2016新课标创新英语人教版必修二Unit3Section

1、语法初识原句感知自主探究Over time I have been changed quite a lot.I have been used in offices and homes since the 1970s.Over time my memory has developed so much that, like an elephant, I never forget anything I have been told!Since the 1970s many new applications have been found for me.I have also been put int

2、o robots and used to make mobile phones as well as help with medical operations.I have even been put into space rockets and sent to explore the Moon and Mars.Such a thing has never been heard of before.The room has already been cleaned.(1)以上句中使用了现在完成时的被动语态；其谓语动词的构成为have/has_been_done。(2)列举上面例句所用的时间状

3、语：over_time,_since_the_1970s，_before,_already。语法剖析语法点一现在完成时的被动语态1基本概念现在完成时的被动语态强调一个发生在过去的被动性的动作，动作已完成并强调对现在造成的影响或结果，主语和谓语之间为被动关系。The door has already been locked.门早已经被锁上了。I have been employed at the job since 2015.自从2015年，我就做这份工作。2基本构成现在完成时的被动语态的结构为has/have been done。A lot of money has been spent to

4、 protect the old temple by now.到目前为止已投入了大笔钱来保护这座古庙。These trees have been watered lately.那些树最近已浇水。3现在完成时的被动语态的各种句式肯定式主语have/has been done .否定式主语have/has not been done .一般疑问式Have/Has主语been done .？特殊疑问式特殊疑问词have/has主语been done .？Northern China has been swept through by a strong cold wind recently.最近一股强

5、冷空气横扫中国北方。The children have not been told the good news yet.孩子们还没有被告知这个好消息。Has the date for the next meeting been decided?下次会议的日期已决定了吗？How long has the house been built?这座房子建了多久了？点津(1)句子主语若为第三人称单数时，助动词要用has。(2)用于现在完成时的时间状语有：since then, since从句， so far, by now, up to now, recently, lately, already, y

6、et, in the last/past一段时间等。(3)ever, never, already, yet等副词用于现在完成时的被动语态时，放在has或have之后。即时演练111.句型转换The plan has been studied by the experts three times. Has the plan been studied by the experts three times？(一般疑问句)How many times has the plan been studied by the experts? (就three times提问)12.完成句子His novel

7、has_not_been_published他的小说还没有出版。I have_been_told the sports meet will be put off.我已被告知运动会将要被推迟。语法点二使用现在完成时的被动语态要注意的问题1现在完成时的被动语态、现在进行时的被动语态及一般过去时的被动语态的区别The machine has been repaired.(说明动作发生在过去，对现在有影响，“现在修好了”) The machine is being repaired now.(说明动作正在被进行)The machine was repaired yesterday.(只说明动作发生在过

8、去)2非延续性动词，如borrow, finish, begin, start, buy, marry, open, join等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思，则要改换动词或时态，例如：工程已开始三个月了。The project has been started for three months.(F)The project has been on for three months. (T)3现在完成时的主动语态变被动语态(1)只带有一个宾语的动词变为被动语态时，将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。Tom has sold out all the m

9、agazines.All the magazines have been sold out by Tom.(2)带有双宾语的动词，如give, send, bring, take, teach, show, tell, make, sing, write, read, sell, buy, pay, lend, pass, promise等，变为被动语态时，一般将间接宾语变为被动语态的主语，若将直接宾语变为被动语态的主语时，间接宾语前面要用相应的介词。We have given him the book.He has been given the book.The book has been

10、given to him.(3)带有复合宾语的动词变为被动语态时，只能将宾语变为主语，原来的宾语补足语变为主语补足语。After decorating the Amber Room with jewels, the artists have made it more splendid.After being decorated with jewels, the Amber Room has been made more splendid.点津带有复合宾语的动词变为被动语态时，若宾语补足语为省略to的不定式充当时，在被动语态中需将省掉的to加上。The boss has made his com

11、pany offer more chances for people to work.His company has been made to offer more chances for people to work.(4)动词短语是一个不可分割的整体，在被动语态中要保持完整性，其中的介词或副词不可省略。Its said that the problem has been looked into.据说已经调查了这个问题。点津现在完成时的被动语态的选择技巧(1)分析句式结构，明确句子所要表达的意义。(2)明确句中时间的参考点，确定所需时态。(3)明确谓语动词与其主语之间应为主动关系还是被动关系

12、，并明确动作是否能延续。(4)确定正确的时态及语态。即时演练221.判断正误How long has this book been bought？(F)How long ago was this book bought？(T)Those old homeless men have been well looked.(F)Those old homeless men have been well looked after.(T)22.将下列句子变为被动语态I have made her work hard.She has_been_made_to_work hard.His mother has

13、 bought him a computer. He has_been_bought a computer by his mother.A computer has_been_bought_for him by his mother.链接高考单句语法填空1(2015天津高考)Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement has_been_reached (reach) so far by the two sides.2(2015重庆高考)In my hometown, there is always a harvest supper fo

14、r the farmers after all the wheat has_been_cut (cut)3(2014天津高考)We wont start the work until all the preparations have_been_made (make)4(2013北京高考)Shakespeares play Hamlet has_been_made (make) into at least ten different films over the past years.5(天津高考)In the last few years thousands of films have_be

15、en_produced (produce) all over the world.6(福建高考)Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the moneymaking jobs they have_been_promised (promise) before leaving their hometowns.针对演练.单句语法填空1They have_sold (sell) ten apartments in the past one hour. 2He was_bought (buy) a knife when she visi

16、ted Xinjiang.3He has already been_asked (ask) to help you.4The company has_made (make) its workers work hard recently.5A notice has already been_put_up (put up) on the wall.6Since we realized that we should study hard, our time has_been_made (make) full use of.7These streets havent_been_swept (not s

17、weep) for two days.8How long has_the book_been_kept (keep)?9How long ago was the picture taken (take)? 10These goods havent_been_shipped (not ship) abroad yet.完成句子1From what has_been_discussed (已讨论过的) above, we can draw the conclusion that parents are our best teachers.2Fortunately, a lot of measure

18、s have_been_taken (已被采取了) to deal with the problem.3Two suggestions have_been_provided (已被提供) by our classmates.4Peoples health has_been_greatly_affected (受到了很大的影响) by air, noise and water.5In spite of these changes, the liberation of women has_not_been_completely_realized (没有被完全认识到).短文改错The day before Easter, I gave my children money instead of Easter baskets. Later that evening we all sat watch TV when a piece of news appeared about starving child. I couldnt help being moved while my children said, “Mom, can