英语范文+方法+万能公式等

1、英语范文+方法+万能公式等1 高中英语作文常用句型一、根据衔接词本身在文章中起到的作用，主要分为以下四类，即“起”、“承”、“转”、“合”。（一）表示“起”的词/词组：用于开篇引出扩展句。at first 最初 for one thing（for another）at present 现在；当今 首先（其次）currently 目前；最后 recently最近first（ly）第一 in general 一般说来in the beginning 起初 one the one hand（on the other hand）to begin with 首先；第一 一方面（另一方面）fir

2、st of all 首先；第一 generally speaking 一般地说in the first place 首先；第一 on the whole 总起来说lately 最近 to start with 首先；第一presently 现在；此刻 now 现在（二）有关“承”的常用词语：用来承接上文。after/after that/afterwards此后 by this time 此时after a few days 几天以后 certainly 无疑地；当然地after a while过了一会儿 therefore 因此；结果also/too 并且；又 for example 例如a

3、t the same time 同时 for instance 例如beside 此外 for this purpose 为了这个目的Besides/what,s more 而且；此外 from now on 从此in addition 此外 second 第二；第二点in addition to 除之外 secondly 第二in fact 事实上 similarly 同样地in other words 换句话说 so 所以in particular 特别（地） soon 不久in the same way 同样地 still 仍然by the way 顺便提一句 then 然后indeed

4、 的确 third 第三；第三点meanwhile 与此同时 thirdly 第三moreover 而且，此外 for another 其次no doubt 无疑地 such as 正如obviously 明显地 later 后来of course当然 truly 事实上；真实地particularly特别地 unlike 不像；和不同what is more 而且；此外（三）有关“转”的常用词语：用来表示不同或相反的意见。after all 毕竟 fortunately 幸运地all the same 依然；照样 however 然而；无论如何anyway 无论如何 in spite of

5、尽管；虽然at the same time同时；然而 luckily 幸运地but 但是 by this time 此时though/although 尽管 no doubt 无疑地in/by contrast 对比之下 on the contrary 相反地even though即使 otherwise 否则still 仍然 unfortunately 不幸地in fact 事实上 unlike 不像；和不同as a matter of fact 事实上 yet仍；然而；但是especially 特别地（四）有关“合”的常用词语：用于小结上文或结束本段落的内容。above all 最重要的是

6、 accordingly 于是as a result结果 in sum 总之，简而言之as has been noted 如前所述 in summary 简要地说as I have said 如我所述 on the whole 总体来说；整个看来at last 最后 therefore 因此by and large 一般说来 thus 因此briefly 简单扼要地 to speak frankly 坦白地说by doing so 如此 to sum up 总而言之eventually 最后 surely 无疑finally 最后 to conclude 总而言之in brief 简言之 no

7、 doubt 毫无疑问in conclusion 总之，最后 undoubtedly 无疑in short 简而言之 truly 的确in a word 总之 so 所以certainly 当然地；无疑地 obviously 显然all in all 总之二、根据衔接词本身的意思和文章连接所需要的逻辑意义，可分为以下14类。（一）表示因果关系as a resultHe never studied hard, and as a result he failed in the last examination.as a result ofHe is late for work as a resul

8、t of traffic accident.accordinglyHe wanted to buy a radio for study English, and accordingly her mother bought it for him.because（of）We are delayed because of a traffic jam.due toHis success is due to his excellent work.owing toOwing to his absence, our meeting is not held.thanks toThanks to a good

9、teacher, she passed the examination.now thatNow that you have grown up, you must earn for yourself.so long asYou could realize your dream so long as you try it again and again.sinceSince you are here now, you,d better give a hand.in thatThe policy is harmful in that it may encourage people to give u

10、p.so thatThe office speaks at the top of his voice so that every soldier could hear him.thereforeThere is a calculating mistakes there, therefore, the answer is wrong.（二）表示解释关系as a matter of factI will go there this morning, as a matter of fact, I am only 10 minutes, drive from you.as wellI will go

11、there. My friend will go with me as well.frankly speakingFrankly speaking, I am not very satisfactory with your words.in this caseIn this case, I will go there as soon as possible.（三）表示推理关系or elseHurry up, or else you,ll be late.otherwiseYou must carry this passport, otherwise you will be stopped by

12、 the guard.if soIf so, it will make a great difference.（四）表示递进关系in additionI need your help. In addition, I also need her support.besidesFirst, we must work hard. Besides, we must work with a creative mind.and moreoverThe hat is the right size for you, and moreover, it goes well with your skin.that

13、is to sayThe stock price is declining, that is to say, I am losing money.in other wordsI am not hungry, in other words, I really dislike the food in this canteen.equally importantYou should read more news from newspapers, and equally important, keep an eye on the news from the radio.what,s moreIt is

14、 harmful to my health, and what,s more, it is no good to my work.last but not leastLast but bot least, my thanks should go to every member of my class.（五）表示比较关系equallyAs a teacher, I should teach well, but equally, I should study well.in the same wayIt is such a coincidence that we figure it out in

15、the same way.in contrast toIn contrast to your belief, I quite disagree with you.insteadIf you dont go, I,ll go instead.on the contraryYou thought I like it. On the contrary, I dislike it.in contrastIt is hot in the daytime, but in contrast it,s very cold at night.whileWe are happy in China, while m

16、ost Africans live unhappily.英语作文万能句子一、熟记以下句型want to do sth    help sb with sth   Help sb do sth  ask sb to do sthforget to do sth   take sb to sp    stop doing sth   get/Tell sb to do sthsee sb do sth   see sb doing sth 

17、  hear sb doing sth   be angry with sbteach sb to do    fill A with B     decide to do sth    like doing sthhope/wish to do sth    remember/forget to do sth   begin/start to do sthThere is/are sb doing sth 

18、;  it is kind/dangerous of/for sb to do sthso+adj/advthat+句子    it takes sb some time to do sthNotuntil   it is happy/glad/sadto do sthHow+adj+主语+bel    What+a/an+adj+名词（单）！  Too+形容词/副词+to do sth二、掌握以下词组be good at   be late for  

19、be worried about   be interested in    be busy dong sthbe afraid of   on ones way to+地点 have a good time   have a resthave sth done   look after   look over   look like   look the same    look atlook+

20、形容词   get ready for   Get on/off    get up     get down   get toturn on/off/up/down    learn from sb   do well in   take away   take sb to sptake sth with sb   take ones temperatur

21、e   take off   give up doing    pick upput up   put down   put on   put sth+介词+地点  go away   go on doing    go intogo out of    go back to   go home   go along  

22、; make friends   make ones bed三、熟练掌握以下搭配Listen to the music   talk to sb   read books  write a diary   walk to school  smile to sb run on the playground    take jumping exercise See a film    watch TV   as

23、k sb for help  tell stories   sit at table  lie on the bed Sleep in bed   play basketball/football   Sing a song   laugh at sb  have breakfast/lunch/supper   Clean my bedroom   swim in the riverlay on the ground

24、0;   teach me English  throw about litter Wear a red coat  fall off/down on go shopping/fishing/swimming/boating  do some cooking/washing/shpping   ride a bike to sp 混淆点：lie（躺）-lay-lain-lying   lay（放置/下蛋）-laid-laid-layingfeel（感觉）-felt-felt-feeli

25、ng       fall（跌倒）-fell-fallen-fallingdie（死）-died-died-dying-dead（形）-death（名）四、句子中只能出现以下谓语结构1、行为动词（表示动作和状态的词）原形  单三  过去式2、系动词+表语（形容词为主）feel/taste/smell/look/sound+形be+形/名/介短/数get/turn/become+形（名）keep+形3、情态动词+行为动词原形can/may/must/need(not)+v4、助动词+行为动词be+vingdo not

26、/does not/did not/+vhave/has/had+过去分词be+过去分词（被动语态）will/would/be going to+v原五、真正理解五种简单名结构1、主语+不及物动词2、主语+及物动词+宾语3、主语+系动词+表语4、主语+及物动词+间接宾语（人）+直接宾语（物）5、主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语的补足语说明：及物和不及物动词就是句子的谓语，不外乎以上四种谓语结构六、添加剂现在把主要连接词，分类列下，供大家参考。常见的有 when   before  after  as soon as表示“反意见”：But,however 然而，

27、如：Jim is intelligent but lazy.表示“举例示范”：For example, in other words,换句话说常用的名言和谚语Better early than late.宁早勿迟It is never too late to learn.学习永远不嫌晚。Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者事竟成。Health is better than wealth.健康胜于财富。Parents are the first teachers of the children.父母是孩子的第一任老师。Time waits for n

28、o man.时不待人。Knowledge is power.知识就是力量。开头句子： As we know, we students are very tired because of study.Just as the saying goes: “Every coin has its two sides”,television has both advantages and disadvantages.正像谚语所说：“任何硬币都有两面”，电视即有优点也有缺点。The problem of .is important/serious/.to us. Now let me talk someth

29、ing about it.结尾句子：In a word,I think I will have a good time in                    I believe everything will be better in the fulture.             

30、;       I am sure the world must be better if we all give our love to others./if we all make a contribution to it.Let us do it hard/try our best to do it.英语作文万能句子高考英语作文常用修辞手法文章最忌语言枯燥无味，一篇好的作文，语言应该生动形象。而恰当地运用修辞手法，可以使文字新鲜活泼、具体逼真，大大增强艺术表现力，扩大语言表达的范围；而且还可以激发读者的想象，给人留下深刻的印象。

31、下面介绍一些英语作文中常用的修辞手法。 1. 比喻 (metaphor) 比喻就是打比方。可分为明喻和暗喻： 明喻 (simile)： 用like, as, as.as, as if(though) 或用其他词语指出两个不同事物的相似之处。例如： O my loves like a red, red rose. 我的爱人像一朵红红的玫瑰花。 The man cant be trusted. He is as slippery as an eel. 那个人不可信赖。他像鳗鱼一样狡猾。 He jumped as if he ha

32、d been stung.他像被蜇了似的跳了起来。 Childhood is like a swiftly passing dream. 童年就像一场疾逝的梦。 暗喻 (metaphor)： 用一个词来指代与该词所指事物有相似特点的另外一个事物。例如： He has a heart of stone. 他有一颗铁石心肠。 The world is a stage. 世界是一个大舞台。 2. 换喻(metonymy) 用某一事物的名称代替另外一个与它关系密切的事物的名称，只要一提到其中一种事物，就会使人联想到另一种。比如用th

33、e White House 代替美国政府或者总统， 用the bottle来代替wine 或者alcohol， 用the bar 来代替the legal profession，用 crown代替 king等。例如： His purse would not allow him that luxury. 他的经济条件不允许他享受那种奢华。 The mother did her best to take care of the cradle. 母亲尽最大努力照看孩子。 He succeeded to the crown in 1848. 他在1848年继承了王位。&#

34、160;3. 提喻 (synecdoche) 指用部分代表整体或者用整体代表部分，以特殊代表一般或者用一般代表特殊。例如： He earns his bread by writing. 他靠写作挣钱谋生。 The farms were short of hands during the harvest season. 在收获季节里农场缺乏劳动力。 Australia beat Canada at cricket. 澳大利亚队在板球比赛中击败了加拿大队。 He is the Newton of this century. 他是这个世纪的牛顿。&#

35、160;4. 拟人 (personification) 把事物或者概念当作人或者具备人的品质的写法叫拟人。例如： My heart was singing. 我的心在歌唱。 This time fate was smiling to him. 这一次命运朝他微笑了。 The flowers nodded to her while she passed. 当她经过的时候花儿向她点头致意。 The wind whistled through the trees. 风穿过树丛，树叶哗哗作响。 5. 委婉 (euphemism) 用

36、温和的、间接的词语代替生硬的、粗俗的词语，以免直接说出不愉快的事实冒犯别人或者造成令人窘迫、沮丧的局面。例如： 用to fall asleep; to cease thinking; to pass away; to go to heaven; to leave us 代替 to die 用senior citizens代替old people 用 a slow learner或者an under achiever代替a stupid pupil 用weight watcher代替 fat people 用mental hospital 代替

37、madhouse或者 asylum 用emotionally disturbed代替mad 用washroom, mens / womens room代替 lavatory 用 handicapped代替 crippled 用low income brackets; underprivileged; disadvantaged 代替 poor people 6. 双关 (pun) 用同音异义或者一词二义来达到诙谐幽默的效果：表面上是一个意思，而实际上却暗含另一个意思，这种暗含的意思才是句子真正的目的所在。例如： A cann

38、onball took off his legs, so he laid down his arms. (arms可指手臂或者武器) 一发炮弹打断了他的腿，所以他缴械投降了。 “Can I try on that gown in the window?” asked a would-be customer. “Certainly not, madam!” replied the salesman. 我可以试穿一下橱窗里的那件睡袍吗？或者：我可以在橱窗里试穿那件睡袍吗？ Seven days without water make one weak (wee

39、k). 七天没有水使一个人虚弱。或者：七天没有水就是一周没有水。 7. 反语 (irony) 使用与真正意义相反的词，正话反说或者反话正说，从对立的角度运用词义来产生特殊的效果。下面就是莎士比亚的戏剧 Julius Caesar 中的一个运用反语的很好的例子，Brutus出于野心刺杀了 Caesar, Caesar 的好友Antony 讥讽Brutus 说： Here, under leave of Brutus and the rest For Brutus is an honorable man; So are they all, all

40、honorable men Come I to speak in Caesars funeral. He was my friend, faithful and just to me: But Brutus says he was ambitious; And Brutus is an honorable man. 在 Antony 的话里反复使用 honorable这个词就是一个反语的例子。 8. 矛盾修饰 (oxymoron) 把相互矛盾的两个词用在一起的修辞方法。它利用词义表面的相互矛盾使表层的不和谐统一在思想内容的深

41、层，从而揭示事物对立统一的本质特征，达到加深印象的目的。例如： She read the long-awaited letter with a tearful smile. 她带着含泪的微笑读那封盼望已久的信。 The coach had to be cruel to be kind to his trainees.教练为了对他的受训者仁慈就要对他们残酷。 During his useful life he often felt he was useless. 在他大有作为的一生中他老是感到自己无用。 其他还有sweet pain; thunderous

42、 silence; luxurious poverty; heavy lightness; living death; impossible hope 等等。 9. 轭式搭配 (zeugma) 把适用于某一事物的词语顺势用到另外一事物上的方法。在同一个句子里一个词可以修饰或者控制两个或更多的词，它可以使语言活泼，富有幽默感。例如： She opened the door and her heart to the homeless boy. 她对那无家可归的男孩打开了房门，也敞开了胸怀。 As I left home after breakfast, I

43、shivered inwardly as well as outwardly. 早餐之后我离开家的时候，我的里里外外都在颤抖。 I would my horse had the speed of your tongue. 我希望我的马能有你的舌头的速度。 10. 移位修饰(transferred epithet) 将本应该用来修饰某一类名词的修饰语用来修饰另一类名词。例如： There was a short, thoughtful silence. 出现了一阵短暂的、令人沉思的寂静。 The old man put a reassuring

44、hand on my shoulder. 老人把一只令人安心的手放在我的肩膀上。 He closed his busy life at the age of sixty. 在六十岁时他结束了他那忙碌的一生。 This is the cheapest market in this country. 这是这个国家最便宜的市场了。 11. 头韵 (alliteration) 两个或者更多的词以相同的音韵或者字母开头就构成头韵。例如： proud as a peacock blind as a bat safe and sound&

45、#160;Long and loudly little Lily laughed. 小莉莉长时间地、大声地笑着。 The windows waved violently in the wind. 窗户在风中剧烈地摇动。 The sun sank slowly. 太阳慢慢地下沉。 12. 渐进 (climax) 根据事物的逻辑关系，由小到大，由轻到重，由浅到深，由低到高，由少到多依次渐进地进行描述或论述。这种整齐的结构可以使人们的思想认识一层层深化提高，增强语言的感染力和说服力。例如： I came; I saw; I conquer. 我来了；

46、我看到了；我征服。 Reading maketh a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man. 读书使人充实；交谈使人机智；写作使人精确。 Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested. 书有可浅尝者，有可吞咽者，更有少数须消化咀嚼者。 Lincoln recognized worth in the common people; he loved th

47、e common people; he fought for the common people; and he died for the common people. 林肯认识到平民大众的价值；他热爱平民大众；他为平民大众而斗争；他为平民大众而献身。1 结尾万能公式一：如此结论说完了，毕竟要归纳一番，相信各位都有这样的经历，领导长篇大论，到最后终于冒出个“总而言之”之类的话，我们马上停止开小差，等待领导说结束语。也就是说，开头很好，也必然要有一个精彩的结尾，让读者眼前一亮，这样，你就可以拿高分了！比如下面的例子：obviously（此为过渡短语）, we can draw the concl

48、usion that good manners arise from politeness and respect for others. 如果读者很难“显而见之”，但说无妨，就当读者的眼光太浅罢了！ 更多过渡短语： to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus 更多句型： thus, it can be concluded that, therefore, we can find that 2结尾万能公式二：如此建议如果说“如此结论”是结尾最没用的废话，那么“如此建议”应该是最有价值的废话了，因为这里虽然也是废话，但

49、是却用了一个很经典的虚拟语气的句型。拽！ obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve the problem. 这里的虚拟语气用得很经典，因为考官本来经常考这个句型，而如果我们自己写出来，你说考官会怎么想呢？ 更多句型： accordingly, i recommend that some measures be taken. consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be taken.高考英语文章主体段落三大杀手锏一、举实例思维短路，举实例

50、！提出一个观点，举实例！提出一个方案，举实例！而且者也是我们揭示一个观点最好的方式，任何情况下，只要我们无法继续文章，不管三七二十一，尽管举例子！ in order to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted every possible stimulative factor in making ads, such as sound, light, colours, cartoon films and human performance. for instance, to advertise a certain food,

51、advertisers will ask an actor or actress to sit at a table and devour the seemingly delicious food while they fime him or her. 更多句型：to take as an example, one example is, another example is, for example 二、做比较方法：写完一个要点，比较与之相似的；又写完一个要点，再比较与之相反的；世界上没有同样的指纹，没有相同的树叶，文章亦同，只有通过比较，你才会发现二者的相同点（through compar

52、ison）和不同点（through contrast）。下面是一些短语： 相似的比较： in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner 相反的比较： on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with , 三、换言之没话说了,可以换一句话再说，让你的文章在多一些字，或者文邹邹地说，是让读者更充分的理解你的观点。实际就是重复重复再重复！下面的句子实际上就三个字

53、i love you! i am enthusiastic about you. that is to say, i love you. i am wild about you. in other words, i have fallen in love with you. 或者上面我们举过的例子： i cannot bear it. 可以用短语表达：i cannot put up with it. 因此可以这样说：i cannot bear it. that is to say, i cannot put up with it or i am fed up with it. 更多短语： in

54、 more difficult language, in simpler words, put it more simply  、书信写作要求书信(Letter)一般可分为事务信件或公函(Business Letter or Offical Correspondence)以及私人信件(Private Letter)两大类。一般包括以下几个要点：1） 收信人的姓名和地址；2） 寄信人的姓名及其与收信人的关系；3） 寄信人的地址（有时可以省略）；4） 写信的时间；5） 信的内容。1. 书信的格式1） 信头(Heading)；2） 称呼(Salutation)；3） 正文(Bod

55、y of the letter)；4） 结束语(Complimentary close)；5） 签名(signature)。2. 书信的种类1） 邀请信邀请信有正式和非正式之分，也有介于两者之间者。正式邀请信一般属于公函类，私人邀请信一般属于非正式文体。邀请朋友、熟人参加某一聚会时，再词句上不一定多加斟酌，用词太正规倒显得关系不密切。但是如果与被邀请人不太熟悉的话，最好用正式文体。如虽认识但并不十分了解，文体可介于两个者之间。由此可见，私人邀请究竟用什么文体，关键看与被邀请人之间的亲疏的程度。邀请信要明确写出活动（是晚会、晚餐还是一般的聚会等）、活动的时间地点组织这项活动的理由，有时还应告诉对

56、方可能出席的人，另外一般希望对方给予答复。（1） 非正式邀请信，如；26 Coventry St.LondonSept. 15th, 1999.Dear Jack,I am going to the cinema to see the Red River Valley and I have two tickets. Would you like to come? The film starts at 7:30 p.m. Maybe we can meet at the Covent Garden Station at 7:00 p.m. and have a drink before the film starts. Please phone me at home to let me know.Looking forward to seeing you.LoveMary这封信是写给朋友的，所以用语比较随便，