderful meal, they told stories and sang songs by the campfire.一顿美餐之后，他们就围着营火讲故事、唱歌。19. another pron.另一（事物或人）I would like another day to rest.我想再休息一天。比较 one the other 与 on

14、e another前者表示只有两样东西，除了一个，就是另一个，所知的东西确定；后者表示所存在的物体多于两个，所知的东西不确定。There ' s not a thing in his left hand. What about the other?他左手什么东西也没有。另一只手呢？（一共就两只手，除了一只就是另一只。）This jacket doesn ' t fit me well. Show me another, please.夹克不适合我。再拿一件给我看看。（商店里的服装不止一件，试完一件，再试剩下的许多件中的一件。）第二部分：重点句型1. I haven't

15、seen my cousins befOrfe.前没见过我的堂弟、 堂妹before在本句中是个副词，意为 在之前，在 以前”的意思，用于引导时间状语从句。They haven ' t been to the USA before#们以前没有去过美国。2. It ' s cheaper and more interestin稣火车）更便宜，而且更有趣。【比较】cheap和interesting两个形容词的比较级的不同之处。3. Let ' s talk to Mum and Kitty,；们跟妈妈还有凯蒂谈谈吧！talk to 意为 与交谈"。我们通常用tal

16、k to sb.或talk with sb.来表示 与交谈”的含义。They taught the little boy not to talk to strangers. 他们教育小男孩不要和陌生人说话。4. I ' m going to get some brochures from the travel agent打算至防长行社代理人那里拿些/卜册子。本例中，getfrom,意为 从处得到”。I get my pocket money of 200 yuan every month from my mother.我每月可从妈妈那儿拿到200 元零用钱。5. Yes, we 

17、9; d like to travel to Beijing by plane!的，我们想坐飞机去北京。(1) would like to do sth.意为 想要做奥事”，相当于 want to do sth.I ' d like to have a swim in the sea.我想去海里游泳。(=I want to have a swim in the sea.)(2)travel to 到“旅游”，相当于 have a trip to We will travel to Hainan Island this summer. 这个夏天想我们将去海南岛旅游。(相当于 We wil

18、l have a trip to Hainan Island this summer.)6. How long does it take to travel from Garden City to Beijing by plane?从花园城坐飞机去北京要多久？how long引导的特殊疑问句询问“时间)多久”，How long will it take you to go to school?你去学校要多久？易混辨析：how long与how farhow long多长”，指时间上的长短，通常用来询问时间。How long does it take you to get to the airp

19、ort? 你需要多长时间到达机场？how far多远”，指路程的远近，通常用来询问距离。How far is it from the school to your home? 从学校至4你家有多远？【注】如果孩子成绩较好，可帮孩子继续拓展总结how long, how soon, how fast, how far之间的区别7. How much does it cost?这要多少钱？how much引导的特殊疑问句用来询问“(价格)多少”。How much does this pen cost?这支钢笔多少钱?【注】带学生比较记忆cost, spend, pay, take8. We 

20、9; re going to visit Beijing on 16 August.我们计戈【J 8 月 16 日去游览北京。on 16 August是指 在8月16日”。在具体的日期之前用介词on。9. The Li family has arrived in Beijing. 李先生一家到达了 北京。（1） the Li family 指李先生一家”。本例中的family为单数，强调 家人；家庭”。而有时family也可 以表示家庭成员工此时它是一个集合名词，视作复数。【比较】 His family are all waiting for him.他的家人都在等他。（指家人）My fami

21、ly is large.我的家是一个大家庭。（指家庭）（2） arrive in意为 到达”。要注意与arrive at的区别。一般来说，arrive in后跟国家、城镇等地名，arrive at后常跟学校、机场、工厂等表示场所或地方的词。【比较】Flight NO. BA 4793 will arrive in London at 16:50.英国航空公司的4793号航班将于16时50分抵达伦敦。You must arrive at the airport two hours before the departure time.你必须在飞机起飞前两个小时到达机场。10. It is in t

22、he north-west of Beijing.它（颐和园）位于北京的西北部。in the north-west of是 在西北部”的意思。11. Tourists can see swans swimming on the lake.游客们可以见至fj天鹅在湖面上游泳。see sb/sth doing sth是 看到正在做奥事”的意思。试比较： see sb/sth do sth & see sb/sth doing sth前者强调看到了动作整个过程，而后者强调看到了动作的一个片段。I saw them playing football when I passed the play

23、ground.走过操场的时候，我看到他们正在踢足球。（强调在过操场的那个时刻所看到的东西）I saw them play football all afternoon yesterday.昨天我看到他们踢了 一下午足球。12. People built it a long time ago with bricks and stones.很久以前人们用石专和石头建造了它（指长城） with在本例中是 用”的意思，后面常常加工具”。【回忆】with的常见含义：a）和一起；b）有；拥有；带有c）用；使用13. It can hold more than one million people.它（指天

24、安门广场）可以容纳一百多万人。more than是超过；多于”的意思，与over （超过）意思相近。14. The children are planning to visit different places of interest in Beijing.孩子们正打算参观北京不同的名胜古迹。1) plan to do sth是 打算做”的意思；2) a place of interest是 名胜古迹”的意思。15. She is writing a letter to her cousin, Lucy.凯蒂正在给她的堂妹露西写信。write a letter to sb.是给写信”的意思，我

25、们可以简单地说成write to sb.I ' ll write to you again, Laura.劳拉，我还会再给你写信的。16. Ben and I had a wonderful time in Beijing. 我和本在北京玩得很开心。have a wonderful time 与 have a very good time 以及 enjoy oneself (复数：enjoy ourselves) 意思相近，都表示 玩得很高兴；过得很愉快。 ”Did you have a good time/ enjoy yourself last week in Beijing?上个

26、星期你在北京玩得开心吗？第三部分：语法点拨1 .形容词比较级将两个人物或事物进行比较，表示较”或 更”要用比较级，其构成方式简单叙述如下:构成法原级比较级最高级单音节词末尾+er和+estgreatgreatergreatest单音节词以e结尾，只+r和+stnicewisenicerwisernicestwisest重读闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个车轮字母，bigbiggerbiggest须先双写这个本轮字母，再 +er和+esthothotterhottest少数以y结尾的双音节形容词，如 y前为本需音字happyhappierhappiest母,贝U变y为i,再+er和+esteasye

27、asiereasiest其他双首下词和多首下词前加more和 mostcarefulbeautifulmore carefulmore beautifulmost carefulmost beautiful不规则变化goodbetterbestbad/badlyworseworstwell川manymoremostfarfartherfarthestmuchfurtherfurthestoldolderoldestlittlelessleasteldereldest2 .现在完成时（1）现在完成时的基本结构：have/has +动词的过去分词（2）现在完成时的用法：a）表示动作到现在为止已经完

28、成。常有以下状语（ always, yet, just, now, recently, lately , today 等）。例如：I have finished my work today.He has bought a new bike recently.b）表示过去发生的动作：一度（once）、曾经（ever）、未曾（never）。例如：I have seen the play twice.一Have you ever studied Greek ?一 No, never.c）可以表示由过去持续到现在（也许可继续进行下去）的动作或状态。常与 for, since引导的时 间状语连用，或与

29、“how 10ng连用。例如：I have collected the coins for many years.Margaret has studied ballet since she was a child.*注意：用现在完成时表示延续的概念时，只能用含延续意义的动词，不可用瞬间动词。例如：His grandfather has died for ages.（误）His grandfather has been dead for ages.（正）His grandfather died ages ago.（正）It is ages since his grandfather died.（

30、正）常用的瞬间动词有：arrive, become, begin, borrow, buy, close, come, die, fall, finish , get up,go, hear, join, leave, open, reach, receive, see, stop, start等。瞬间动词和延续性动词有时可以转换瞬间动词延续性动词瞬间动词延续性动词瞬间动词延续性动词arrive herebe herebegin/startbe onbecomebebuyhaveborrowkeepcome herebe herecatch a coldhave a colddiebe dea

31、dfall 川be illfinish/endbe overgo outbe outget tobe injoinbe a member ofleavebe away fromturn onbe ond）现在完成时中 have gone to 表示去了某处，人在所去的地方或途中；have been to 表示去过某处，但现在不在那里，have been in 表示一直在某处。Mark has gone to Beijing .马克到北京去了。She has been in Shanghai for a year 她在上海待了一年。He has been to Japan only once 他

32、只去过日本一次。3 .表方位的介词短语在生活中，表示方位的通常有四个正向和四个偏向，如下：北 north西W匕 north-west东 east西 west南 south东南 south-east西南 south-west东W匕 north-east【比较】in the ; on the ; oo the ofA is in the ofB A在B的内部某方位。Shanghai is in the east of China.上海在中国的东部。A is on the of B表示A与B是接壤的关系。Zhejiang is on the south of Jiangsu. 浙江在江苏的南面。A

33、is to the 10fB两地不接壤，有相隔开的海等。Japan is to the east of China.日本在中国的东面。（有海相隔）经典例题【词汇篇】例1. ()填空，补全下面的文章。Tian ' anmen Square is the centre of Beijing. It is a huge open area. can hold more than(一百万)people. Every morning, tourists can see soldiers(升起)the Chinese(国旗)in the square.【考点】介词的表达和词汇的应用【解析】介词短语

34、in the centre of,教师可适当拓展其他表方位的介词短语。see sb. doing sth表示看到某人正在做某事。该文章来源于牛津版教科书第一单元，看似简单的文章挖空后，会将学生平时学习时习 以为常而实际薄弱的知识点凸显由来。【答案】in ； one million; raising; national flag例 2. () Mary shows great(interesting) in computers.【考点】词性转换【解析】interest n.兴趣【答案】interest例 3. () There are more than two people in this c

35、ity.A. millionsB. million C. millions of D. million of【考点】million的用法【解析】million前有具体数字时，表示具体几百万，此时， million不需要加s; millions of表示上百万的。【答案】B【句型语法篇】例 4.( ) We' ll travel to the New York City.A. in 25 JuneB. on 25 JuneC. on the twenty-five of June D. at the twenty-fifth of July【考点】介词的时间表达【解析】在具体某个日期前要

36、用介词on; 25 June读作“ the twent-fifth of June【答案】B例 5. () It ' s to travel to Xinjiang by train than by plane.A. slowB. slowlyC. slowerD. more slowly【考点】形容词的比较级【解析】be动词后面应该用形容词，slow的比较级直接在词尾加er。【答案】C例 6. () The Lis have invited us them in the picnic this weekend.A. joinB. to joinC. joiningD. joined【

37、考点】不定式和动词短语【解析】invite sb. to do sth.【答案】B【能力篇】例7. ()阅读短文，根据首字母提示填入合适的单词使内容完整。I finished my cooking course in a college at the age of 21. I thought I was going to become a world famous cook. I hoped people would t 1 from all over the world just to get a taste of my food. But threemonths later, I knew I was wrong. Since nobody was traveling to t 2 my food, I decided I should t