2003职称英语卫生类真题及答案

1、第一部分：词汇选项（第1-15题，每题1分，共15分）     下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与画线部分意义最相近的词或短语。答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。    1 I am not certain whether he will come.    A sure    B determined    C sorry    D glad 

2、   2 she seemed to have detected some anger in his voice.    A heard    B noticed    C realized    D got    3 Please do not hesitate to call me if I can be of further assistance.    A see  &

3、#160; B contact    C help    D touch    4 In short, I am going to live there myself.    A In other words    B That is to say    C To be frank    D In a word    5 He has trouble und

4、erstanding that other people judge him by his social skills and conduct.    A behavior     B style    C mode    D attitude    6 I had some difficulty in carrying out the plan.    A making    B ke

5、eping    C implementing    D changing    7 Mr. Johnson evidently regarded this as a great joke.    A readily     B casually    C simply    D obviously    8 We all think that Marys

6、husband is a very boring person.    A shy    B stupid    C selfish    D dull    9 The workers in that factory manufacture furniture.    A promote    B paint    C polish  

7、  D produce    10 they only have a limited amount of time to get their points across.    A large    B total    C similar    D small    11 The high-speed trains can have a major impact on travel preferences

8、.    A influence    B force    C surprise    D power    12 can you follow the plot?    A change    B investigate    C understand     D write    13 Eve

9、n in a highly modernized country, Manual work is a still needed.    A mental     B physical    C natural    D hard    14 In the latter case the outcome can be serious indeed.    A judgement    B

10、result    C decision    D event    15 Norman Blamey is an artist of deep convictions.    A beliefs    B statements    C suggestions    D claims第二部分：阅读判断（第1622题，每题1分，共7分）    阅读下面这篇文

11、章，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑。    A Pay Rise or Not?    “Unless I get a rise, Ill have a talk with the boss, Henry Manley,” George Strong said to himself. George liked his job and he liked the to

12、wn he lived in, but his wife kept telling him that his pay was not enough to meet the needs of the family. That was why he was thinking of taking a job in Birmingham, a nearby city about 50 miles away. He had been offered a job in a factory there, and the pay was far better.    George

13、 lived in Wyeford, a medium-sized town. He really liked the place and didnt like the idea of moving somewhere else, but if he took the job in Birmingham, he would have to move his family there.    Henry Manley was the manager of a small company manufacturing electric motors. The compa

14、ny was in deep trouble because, among other reasons, the Japanese were selling such things at very low prices. As a result, Manley had to cut his own prices and profits as well. Otherwise he would not get any orders at all. Even then, orders were still not coming in fast enough, so that there was no

15、 money for raises(加工资) for his workers. Somehow, he had to struggle along and keep his best workers as well. He sighed. Just then the phone rang.    His secretary told him that George Strong wanted to see him as soon as possible. Manley sighed again. He could guess what it was about.

16、George Strong was a very young engineer. The Company had no future unless it could attract and keep men like him. Manley rubbed his forehead（前额）; his problems seemed endlessl.    16 Henry Manley was already deeply in debt.    A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned   

17、  17 The job that had been offered to George Strong in Birmingham paid better.    A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned     18 If George Strong took the job in Birmingham, he would have to leave his family in Wyeford.    A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

18、60;   19 Henry Manleys company was making enough profits to raise the workers wages.    A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned     20 Henry Manleys company was making enough profits to raise the workers wages.    A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned  &

19、#160;  21 Henry Manley had no idea at all why George wanted to see him.    A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned     22 George Strong was a very creative engineer.    A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第2330题，每题1分，共8分）    阅读下面这篇短

20、文，短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第2326题要求从所给的6个选项中为第25段每段选择1个正确的小标题；（2）第2730题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。    Friendly Relations with the people Around     1 You depend on all the people closely around to give you the warm feeling of belongingness（归属）that you must have t

21、o feel secure. But, In fact, the members of all the groups to which you belong also depend on you to give that feeling to them. A person who shows that he wants everything for himsefl in bound（一定的）to be a lonely wolf.    2 The need for companionship is closely realated to the need for

22、 a sense of belongingness. How sad and lonely your life would be if you had no one to share your feelings and experiences. You may take it for granted that there always will be people around to talk to and to do things with you and for you. The important point, however, is that keeping emotionally h

23、ealthy does not depend so much upon having people around you as upon your ability to establish relationships that are satisfying both to you and to them.    3 Suppose you are in a crowd watching a football game. You dont know them. When the game is over, you will all go your separate

24、ways. But just for a while you had a feeling of companionship, of sharing the feelings of others who were cheering for the team you wanted to win.    4 An experience of this kind gives the clue（线索）to what companionship really is. It depends upon emotional ties of sympathy, understandi

25、ng, trust, and affection. Companions become friends when these ties are formed.    5 When you are thrown in a new circle of acquaintances（熟人）, you may not know with whom you will make friends, but you can be sure that you will be able to establish friendships if you show that you real

26、ly like people.    23 Paragraph2 _    23 Paragraph3 _    23 Paragraph4 _    23 Paragraph5 _    A Close Link Between Companionship and Belongingness    B How to Satisfy Other Peoples Needs    C An

27、 Example of a Satisfying Relationship    D Difficulties in Establishing Friendships    E What Companionship Really Is    F Making Friends With New Acquaintances    27 If you had no one th share your feelings, your life would be _. 

28、0;  28 The warm feeling of belongingness may give you _.    29 The ability to establish fine relations with others will keep you _.    30 You will find it hard to make friends with people _.    A sad and lonely    B emotionally healthy

29、    C without real love for them    D a sense of security    E a lonely wolf    F without pity第4部分：阅读理解（第3145题，每题3分，共45分）    下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请根据文章的内容，从每题所给的4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。    第一篇： &

30、#160;  What Is Death?    People in the past did not question the difference between life and death. They could see that a person died when his heart stopped beating. People have learned, however, that the body does not die immediately when the heart stops beating. They discovered

31、 that we remain alive as long as our brain remains active. Today the difference between life and death is not as easy to see as in the past. Modern medical devices can keep the heart beating and the lungs breathing long after the brain stops. But is this life?    This question has cau

32、sed much debate among citizens in the United States. Many of them want a law that says a person is dead when the brain dies. A person should be considered dead when brain waves stop even if machines can keep the body alive. Such a law would permit doctors to speed removal(切除) of undiseased（没病的）organ

33、s for transplant（移植） operations.    The brain is made of thousands of millions of nerve cells. These cells send and receive millions of chemical and electrical messages every day. In this way the brain controls the other body activities. Nerve-cell experts say it usually is easy to te

34、ll when the brain has died. They put small electrodes(电极) on a persons skull (头骨) to measure the electrical signals that pass in and out of the brain. These brain waves are recorded on a television screen or on paper. The waves move up and down every time the brain receives messages from the nerve c

35、ells. The brain is dead when the waves stop moving.    Although there are people who oppose the idea of a law on brain block for variouis reasons, the idea of brain wave activity as a test of death is slowly being accepted.    1.People in the past held that the differen

36、ce between life and death    A.was easy to tell.    B.did not exist.    C.lay in the brain.    D.was open to debate.    2.Which of the following is NOT a phenomenon mentioned in the passage?    A.The heart may

37、keep beating after the brain has died.    B.The body may still be alive after the heart and the brain have stopped working.    C.The brain may still be active after the heart has stopped beating.    D.The lung may keep breathing after the brain has died.&

38、#160;   3. When a person should be consider dead is currently a matter     A.which has caused heated argument in the US.    B.which few people in the US care much about.    C.which only doctors can settle.    D.which has already b

39、een settled.    4. The brain controls the other body activities through    A.medical devices.    B.small electrodes.    C.the brain waves.    D.the nerve cells.    5. More and more people are beginning to accep

40、t the idea that a person is dead    A.when the heart stops beating.    B.when the brain becomes less active.    C.when doctors stop medical treatment.    D.when the brain stops working.    第二篇：    New foods and

41、 the New World    In the last 500 years, nothing about people-not their clothes, ideas, or languages has changed as much as what they eat. The original chocolate was made from the seeds of the cocoa tree(可可树) by South American Indians. The Spanish Introduced it to the rest of the worl

42、d during the 1500s. And although it was very expensive, it quickly became fashionable. In London, shops where chocolate drinks were served became important meeting places. Some still exit today.    The potato is also from the New World. Around 1600, the Spanish brought it from Peru to

43、 Europe, where it soon was widely grown. Ireland became so dependent on it that thousands of Irish people starved when the crop failed during the “potato Famine(饥荒)” of 1845-1846, and thousands more were forced to leave their homeland and move to America.    There are many other foods

44、 that have traveled from South America to the Old World. But some others went in the opposite direction. Brazil is now the worlds largest grower of coffee, and coffee is an important crop in colombia and other South American countries. But it is native to Ethiopia, a country is Africa. It was first

45、made into a drink by Aragbs during the 1400s.    According to an Arabic legend, coffee was discovered when a person named kaldi noticed that his goats were attracted to the red berries on a coffee bush. He tried one and experienced the “wide- awake” feeling that one-third of the world

46、s population now starts the day with.36 According to the passage, which of the following has changed the most in the last 500 years?    A Clothing    B Food    C Ideology    D Language    37 “some” in the last sentence of the

47、 first paragragh refers to     A some cocoa trees    B some chocolate drinks    C some South American Indians    D some shops    38 Thousands of Irish people starved during the “Potato Famine” because    A they

48、 were so dependent on potatoes that they refused to eat anything else    B they were forced to leave their homeland and move to America.    C the potato harvest was bad    D the weather conditions in Ireland were not suitable for growing potatoes. &#

49、160;  39 Which country is the largest coffee producer?    A Colombia    B Brazil    C Ethiopia.    E Egypt    40 Which of the following statements is Not True, Acoording to the passage?    A Coffee is nati

50、ve to colombia    B One-third of the worlds population drinks coffee.    C Coffee can keep one awake.    D Coffee drinks were first made by Arabs.    第三篇：    Giving Up Smoking    A number of devices are availab

51、le to help a person quit smoking. Nicotine(尼古丁) patches are small, nicotine-containing adhesive(粘着性的) discs applied to the skin. The nicotine is slowly absorbed through the skin and enters the bloodstream. Over time, the nicotine dose is reduced and eventually the desire for nicotine is eased. Nicot

52、ine gum works in a similar manner, providing small doses of nicotine when chewed.    The benefits of giving up smoking include the immediate reduction of harm to the health of the smoking and easily admission to social activities and institutions that ban smoking. In a 1988 report, th

53、e U.S. Surgeon General declared cigarette smoking to be more harmful and expensive than the use of cocaine(可卡因) , alcohol, or heroin. Recent evidence supports this claim.    The United States government has collected a special tax on cigarettes for several decades. The rate rose from

54、8 cents per pack of 20 cigarettes in 1951 to 24 cents per pack in 1993. In other developed countries, the cigarette tax rate is much higher, ranging from 50 percent in Switzerland to 85 percent in Denmark.    In the United States, the first direct action to check smoking was the regul

55、ation of a warming on cigarette packages by the Federal Trade Commission. This warning took effect in 1964 and was strengthened in 1969 to read:“Warning: The Surgeon General Has Determined That Cigarette Smoking Is Dangerouis to Your Health.”In 1971 all cigarette advertising was banned from radio an

56、d television, and cities and states passed laws requiring nonsmoking sections in public places and workplaces.    1. Which of the following can help a person quit smoking?    A.Using nicotine patches.    B.Reading cigarette advertisements.  

57、0; C.Chewing ordinary gum.    D.Participating in social activities.    2. Nicotine gum is used to help a smoker    A.stop smoking    B.reduce weight.    C.clean his teeth.    D.absorb nicotine immediately. 

58、;   3. The benefits of giving up smoking include all the following EXCEPT    A.the reduction of expenses.    B.the formation of a good habit.    C.the reduction of harm to ones health.    D.easier access to institutions that ban s

59、moking.    4.Which of the following is said to be the most expensive and harmful?    A.Consuming alcohol.    B.Using heroin.    C.Smoking cigarettes.    D.Taking cocaine.    5. Which of the following is NOT men

60、tioned as a step to control smoking?    A.Collecting a special tax on cigarettes.    B.Forbidding smoking in all public places.    C.Banning cigarette advertising from radio and TV.    D.Requiring a warning on each cigarette package.第5部分：补全

61、短文（第46-50题，每题2分，共10分）    阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡相应位置上。Lowering the Risk of Heart Disease     Like millions of other Americans, I come from a family with a histotry of the heart disease. My father had his first three heart

62、 attacks when he was only thirty-one. _(46) I grew up with heart disease. It was there, but I didnt take it seriouly.    When I was thirty-one, my blood cholesterol（胆固醇）level was measured for the first time.It was 311 mg/dl, the doctor told me- an extremely high level that put me at a

63、 very high high risk of heart disease, especially with my family history. He sent me to the National Institutes of Health（NIH）to be screened for participation in a clinical trial._(47)    At NIH, physicians explained the degree of risk associated with my blood cholesterol level and th

64、e nature of the experiment. This test involves putting a tube through a leg artery（动脉） up to the heart._（48）    Learning about the risks of the experiment as well sa the risk associated with my raised blood cholesterol level scared the life out of me. Although I was excluded from part

65、icipating in the study, the experience may well have saved my life.    For the first time, I began to realize the seriousness of high blood cholesterol._(49) But equally important, I got a taste of what it is like to be a patient, to have tests done on me and to think of myself as sic

66、k.This was hard to take.    This experience taught me two lifesaving lessons. First, although I felt fit and strong, I was actually at high risk for heart disease because of my high blood cholesterol level. And with my family histaory, it could not be ignored._(50)    A

67、 Second, I could lower my blood cholesterol level simply by changing what I ate.    B I was three years old at that time.    C There is not enough oxygen in the blood.    D It was a heart attack just waiting to happen    E The trial was des

68、igned to test the effect of lowering blood cholesterol on the risk of heart disease.    F The death rate for the test was only 1 in 100, I was assured.第6部分：完形填空（第5165题，每题1分，共15分）    阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项同，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。The Great Newspaper War     Up until about 100 years ago, newspapers in the United States appealed only to the most serious readers. They used no illustrations and the articles were_(51)politics or business.    Two men_(52) that Joseph Pulitzer o