ways虽然这两个克隆体在基因上完全相同

1、Unit 8 CloningText A A Clone Is Born2. Language study1. clone: any of a group of plants or animals produced from the cells of a single ancestor and therefore exactly the same as it isResearchers produced clones from adult mice in 1998.Although two clones are identical genetically, they may develop i

2、n different ways.虽然这两个克隆体在基因上完全相同，它们可能以不同的方式生长。v.Experiments to try to clone human embryos have met with hostility from some sections of the public.试图无性繁殖人类胚胎的实验遭到一部分公众的敌视。Researchers in Japan have cloned eight calves from the cells of a single adult cow.2. give birth to: 1) bear (a child), bring fo

3、rthThey were delighted when she gave birth to a healthy child.Although a mother panda often gives birth to two cubs, she usually abandons one of them without attempting to care for it.The research has shown that mothers who smoke give birth more frequently to premature or underweight babies.2) creat

4、e, originateThe extraordinary experience gave birth to his latest novel.铸成他最近的一部小说Einstein gave birth to a whole new way of looking at matter and energy.3. dot: spread things or people in various separate places over an areaThe countryside is dotted with beautiful ancient churches.郊区分布着We have offic

5、es dotted about/ all over the region.我们的办事处分布在这个地区。n. a small round markOn the map towns were marked by a red dot.在地图上，城镇是用小红点标出的。The stars just look like thousands of tiny dots of light.点点灯光4. for all the world (like sb/sth): in every respect; exactlyI felt for all the world as if I was still a chi

6、ld. Shes for all the world like a woman I knew 20 years ago, in looks, behavior, everything.4. fuse (with): (cause to) join togetherThere was no separation between joy and sorrow: they fused into one. (Henry Miller)痛苦与欢乐之间没有界限：它们融为了一体。Genes determine how we develop from the moment the sperm fuses wi

7、th the egg.从精子和卵子结合的那一刻起，基因就决定了我们会如何成长。In Istanbul, East and West fuse together in a way that is fascinating to observe.5. gene: a unit in a chromosome which controls inherited characteristicsScientist are trying to find the gene responsible for the disease.引起改病发生的基因You inherit half your genes from

8、your mother and half from your father.Genetics is the study of the function and behavior of genes.6. take up: go and live; move into (a certain position)The hunter took up his quarters in a hut.As the crowd grew, riot police took up their positions.UN peacekeeping forces are expected to take up posi

9、tions along the Afghanistan border.7. identical: exactly alike or equal; the very sameWe are identical in our views of what should be done. 我们双方对应当怎么办的看法是一致的。The tests are identical to those carried out last year.My opinion is identical with his.我的意见和他的意见相同。8. oppose: express strong disapproval with

10、 the aim of preventing or changing a course of actionMany members of the council opposed the building of the luxury houses in the centre of the city.许多市议会议员反对在市中心建造豪华型住宅。The local residents strongly opposed the chemical companies dumping their waste in the sea. be opposed to: be againstMany resident

11、s are opposed to the plan of building the motorway. 许多居民反对修建那条汽车路的计划。We are firmly opposed to the practice of power politics between nations. 我们坚决反对在国与国之间实行强权政治。They are strongly opposed to the presence of American troops in this region.CF. oppose object resist都含“反对”的意思。oppose 为常用词, 指“对某人、某事采取积极行动来反

12、对”，着重动作，尤指“反对一种观念、思想、计划等”。如：The father opposed to his son's marriage. 父亲反对儿子的婚事。object 常指“用言论或论据等表示反对”，着重“个人嫌厌”和“（由于与个人有关因此）提出反对意见”。如：I objected to his plan.我反对他的计划。resist 指“积极地反抗、对抗”、“用武力阻止的前进”。如：resist the enemy抵抗敌人。9. in principle: as far as basic principles are concernedIn principle, clones

13、may even be essentially immortal, dying only from disease or the deterioration of the environment.In principle, Quantum theory could be used to predict the behavior of any physical, chemical, or biological system.10. offensive: causing sb to feel upset, insulted or annoyed He told some really offens

14、ive racist and sexist jokes. Minority groups are protected from hateful and offensive speech and actions on campus. 9. compromise: n. a settlement in which each side gives up some demandsIn a compromise between management and unions, a 4% pay rise was agreed in return for an increase in productivity

15、. 资方与工会达成和解，同意以提升4%的工资作为生产力提高的回报。It is hoped that a compromise will be reached/ agreed/ arrived at/ worked out in todays talks.In order to reduce carbon monoxide emissions from motor vehicles but at the same time develop the industry, a compromise was reached.The two countries continued to have diff

16、iculties reaching a compromise on a solution to the problem of acid rain.v. compromise with sb over sth, compromise on sthWe can not compromise on such terms. 我们不能根据这样的条件和解。The government has compromised with its critics over monetary policies.Israel had originally wanted 1 billion dollar in aid, bu

17、t compromised on the 650 million dollar. 10. potential: n. the possibility of sth happening or being developedThe region has enormous potential for economic development but a lot of investment is needed to achieve this.You have the potential to reach the top of your profession if you want to.The pot

18、ential for abuse（滥用）of genetic engineering has presented society with many ethical(伦理的) and legal controversies. adj. that can, but has not yet, come into being; possibleShe is widely regarded as a potential Olympic gold medallist. 她有可能得奥运会金牌Many potential customers are waiting for a fall in price b

19、efore bying.In the article Wilmut discussed potential medical uses for cloning, and ethical issues surrounding cloning technology. *11. tolerate: allow (sth.) that one does not like to happen or continue; put up withCollege president sent letters to every student saying that drugs on campus would no

20、t be tolerated.Teachers will not tolerate cheating on exams, just as parents will not let their children lie and get away with it.11. ancient: belonging to times that are long pastPeople have lived in this valley since ancient times.自古以来Furniture designs have reflected the fashion of every era from

21、ancient times to the present.Hebrew is an ancient language that became extinct, but has now been brought back to life and is spoken today.12. normally: under normal circumstances; ordinarilyShe doesnt normally stop working to have lunch.Normally, I plan one or two days ahead.The photo showed a norma

22、lly developed plant and a diseased one.正常生长的植物和病态的植物13. inherit: 1) have features or qualities from an ancestorThe girl inherited her red hair from her mother.Deficiencies in immune function may be either inherited or acquired.While people biologically inherit many physical traits and behavioral ins

23、tincts, culture is socially inherited.2) receive (money, property, etc. of an ancestor)Who will inherit the house when he dies?The eldest son will inherit the title.长子将继承爵位。Mary inherited the money from her parents. 14. comment: a written or spoken remark giving an opinionHe made a comment about the

24、 bad road. 他对这条糟糕的路发表评论。She made no comment about a pay increase for the factory workers.v. (comment on)He commented on the bad road.他评论这条糟糕的路。Everyone commented on her new hat.大家都在评论她的新帽子。15. curiosity: a desire to know or learn (followed by about)The teacher said that they tried to develop the nat

25、ural curiosity of each child.She decided to call her ex-boyfriend our of curiosity.The boy showed a brilliant curiosity about nature.Science museums stimulate curiosity and allow people to learn at their own pace.As a youth Einstein showed a brilliant curiosity about nature and an ability to underst

26、and difficult mathematical concepts.16. transplant: 1) transfer (tissue or an organ) from one body or body part to anotherDoctors transplanted a monkeys heart into/ in a two-year old child.To repair injuries such as burns, skin is sometimes transplanted from one area of the body to another.2) uproot

27、 and replant (a growing plant)He transplant the flowers to the garden. 把花移植到花园里The plant should be grown indoors until spring when they can be transplanted outside.17. lash out at: make a sudden violent attack at with blows or wordsHer husband has a fierce temper and often lashes out at her for no g

28、ood reason.Whys Tina in such a bad mood? She really lashed out at me when I was late for work. 17. immune (to): 1) protected against through the bodys natural resistance He seems to be immune to colds - he just never gets them.他好象对感冒有免疫力A healthy immune system protects the body against bacteria, vir

29、uses, and other harmful agents.2) not affected by sthThe press had criticized her so often that in the end she had become immune to it.变得无动于衷。Football is not immune to economic recession.18. merge: (cause to) combineCan one colour merge into another? If yes, what colour will result? 一种颜色能与另一种颜色混合在一起吗?如果可以,那会产生什么颜色呢?In the great melting pot like New York cultures are merged and traditions lost.The two colleges will be merged to form a university.You can al