Grammarandusage

1、121. My friend, who _ on the International Olympic Committee all his life, is retiring next month. (2006浙江浙江) A. served B. is serving C. had served D. has served 2. Although medical science _control over several dangerous diseases, what worries us is that some of them are returning. (2006江苏江苏) A. ac

2、hieved B. has achieved C. will achieve D. had achieve3. The construction of the two new railway lines _by now. (2006陕西陕西) A. has been completed B. have been completed C. has completed D. have completedDBA3 4. I wont tell the student the answer to the math problem until he _on it for more than an hou

3、r. (2006湖北湖北) A. has been working B. will have worked C. will have been working D. had worked 5. I got caught in the rain and my suit_. (2007北京北京) A. has ruined B. had ruined C. has been ruined D. had been ruined 6. When you get the paper back, pay special attention to what _. (2007四川四川) Ahave marke

4、d B. have been marked Chad marked D. had been markedACB4Present Perfect Tense & Present Perfect Continuous Tense5 Form: have/has + donePart A6The boy is very happy.The boy _ (catch) a bird.(Connection with the past: The boy caught a bird. Connection with the present: The boy is happy. )has caugh

5、t7Look, the window is open. Eric opened the door just now.Eric _(already open) the window.(Connection with the past: Eric opened the window. Connection with the present: The window is open.)has already opened8We use the present perfect tense to talk about things that happened in the recent past, but

6、 are connected to the present.Summary (1):9has livedDaniel _ (live) in Beijing since he came to China.(Connection with the past: Daniel came to China.Connection with the present: Daniel is living in China.)10We use the present perfect tense to talk about something that started in the past, and is st

7、ill happening now. came has lived _ past now future Summary (2):11The boys are tired. They _ (just play) a ball game.(Connection with the past: The boys played a ball game. Connection with the present: The boys are tired.) has just played12We use the present perfect tense to talk about actions that

8、were completed only a short time ago. Summary (3):13 I went to Egypt in 1986. I went to Egypt in 2004. I _ (be) to Egypt twice. have been14We can also use the present perfect tense for repeated actions. Summary (4):15 _it ever _ (snow) in Hong Kong?No, it _ never _ (snow) there. Has snowed has snowe

9、d16We use the present perfect tense when the exact time of an action is not clear or important. We use it with time expressions such as:already, ever, for, just, lately, never, recently, since, yetSummary (5):17 We use already for affirmative statements and yet for negative statements and interrogat

10、ive sentences2. We use for + a period of time and since + a point of time.3. Structures connected with the present perfect tense: 1) It is (has been) +a period of time +since-clause. 2) This (That/It) is the first (second) time + that-clause (present perfect tense). 3) This (That/It) is the only + t

11、hat-clause (present perfect tense). 4) This (That/It) is the best/ finest /most interesting + that-clause.Notes:18Exercises:My friend Jack has just sent me an e-mail, telling me about his travels around the world. He (1) _ (just be) to Qomolangma Base Camp and (2)_ (see) a Yeti there. He is still ve

12、ry excited about it. He (3)_(visit) the Great Pyramid in Egypt too. He says that he (4)_ (love) Egypt but he (5)_(not visit) all the pyramids yet. He (6)_(swim) in Loch Ness, but luckily he (7)_(never meet) the Loch Ness Monster! He (8)_(dive) in the Indian Ocean many times looking for treasure. Alt

13、hough he (9)_(find) many sunken ships, he (10)_(not find) any treasure. _(11) he _(be) to the Great Wall before? Im not surebut I have!sawhas visitedloves hasnt visitedhas swumhas never methas divedhas foundhasnt foundHasbeenhas just been19Present Perfect Continuous Tense Part BForm: have/has + been

14、 + doing20The boy started having dinner five minutes ago. He is still having dinner now.The boy _ (have) dinner since five minutes ago. has been having21The man started working in the field half an hour ago. He is still working now.The man _ (work) in the field for half an hour. has been working22Su

15、mmary 1:1. We use the present perfect continuous tense to talk about actions that started in the past and are still continuing.I have not been sleeping well since I returned home. _ past presentnot being able to sleep wellIm still not sleeping well.I returned home.23Summary 2:We also use the present

16、 perfect continuous tense to talk about actions that have just finished but are still connected to the present in some way.Kelly: Sorry Im late. Have you been waiting long? Mavis: Yes. Ive been waiting for an hour._ past one hour ago present Mavis started waiting for Kelly.Kelly arrives.24 have been

17、 observing have been talking have been taking have been watching have seen have been writing251. We use the present perfect tense to talk about an action completed in the recent past, and the present perfect continuous tense for an action that started in the past and is still happening. Part C Compa

18、rison26 _ past & past past now future_ past & past past now futurePPT:have donehave been doingPPCT27 Li Jia _ (read) a book about Stonehenge. (She finished reading the book.) Li Jia _ (read) a book about Stonehenge. (She is still reading the book.) has read has been reading28 2. We can use t

19、he present perfect tense for repeated actions, and the present perfect continuous tense for non-stop actions.29 I _Egypt many times. (repeated actions) The man _ (skate) this morning. (non-stop action) has visited has been skating303. We usually use the present perfect tense to ask questions beginni

20、ng with how many or how much, and the present perfect continuous tense to ask questions beginning with how long .31 How long have you been swimming in the lake? How many times have you swum in the lake?324. We can use either a state verb or an action verb with the present perfect tense but we usuall

21、y can only use an action verb with the present perfect continuous tense.331) She has had the pen for 2 years.2) She has written many compositions with this pen.3) She has been writing compositions with this pen.state verbaction verbaction verb34 5. We use the present perfect tense, not the present p

22、erfect continuous tense, with the words like never, yet, already and ever. ( ) I have never visited America. ( ) I have already been to America. ( ) I have never been visiting America. 351. Although he has lived with us for years, he _ us much impression. hadnt left didnt leave C. doesnt leave D. ha

23、snt left Multiple choiceD362. How can you possibly miss the news? It _ on TV all day long. A. has been B. had been C. was D. will be1. A Multiple choice373.- _ Dad and Vicky _ married?A. How long were, being B. How long, haveC. How long have, beenD. How long did, get CMultiple choice384. The old cou

24、ple have been married for 40 years and never once _ with each other. they had quarreled B. they have quarreledC. have they quarreled D. had they quarreled CMultiple choice395. - How long _ at the job? - Since 1990. A.were you employed B. have you been employed C. had you been employed D. will you be

25、en employed BMultiple choice406. I wonder why Jenny _ us recently. We should have heard from her by now. hasnt written doesnt write C. wont write A.D. hadnt written AMultiple choice41 Discuss the differences between the present perfect tense and the present perfect continuous tense, then tick the co

26、rrect part according to the information given.Part D: Discussion42(state verb )(only action verbs)(state verbs & action verbs)43Make up dialogues with the present perfect tense and the present perfect continuous tense.Practice44 In this period weve learned about the Present Perfect Tense and the Present Perfect Continuous Tense. Then we spent quite much time in learning the usages of these two items of grammar. So todays homework is:1) Go through what we learnt today and get familiar with them.2) Finish the exercises on