完型解题技巧学生版 (2)

1、完 形 填 空 解 题 微 技 巧完形填空属于对英语语言知识的综合运用能力的考查，解题中需要运用很多技巧，现结合2010年的高考试题对这些技巧分析如下：一、利用复现关系解题复现是行文不可避免要使用的一种词汇衔接手段，它通过原词、同(近)义词、概括词等形式重复某一信息。复现包括原词复现、同根词复现、同(近)义复现、反义复现和解释型复现等。看下面的例子：Introduction to Letters to SamDear Reader,Please allow me to tell you something before you read this book. When my 36 , Sam,

2、 was born, my heart was filled with joy. I had been sitting in a wheelchair for 20 years before then, and I have been (37. seriously) ill many times. So I wondered if I would have the (38. time) to tell Sam what I had (39. observed).For years I have been hosting a program on the 40 and writing artic

3、les for a magazine. Being 41 to move freely, I have learned to sit still and keep my heart 42 , exchanging thoughts with thousands of listeners and 43 . So when Sam was born, I (44. decided) to tell him about school and friendship, romance and work, love and everything else. Thats how I started to w

4、rite these 45 . I hoped that Sam would (46. read) them sooner or later. (2010年重庆卷)36. A. sonB. nephew C. brother D. grandson40. A. radioB. television C. stage D. bed 41. A. ready B. unable C. anxious D. eager 42. A. warm B. broken C. closed D. open43. A. hosts B. visitors C. readers D. reporters 45.

5、 A. letters B. emails C. books D. diaries 二、利用语境共现解题完形填空的文章是一个意义相关联的语篇，围绕一个话题展开，因此在行文中语境的共现是不可避免的。看下面的例子：(2010年江苏卷) Another persons enthusiasm was what set me moving toward the success I have achieved. That person was my stepmother.I was nine years old when she entered our home in rural Virginia. My

6、 father (36. introduced) me to her with these words: “I would like you to meet the fellow who is 37 for being the worst boy in this county and will probably start throwing rocks at you no 38 than tomorrow morning. ” 37. A. distinguished B. favored C. mistaken D. rewarded38. A. sooner B. later C. lon

7、ger D. earlier本文为夹叙夹议类记叙文。作者通过讲述继母对于自己以及一家人的改变所起的作用，让我们明白一个深刻的道理：热情的有效释放，将会成为人前进的巨大动力。三、利用上下文逻辑关系解题只有明确文章结构，了解段与段之间、句与句之间的逻辑关系，才能加深对文章的理解，从而在空白处填入正确的词语，这就要求考生熟悉和掌握一些常用的表示逻辑关系的词语。 (2010年北京卷) I met Mrs. Neidl in the ninth grade on a stage-design team for a play and she was one of the directors. Almost

8、 instantly I loved her. She had an unpleasant voice and a direct way of speaking, 36 she was encouraging and inspiring. For some reason, she was impressed with my work and me. 36. A. and B. yet C. so D. for四、利用文化背景和生活常识解题完形填空以完整的语篇信息为基础，其问题交织渗透着各类相关的文化背景知识和生活常识，考查考生灵活运用该方面知识的能力。现以2010年陕西卷为例分析如下：I us

9、ed to live selfishly, I should admit. But one moment changed me.I was on my lunch break and had 26 the office to get something to eat. On the way, I 27 a busker (街头艺人), with a hat in front of him. I had some 28 in my pocket, but I would not give them to him, thinking to myself he would (29. only) us

10、e the money to feed his addiction to drugs or alcohol. He (30. looked) like that type young and ragged. (31. But) what was I going to spend the money on? Only to feed my addiction to Coca-Cola or chocolate! I then (32. realized) I had no right to place myself above (33. him) just because he was busk

11、ing.26. A. left B. cleaned C. prepared D. searched27. A. led B. chose C. saw D. fooled28. A. chocolates B. coins C. tins D. drugs本文是一篇记叙文。文章记叙的是发生在作者身上的一件真实的事情。正是这件事情改变了作者，让他认识到“给予”本身就是一种快乐。前三空可利用生活常识解题。五、利用固定搭配或习惯表达解题运用词语间的搭配关系，考生经常可以无需过度依赖上下文信息而直接确定答案，即使确定不了答案，也往往可以排除一些明显不符合搭配关系的选项，缩小选择范围，提高答案的准确率

12、。(2010年江西卷)When Alice started to cycle home from Jennys house, she wasnt nervous. She was certainly not afraid of the dark. (36. Besides), it was only a 15-minute ride home. But halfway there, she began to wish that she hadnt been so (37. brave).As she rounded a sharp bend, it suddenly (38. grew) co

13、ldvery cold. Alices breath became puffs of white cloud and her legs were so cold that it became hard to ride.With her heart beating fast, she struggled so hard to move (39. forward) that she didnt hear the car which suddenly appeared beside her. She stopped by the road. The big black car also (40. s

14、topped). Slowly, the passenger-window began to slide down. Alice held her breath. In the soft light inside the car, something (41. moved). Then, the light brightened and Alice was staring at a sweet, grey-haired old lady. “Hello, dear,” said the old lady.“I need (42. help). Im afraid Im lost. I need

15、 to find the nearest airport. I must be there in the next five minutes.”“Airport? You (43. certainly) are lost,” Alice said. “You need to go back five kilometers (44. until) you reach the T-junction. Turn left and (45. drive) for about another 10 kilometers to the main highway. From there, just foll

16、ow the (46. signs) to the airport. But Im afraid theres no 47 youll get there in five minutes!”“Thank you very much, dear,” replied the old lady. “Dont worryIll 48 in time.”47. A. doubt B. room C. time D. way48. A. have itB. get it C. make it D. finish it本文是一篇记叙文。爱丽丝骑自行车在寒冷的夜晚从珍妮家艰难地回家。在路上，遇到一位因去机场而

17、迷路的驾着黑色小车的老妇人，爱丽丝尽其所能地帮助了这位老人。 六、利用语篇结构层次解题完形填空的取材多为完整性、严密性非常好的文章。如果是记叙文，其故事结构完整包括事件的时间、地点、人物、起因、发展以及结局等。如果是说明文，应该层次分明、一目了然。如果是议论文，应论点明确、论证严密。基于完形填空取材的上述特点，我们可以从中得知一些解题信息。例如：(2010年安徽卷) First of all, a pen should fit comfortably in your hand and be (40. easy) to use. The thickness of the pen is the m

18、ost important characteristic (特征) (41. determining) comfort. Having a small hand and thick fingers, you may be comfortable with a thin pen. If you have a (42. larger) hand and thicker fingers, you may (43. prefer) a fatter pen. The length of a pen can (44. also) influence comfort. A pen that is too

19、(45. long) can easily feel top-heavy and unstable.Then, the writing point of the pen should (46. allow) the ink to flow evenly (均匀地) while the pen remains in touch with the paper. (47. This) will make it possible for you to create a (48. smooth) line of writing. The point should also be sensitive en

20、ough to (49. prevent) ink from running when the pen is lifted. A point that does not block the (50. flow) may leave drops of ink, (51. as) you pick the pen up and put it down again. 52 , the pen should make a thick, dark line. Fine-line pens may (53. compensate for) bad handwriting, but fine, delica

21、te lines do not command (54. attention) next to printed text, as, (55. for example), a signature on a printed letter. A broader line, on the other hand, gives an impression of confidence and authority (权威).52. A. Meanwhile B. Generally C. Afterwards D. Finally本文为说明文，介绍的是选购钢笔的一些方法与技巧。七、读好段落首句，推测全文内容完

22、形填空通常首句不设空，目的是让考生迅速进入主题，熟悉语言环境，建立正确的思维导向。读好第一句不仅能把握文章大意，而且能把握住作者的态度：对于此事是褒是贬？态度不同选用的词汇自然就不同。在读了第一句后，不妨略作停顿，推测一下故事的发展。有了与作者同样的思路便有了良好的开端，避免走弯路。【例】Behind our house is the start of a fascinating trail (小径). This trail is one of the old roads that wind through untold miles of forest. My 36 , Beans, and

23、I walk the trail frequentlyBeans is a white dog, quite handsome and (2010 湖南)36.A. deer B. dog C. ladyD. man【解析】B。根据第二段第一句Beans is a white dog可判断选B。短文的第一句话提到作者的房子后面是一条小径的开始。据此，我们可以推测出此后的内容肯定和这条小径以及作者的这条狗有关。八、妙用语境一般来说，完形填空的四个选项词性相同，如都是动词原形、副词、名词复数形式等。所以要注意他们之间在意义上的细微差异。同时，一定要把这些选项放到特定的语境里进行区分、辨别，从而选出

24、正确答案。【例1】 Beans is a white dog, quite handsome and very 38 . He not only understands what we tell him, but also often makes sounds (2010 湖南)38.A. smart B. sweet C. slow D. shy【例2】Moody faces 34 in three years, when he hopes to run the foundation full-time. (2010 天津)34.A. unemployment B. challenge C.

25、 competition D. retirement 完形填空专项练习 (一) AWhen you make a mistake, big or small, cherish (珍视) it like its the most precious thing in the world. Most of us feel 1 when making mistakes. Thats only natural: we were taught from a young age that we should try to 2 mistakes. We are always 3 when we make mi

26、stakes at home, school or work.Yet without mistakes, we couldnt learn or 4 . If you think about it that way, mistakes should be celebrated for being one of the most 5 things in the world: they make learning possible; they make growth and 6 possible.Think about how we 7 : we dont just get information

27、 about something and instantly know it or know how to do it. You dont 8 read about painting, writing or computer programming, and know how to do them right away. 9 , you get information about something from reading or from another person or from observing usually. Then you 10 a model in your mind. T

28、hen you test it out by 11 it in the real world. Then you make mistakes. Then you revise the 12 according to the results. And you 13 that making mistakes, learning from them 14 youve learned how to do something.Thats how we learn as babies and as 15 .Mistakes happen when we learn to do something 16 b

29、ecause if you succeed at something, its probably something you have already known how to do. You havent really grown much from that 17 at most its the last step on your journey, not the 18 journey. Most of the journey was made up of 19 , if its a good journey.So if you 20 learning, growing and impro

30、ving, then you should celebrate your mistakes, cherish them and smile. 1. A. sick B. strange C. bad D. cold 2.A. hate B. correct C. ignore D. avoid 3.A. examinedB. scolded C. permitted D. disturbed 4.A. grow B. breathe C. live D. work 5.A. worryingB. amazing C. amusing D. shocking 6.A. movementB. ed

31、ucationC. improvementD. construction 7.A. act B. practice C. compete D. learn 8.A. just B. even C. patiently D. carefully 9.A. ThereforeB. Instead C. Besides D. Still10.A. constructB. hireC. check D. recognize11.A. deliveringB. increasingC. tasting D. trying12.A. reason B. modelC. mark D. comment13.

32、A. compareB. prepare C. repeat D. forget14.A. until B. if C. unless D. although15.A. teachersB. adultsC. men D. women16.A. easy B. similar C. popular D. new17.A. distanceB. directionC. success D. state18.A. whole B. same C. first D. different 19.A. mistakesB. experimentsC. evidences D. goals20.A. in

33、vite B. meet C. refuse D. Value B“Can I see my baby?” the happy new mother asked. When she looked upon his tiny 1 , tears filled her eyes. The baby had been born without ears. 2 , however, proved that the babys hearing was perfect. It was only his appearance that was marred (损坏). When he 3 home from

34、 school one day and cried in his mothers arms, she sighed, 4 that his life was to be a series of heartbreaks. He cried out, “A big boy called me a freak (畸形人).” He grew up, handsome and a favorite with his fellow students. He might have been class president, but for that. The boys father had a 5 wit

35、h the family doctor. “I believe I could transplant a pair of outer ears, 6 they could be acquired,” said the doctor. Thus, the 7 began for a person who would make such a sacrifice for a young man. Two years went by. Then, “You are going to the hospital, Son. Someone will 8 the ears,” said the father

36、. The operation was a 9 . Later he finished college and 10 the government department.One day, he asked his father, “Who gave me so much? I could 11 do enough for him or her.” “I dont 12 you could,” said the father, “ 13 the agreement was that you are not to know, not yet.” The years kept their 14 ,

37、but the day did come, one of the 15 days. He stood with his father over his mothers casket (棺材). 16 , the father raised the thick, reddish-brown hair to show the mother had no 17 . “Mother said she was glad she never let her hair be 18 ,” he whispered gently, “and nobody ever thought Mother less 19

38、.” Real beauty lies not in the physical appearance, but in the heart. Real 20 lies not in what is done and known, but in what is done but not known. 1. A. leg B. face C. feet D. hands 2. A. TimeB. Space C. Theory D. News 3. A. traveledB. approachedC. drove D. rushed 4. A. hearingB. knowingC. agreein

39、g D. allowing 5.A. party B. quarrel C. deal D. talk 6.A. unlessB. ifC. although D. since 7.A. searchB. examinationC. program D. interview 8.A. lose B. check C. donate D. collect 9.A. decisionB. preparationC. reward D. success10.A. escapedB. accepted C. enteredD. continued11.A. onceB. neverC. sometim

40、es D. always12. A. believe B. show C. suggest D. approve13.A. or B. since C. but D. so14.A. realityB. purpose C. promise D. secret15.A. shortestB. darkestC. warmest D. safest16.A. GentlyB. Quickly C. Gradually D. Immediately17.A. voices B. hairs C. ears D. eyes18.A. pulled B. found C. washed D. cut1

41、9.A. beautifulB. active C. skillfulD. confident20. A. donation B. success C. love D. life CEvery morning a woman baked chapati, a kind of Indian bread, for her family and an extra one for a hungry passer-by. She would 1 place the extra chapati on the windowsill, for whoever needed it.She 2 a hunchba

42、ck (驼背者) came every day and took the extra chapati. Instead of 3 gratitude, he would mutter (咕哝) the words: “The evil you do remains with you. The good you do comes back to you!” This 4 day after day. The woman felt 5 . “Not a word of gratitude and every day he mutters these words! What does he 6 ?”

43、One day she decided to take action. “I shall 7 this rude man,” she said. She added 8 to the chapati she prepared for him! As she was about to place it on the windowsill, her hands 9 . Immediately, she threw it into the fire and prepared another one. 10 , the hunchback came, 11 the chapati and mutter

44、ed the same words. He was totally 12 the war in the mind of the woman.Every day, as the woman placed the chapati on the window, she 13 for her son who had gone to a distant place to seek his fortune. For many months she had no 14 of him.That evening, there was a 15 on the door. As she opened it, she

45、 was 16 to find her son standing there. He had grown thin and weak. Looking at his mother he said, “Mom, its a miracle Im here. While I was a mile away, I was so hungry that I fell down. I would have died, 17 an old hunchback passed by. He was 18 enough to give me a whole chapati.”As the mother hear

46、d those words, her face turned 19 . She remembered the poisoned chapati that she had made that morning. It was then that she realized the 20 of the words: “The evil you do remains with you. The good you do comes back to you!” 1. A. alwaysB. sometimesC. never D. also 2.A. rememberedB. wondered C. not

47、icedD. thought 3. A. publishingB. teaching C. impressing D. expressing 4.A. passed onB. went on C. went offD. pulled up 5.A. interestedB. nervous C. alive D. angry 6.A. mean B. speak C. have D. want 7.A. get used toB. get rid of C. get hold of D. get on with 8.A. sauce B. stone C. sand D. poison 9.A

48、. scratchedB. brokeC. trembledD. hurt10.A. For a whileB. As usual C. By the way D. As a result11.A. turned upB. picked up C. looked up D. gave up12.A. unaware ofB. unheard ofC. exposed to D. capable of13.A. pushed B. sent C. called D. prayed14.A. truthB. understandingC. news D. knowledge15.A. pictur

49、eB. knockC. notice D. message16.A. surprisedB. frightened C. awkwardD. determined17.A. when B. for C. if D. but 18. A. kind B. strange C. happy D. lucky 19.A. blank B. pink C. pale D. red20.A. significanceB. situation C. origin D. Outcome D One day while I was walking to work, I decided to bring som

50、e flowers that I had picked from my garden that morning. I came across a stranger, and was inspired to give the 1 to him with a smile card. 2 by the sense of joy I felt from giving flowers to another person, and maybe 3 his day, I wanted to do it again.When I got to my 4 , I had the idea of anonymou

51、sly (匿名地) 5 flowers around the place. Sometimes the 6 of the building where I work numbs my spirits a little. Its a nice building with great light, 7 it just feels a little boring sometimes. I figured lots of people might 8 the same way, so why not put a little 9 there, and throw in an inspirational

52、 quote (引述) while Im good at it? 10 , who doesnt like flowers? So, for the past month, Ive been 11 flowers in a little cup on the sink in the bathroom. Each week, I 12 the flowers and the quote. It always feels 13 for me to read quotes like Gandhis “The fragrance always 14 on the hand that gives the rose.” If anything, it at least makes me smile each time I visit the 15 . Then today, when I wa