六年级英语语法汇总

1、六年级英语语法知识汇总一、词类：1、 动词：行为动词、be动词、情态动词。1行为动词 原形、+s/es、+ed、+ing，具体判断方法如下：2be动词a、Am-was Is -was Are-were 口诀：我用am, 你用are, is用在他她它，所有复数全用are。b、肯定和否认句 I am (not) from London. He /She is(not) a teacher. My hair is(not) long. Her eyes are(not) small. c、 一般疑问句 Am I ? Yes, you are. No, you arent. Are you/they?

2、 Yes,we/ they are. No,we/ they arent. Is the cat fat? Yes, it is. No, it isnt. is、am、are为一类，一般用于一般现在时、现在进行时和一般将来时中。was和were为另一类，一般用于一般过去时。3情态动词can、must、should、would、may。情态动词后动词总是用原形。不受其他任何条件影响2、 名词这里强调两点：不可数名词都默认为单数，所以总是用is或者was。如何加后缀：a一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds b以s. x. s

3、h. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches c以“辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries d以“f或fe结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives e不规那么名词复数： man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet ,.tooth-teet

4、h fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese 3、 形容词包括副词形容词表示某一事物或的特征，副词表示某一动作的特征。形容词和副词只有两种形式：原形和+er。未作比拟的情况下就用原形，比拟时就+er。两个重要特征：asas中间一定用原形，有than的时候一定+er。4、 人称代词和物主代词人称代词物主代词单数复数单数复数主格宾格主格宾格形容词性短名词性长形容词性短名词性长第一人称Imeweusmymineourours第二人称youyouyouyouyouryoursyouryours第三人称hehimtheyth

5、emhishistheirtheirssheherherhersitititsits人称代词：有主格和宾格之分。一般动词前用主格，动词后用宾格。物主代词：有两类：形容词性物主代词短的和名词性物主代词长的一般看后面有没有名词，如有，就用形容词性物主代词短的；如无，就用名词性物主代词长的。5、 数量词:我们学过两类：基数词和序数词。基数用于表示数量多少，而基数词用于表示次序，常在日期中出现。序数词的前面一般都加the。6、冠词:有a、an、the。a和an的区别：an用于元音音素一般就是元音字母aeiou前，a用于辅音音素前。二、否认句：be动词am、is、are、was、were+not、情态动

6、词can、must、should+ not、助动词do、does、did + not如何将一个肯定的陈述句改为否认句：1、看句中有无be动词，如有，直接在be动词后+ not。2、看句中有无情态动词，如有，直接在情态动词后+ not。3、如上述二者都没有，就应用助动词+ not。分四个步骤：1肯定陈述句中本来是没有助动词的，要加上去，位置在主语某人或某物后，动词前。2确定助动词用do、does还是did，根据句中动词，动词是原形的助动词就用do，动词是第三人称单数的助动词就用does，动词用过去式的助动词就有did。3在助动词后加not。4原句中动词假设发生变化就要恢复成原形。强调一点，有so

7、me的要考虑是否要用any。三、一般疑问句。如何将一个肯定的陈述句改为否认句：1、看句中有无be动词，如有，把be动词提到句首即可。2、看句中有无情态动词，如有，把情态动词提到句首即可。3、如上述二者都没有，就应把助动提到句首。分四个步骤：1肯定陈述句中本来是没有助动词的，要加上去，位置在主语某人或某物后，动词前。2确定助动词用do、does还是did，根据句中动词，动词是原形的助动词就用do，动词是第三人称单数的助动词就用does，动词用过去式的助动词就有did。3把助动词后提到句首。4原句中动词假设发生变化就要恢复成原形。强调一点，有some的要考虑是否要用any。四、特殊疑问句。表示疑问

8、，有疑问词在开头，答复有很多种可能。常用疑问词： 疑问词意思用法When什么时间问时间What time 什么时间问具体时间，如几点钟Who谁问人Whose 谁的问主人Where在哪里问地点Which哪一个问选择Why 为什么问原因What 什么问东西、事物What colour什么颜色问颜色What about。怎么样问意见What day星期几问星期几What date什么日期问日期What for 为何目的问目的How 。怎样问情况How old多大年纪问年纪How many多少数量可数名词问数量How much多少钱；多少数量不可数名词问多少钱或数量不可数How about。怎么样问意

9、见How often多久问频率How long多长时间问时间长度How far 多远问多远；多长距离五、祈使句 表示请求或命令别人做某事或不要做某事。肯定祈使句一定是以动词原形开头有时有please，否认的祈使句一定是dont加动词原形开头有时有please。把祈使句改为否认句只需在动词前加dont即可。六、时态1、一般现在时1一般现在时中的be动词：一般用原形：am is are am用于第一人称单数I；is用于第三人称单数he she it和其他人名或称谓，如：Ben his sister等；are用于第二人称单数you和所有复数包括第一人称复数we、第二人称复数you；第三人称复数the

10、y和其他复数，如the children 、 his parents等。2一般现在时中的动词：第一种情况：主语是第三人称单数he she it 和其他，如Helen 、her cousin 等，动词后一般加s或es。第二种情况：主语不是第三人称单数，动词都用原形。4一般现在时判断依据如何判断一个句子是一般现在时：be动词是am、is、are动词用原形或加s、es没有时间状语或有usually、often、everyday、sometimes等不是具体的时间2、一般过去时1一般过去时中的be动词：一般用过去式：was were was用于第一人称单数I和第三人称单数he she it和其他人名或

11、称谓，如：Ben 、 his sister等；were用于第二人称单数you和所有复数包括第一人称复数we、第二人称复数you；第三人称复数they和其他复数，如the children 、 his parents等。2一般过去时中的动词：一般只有一种情况：+ed这里强调一点，和一般现在时不同的是这里不管主语是第几人称，也不管是单数和复数都加ed。4一般过去时判断依据如何判断一个句子是一般过去时：be动词是was、were 动词加ed有表示过去的时间状语现在学过的常用的表示过去的时间状语有：just now a moment ago yesterday last week last night

12、 last weekend last year last month three days ago two weeks ago five years ago this morning3、一般将来时1构成形式：Be going to +动词原形， will + 动词原形 2一般将来时表示动作即将发生或某人打算做某事。3句中往往有tomorrow、soon、next week等词。4、现在进行时1构成形式：Be动词+动词的ing形式这里强调一点，两者缺少其中任何一种都不可以构成现在进行时。2现在进行时表示动作正在进行或事情正在发生。3有用的依据：一个句子中既有be动词，又有动词，且动词加了ing

13、该句是现在进行时4句中往往有now、look、listen等词。动词过去式、现在分词的不规那么变化：供学习参考be 是was, werebeing begin 开始beganbeginning build 建筑builtbuilding buy 买boughtbuying can 能could无 come 来camecoming copy 拷贝copiedcopying do 做diddoing draw 画drewdrawing drink 喝drankdrinking drive 驾车drovedriving eat 吃ateeating feel 感觉feltfeeling find 找

14、寻foundfinding fly飞flewflying forget 忘记forgotforgetting get 得到gotgetting give 给予gavegiving go 去wentgoing grow 成长grewgrowing have 有hadhaving hear 听heardhearing keep 保持keptkeeping know 知道knewknowing learn学习learnt, learnedlearning let 让letletting make 做mademaking may 可以might无 mean 意思meantmeaning meet 见面

15、metmeeting must 必须must无 put 放putputting read 读readreading ride 骑roderiding ring 响rangringing run 跑ranrunning say 说saidsaying see 看见sawseeing sing 唱歌sangsinging sit 坐satsitting sleep 睡觉sleptsleeping speak 讲话spokespeaking spend 花钱spentspending stand 站立stoodstanding sweep 清扫sweptsweeping swim 游泳swamswi

16、mming take 拿到tooktaking teach 教taughtteaching tell 讲述toldtelling think思考thoughtthinking will 意愿would无 write 写wrotewriting小升初英语考试，必须要掌握的英语语法知识点一 一、名词复数规那么1.一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2.以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches3.以“辅音字母 y结尾，变y为

17、i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries4. 以“ f 或 fe 结变f 或 fe为v , 再加-es如：knife-knives      Leafleaves5不规那么名词复数：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, child-childrenfoot-feet,.tooth-teeth6.单复数同形的名词：fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese,

18、Japanese-Japanese写出以下各词的复数I _him _this _her _watch _child _photo _diary _day_ foot_ book_ dress _tooth_ sheep _box_ strawberry _peach_ sandwich 二、行为动词的变化。否认句：主语 don't( doesn't ) 动词原形( 其它)。如： I don't like bread. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否认句。如：He doesn't often play.一般疑问句：Do( Doe

19、s ) 主语 动词原形 其它。如：- Do you often play football?       - Yes, I do. / No, I don't.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如： - Does she go to work by bike?       - Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.三、动词单三形式的变化规那么1一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks2以s. x. sh

20、. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3以“辅音字母 y结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies四、一般现在时用法专练:一、写出以下动词的第三人称单数drink _ go _ stay _ make _look _ have_ pass_ carry_come_ watch_ plant_fly_study_ brush_ do_ teach_wash_二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1. He often _(have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and

21、 Tommy _(be) in Class One.3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. _ they _(like) the World Cup? 6. What _they often _(do) on Saturdays? 7. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day?8. The girl _(teach) us English on Sundays.9. She and I _(take) a walk together eve

22、ry evening.10. There _(be) some water in the bottle.11. Mike _(like) cooking.12. They _(have) the same hobby.13. My aunt _(look) after her baby carefully.14. You always _(do) your homework well.15. I _(be) ill. Im staying in bed.16. She _(go) to school from Monday to Friday.17. Liu Tao _(do) not lik

23、e PE.18. The child often _(watch) TV in the evening.19. Su Hai and Su Yang _(have) eight lessons this term.20. What day _(be) it today?   Its Saturday五、现在进行时1现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2现在进行时的肯定句根本结构为be + V-ing.3现在进行时的否认句在be后加not。4现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。动词加ing的变化规那么1一般情况下，直接加in

24、g，如：cook-cooking2以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting3假设末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping现在进行时专项练习：(一)、写出以下动词的现在分词：play_run_swim_make_go_like_write_ ski_read_ have_ sing_dance_put_see_buy_love_live_take_come_get_stop_sit _ begin_ shop_(二)、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1.The boy _

25、( draw)a picture now.2. Listen .Some girls _( sing)in the classroom .3. My mother _( cook )some nice food now.4. What _ you _ ( do ) now?5. Look . They _( have) an English lesson .6.They _(not ,water) the flowers now.7.Look! the girls _(dance )in the classroom .8.What is our granddaughter doing? She

26、 _(listen ) to music.9. Its 5 oclock now. We _(have)supper now10._Helen_(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is.六、将来时理论及练习一、将来时，表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、方案或预备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow, next day/week/month/year.,soon,the day after tomorrow后天等。二、根本结构：be going to do；      will do.三、否认句：在be动词am, i

27、s, are后加not或情态动词will后加not 成wont。例如：Im going to have a picnic this afternoon. Im not going to have a picnic this afternoon. （4） 、同义句：be going to = willI am going to go swimming tomorrow. = I will go swimming tomorrow. 练习：填空1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends.I _ have a picnic with my

28、friends.2.我们将要学习英语We _ _ _ learn English.We _ learn English. 7、 一般过去时1一般过去时，表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。例如：yesterday，last week/mouth/year.，ago等等。 去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。2Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：am ，is在一般过去时中变为was。was not=wasntare在一般过去时中变为were。were not=werent3句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子否认句：didnt + 动词原形，如：Jim didnt go

29、home yesterday.     动词过去式变化规那么：1一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：workworked , cookcooked2结尾是e加d，如：livelived3末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stopstopped4以“辅音字母 y结尾的，变y为i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied5不规那么动词过去式：am,iswas, arewere, dodid, seesaw, saysaid, givegave, getgotgowent, comecame, have

30、had, eatate, taketook, runran, singsang,putput, makemade, readread, writewrote, drawdrew, drinkdrank,swimswam, sitsat过去时练习 (1)写出以下动词的过去式isam_plant_ are_drink_ play_ go_ make _does_ dance_ worry_ ask _taste_ eat_ put _kick_ pass_ do_练习：用be动词的适当形式填空1. I _ at school just now.2. He _ at the camp last we

31、ek.3. We _ students two years ago.4. They _ on the farm a moment ago.5. Yang Ling _ eleven years old last year.6. There _ an apple on the plate yesterday. 7. There _ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.8. The mobile phone _ on the sofa yesterday evening. I _ an English teacher now.2. She _ happy yeste

32、rday.3. They _ glad to see each other last month.行为动词的过去时练习2用be动词的适当形式填空1. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.2. Her father _ (read) a newspaper last night.3. We _ to zoo yesterday, we _ to the park. (go)4. _ you _ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?5. _ he _ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he

33、_.6. Gao Shan _ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.7. I _ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother _.8. What _ she _ (find) in the garden last morning? She _ (find) a beautiful butterfly.8、 人称代词和物主代词 主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性 I me my mineyou you your yourshe him his hisshe her her hers it

34、it its itswe us our oursthey them heir theirs习题一.用所给词的适当形式填空1. That is not _ kite. That kite is very small, but _ is very big. ( I )2. The dress is _. Give it to _. ( she )3. Is this _ watch? (you) No, its not _ . ( I )4. _ is my brother. _ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _. ( he )二.用am, is, ar

35、e 填空1. I _ a boy. _ you a boy? No, I _ not.2. The girl_ Jack's sister.3. The dog _ tall and fat.4. The man with big eyes _ a teacher.5. _ your brother in the classroom?6. Where _ your mother? She _ at home.7. How _ your father?8. Mike and Liu Tao _ at school.9. Whose dress _ this?小升初英语语法总结祈使句，感慨

36、句，疑问句陈述句一祈使句Be careful!Please open your books.Let me have a try.Dont open the door.口诀：祈使句无主语，主语you常省去，动词原形当谓语，句首加dont变否认。二感慨句：用what 和how引导，what 修饰的是名词，how修饰的是副词或形容词。结构：What + a/an + 形+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！What+形+可数名词复数/不可数名词+主语+谓语！How+ 形/副 +主语+谓语！_a fine day it is! What_useful work we have done! (What)_care

37、ful my mother is! (How)_delicious bread it is! (What)做题技巧：从右往左看，先划掉感慨号前的主语和谓语，剩下的是名词就用what,剩下的是形容词或者副词就用how。当然名词还需区分可数不可数来确定是否有冠词a/an。三疑问句疑问句有一般疑问句，特殊疑问句，选择疑问句，反意疑问句。1. 一般疑问句：需要用yes或no来答复。结构：助动词+主语+谓语Have you locked the door? Yes, I have.Can you play the piano? Yes, I can.2. 特殊疑问句：对句子中某一特殊局部提问的疑问句。结

38、构：特殊疑问词+ 一般疑问句特殊疑问词：“非常6+1，即6个W开头的疑问词what/who/which/where/when/why和1个H(How)开头的疑问词。how 与what的其他用法How much money do you want?How many pictures did you buy?How fast does he drive?How often do you go abroad?How many times do you go swimming in summer?How soon will you come back?How long have you been he

39、re？2What number are you?What color is your coat?What time is it?What day is it today?3. 选择疑问句：提供两种或两种以上的情况，供对方选择的。选择疑问句不能用Yes和No答复，其答案只能是问句中提到的两个选择之一，如果考试中出现选择疑问句的选择题，选项中的Yes和No都要排除.Do you like tea or coffee？ I like coffee.Do you speak English or French? I speak EnglishWho runs faster, Tom or John?

40、Tom.4.反意疑问句：附在陈述句之后，对陈述句所说的事实或观点提出疑问。结构：助动词/情态动词+主语， 前肯后否，前否后肯。小升初英语考试中，一般以填空或者选择的形式，让孩子把反义疑问句后半句补充完整，从而来考察孩子对反义疑问句的掌握。He likes playing football, doesnt he?He can speak English, cant he?其他类型反意疑问句的用法1There be 变成be thereThere are 3 dogs, arent there?Th here will be a meeting tomorrow, wont there?(2)祈使

41、句后的反意疑问句：肯定祈使句的反意疑问句通常用will you 或wont you, 否认祈使句的反意疑问句只用will you。Pass me a book, will you?Have another cup of tea, wont you?Dont watch too much TV, will you?Lets go shopping, shall we?Let us go now, will you?(3)陈述局部用 no, no one, nothing, nobody, never, few, little, seldom, hardly, rarely,等否认含义的词时，疑问

42、局部用肯定含义。Birds rarely build nests in our garden, do they?He hardly says such words, does he?(4)陈述句的主语是不定代词everything, something, anything, nothing时，其后的反意疑问句主语用it。Everything is right, isnt it?Nothing is in the box, is it?(5)陈述句的主语是不定代词everybody, everyone, somebody, someone, anybody, anyone, nobody, no

43、 one, none时，其后的反意疑问句主语用they。Everybody has got the new books, havent they?Everyone knows his job, dont they?Anyone can do that, cant they?No one is interested in math, are they?不定代词做主语的反义疑问句，指物的一般用it反问，指人的用they反问。(6)陈述局部的谓语是used to 时，疑问局部用didn't +主语或 usedn't +主语。She usted to climb the mountai

44、n, usednt she?/didnt she?(7)陈述局部有had better + do, 疑问句局部用hadn't you?You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you?(8) 含有宾语从句的主从复合句的反意疑问句中，简短问句一般反映主句中主、谓之间的关系。She said that they were happy, didnt she?You think that you are funny, dont you?_?但如果主句是I think, I believe等时，那么简短问句反映的是that从句中主语与谓语之

45、间的关系。I think (that) he is serious, isnt he?I dont think (that) he is serious, is he?(9) 否认前缀不能视为否认词，其反意疑问句仍用否认形式。 This is important, isn't it? He is unhappy, isnt he?四、肯定句：是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子，如：Im a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital.There are four fans in our classroom. He will eat lun

46、ch at 12:00. I watched TV yesterday evening.五、否认句：含有否认词或表示否认意义词的句子，如：Im not a student. She is not (isnt) a doctor.He does not (doesnt) work in a hospital. There are not (arent) four fans in our classroom. He will not (wont) eat lunch at 12:00. I did not (didnt) watch TV yesterday evening.注意 小结：否认句主要

47、是在肯定句的根底上加上了否认词 “not。有动词be的句子那么“not加在be后面，可缩写成“isnt，arent，但am not 一般都分开写。没有动词be的句子那么要先在主要动词的前面加上一个助动词do，does，did，然后在它后面加上“not，你也可以把它们缩写在一起如“dont , doesnt , didnt 。这三个助动词要根据人称和时态来选择，其中“does只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况，而“did只用于一般过去时，不管主语是什么人称和数，都用“did 。加强：一般疑问句：是指询问事实的句子，此类句子必须用“yes，或“no来答复。如：Are you a studen

48、t? Yes, I am / No, Im not.Is she a doctor? Yes, she is. / No, she isnt.Does he work in a hospital? Yes, he does. / No, he doesnt.Are there four fans in our classroom? Yes, there are. / No, there arent.Are you going to buy a comic book tonight? Yes, I am. / No, I am not. (Yes, we are. / No, we arent.

49、)Will he eat lunch at 12:00? Yes, I will. / No, I will not(wont).Are they swimming? Yes, they are. / No, they arent.Did you watch TV yesterday evening? Yes, I did. / No, I didnt.注意 小结：一般疑问句是在肯定句的根底上，把动词be调到首位，其他照写，末尾标点符号变成问号即可。没有动词be的句子那么要在句首加上一个助动词do，does，did再把紧跟在后面的动词变回原形，末尾标点符号变成问号即可。这三个助动词也要根据人称

50、和时态来选择，其中“does只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况，而“did只用于一般过去时，不管主语是什么人称和数，都用“did 。一般疑问句有个重要的原那么就是问和答要一致，即问句里的第一个单词助动词和简略答句里的这个词是一致的。4、特殊疑问句：以特殊疑问词what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等开头引导的句子。此类句子应该问什么就答什么，不能用“yes 、no来答复。如：What is this? Its a computer.What does he do? Hes a doctor.Where are you going? Im going to Beijing.Who played football with y you yesterday a