备战2020年中考英语专题复习——语法填空_短文类(真题)

1、备战2020年中考英语专题复习一一语法填空短文类(真题)一、语法填空(共10题；共92分)1 .阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个恰当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。The topic of this programme is environmental protection. We human beings(do) a lot of things at the cost of the environment to develop economy quickly in the past few years. I do think it is time for us to understand the(

2、important) of protecting the environment and do something about it. And today I would like(introduce) some simple but useful ways that we can follow(easy) in our daily life. Firstly, turn lights if it is unnecessary. Then, go out in environment friendly ways such as by bus, bysubway or by bike. We c

3、an even walk to work when possible,it is really helpful for both of our budget and health. Thirdly, try best to(use)things like books, paper, magazines and so on. And we can also take a cloth bag when we go(shop). Please don't use plastic ones. Of course the public should raise environmental awa

4、reness and realize it is(everyone) duty to protect the environment. Last but not least, the government should make laws to guide people's(behave).2 .阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。I have two friends in our class, Rick and Scott. Rick has a good lifestyle. He sleeps eight or nine (hour)a day

5、. So he can get up early in the morning. He exercises every day before having breakfast. He runs three times every week and plays soccer(one) a week. He also has good eating habits.He(try) to eat all kinds of fruits. He thinks apples are the(delicious) of all fruits. He believes "Having apple e

6、very day keeps the(ill)away. "He drinks milk every day and often eatsvegetables. He likes hamburgers he doesn't eat too much. He looks after his health well. Good eatinghabits and doing exercises every day are good for him.Scott is different Rick. He is kind of(health). He doesn't like

7、doing exercise and sleeps toolate. He likes eating junk food, too. He is fat now, and he(ask)to lose weight by his doctor.3 .阅读下面的材料，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(提示：每空不超过三个单 词)Dear Laura,Thanks for your message. Yes, I'm having a great time on my exchange program in France. I was a bit nervous befo

8、re I arrived here, but there was no reason to be. My host family is really nice.They go out of their way(make) me feel at home. The grandmother has a teenage granddaughter about my age is really kind. She always talks to me in French to help me practice. And you wouldn'tbelieve how quickly my Fr

9、ench has(improve)! I'm very comfortable speaking French now.I still make lots of mistakes, it doesn't worry me as it used to.My biggest challenge is learning how to behave at the dinner table.you can imagine, things are really different from the way they are at home. For example, you shouldn

10、't put your bread on your plate.You(suppose) to put it on the table! I thought that was pretty strange at first, but now I'm used to it. You shouldn't eat(something) with your hands except bread, not even fruit. You have to cut it up and eat it with a fork. Another thing is that it is ve

11、ry(polite) to say you're full. If you don't want any more food, you should just say, "It was delicious." Also, you shouldn't put your elbows on the table. I have to say that I find it difficult to remember everything, but I'm(gradual) getting used to it. I don't find Fr

12、ench customs so strange any more.Dear Laura, I'll write again soon and tell you more about my life in France. Hope you are having goodschool year.Yours, Lin Yue4 .根据短文内容所给提示，在文中的横线上填写一个正确的单词。I have a photo album (相册).It's a present from my classmate David.I got to know David on the(two) day

13、of middle school. We both liked playing basketball and collecting stamps, s we always had a lot of things to talk about. Once I traveled with him to hishometown in the countryside. He showed me a and I saw many interesting things. We had a(wonder) time. It is really nice to have such good classmate.

14、However, last summer, David(go) to another city because of his father's job. Before leaving, he gave(I) a photo album."It has the memorable events we have experienced together. I have alsowritten some(note) under each of these photos," he said. I was(deep) moved.I always look at the al

15、bum when I think David. I really miss him.5 .根据短文内容，用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词或情态动词。A bus ran off a bridge into the Yangtze River in Chongqing on October 28, 2018. The accident(cause) by a fight between the driver and a passenger, killing all 15 people on the bus.According to the police report, a 45 y

16、earold female passenger, surnamed Liu, argued with the driver, surnamed Ran. Liu was angry because Ran refused(stop) the bus after she missed her station. She then hit the driver, causing the accident. The video shows that Liu hit Ran with her mobile phone twice while Ran(drive) the bus. Rather than

17、 stop in the middle of the road. Ran kept driving. But in protecting himself, he lost control of the bus and a tragedy ( 悲居ij) happened.The police said that both Liu and Ran had broken criminal law by seriously endangering ( 危及)public safety. And the police(announce), "Liu hit the driver with h

18、er phone and prevented the driver from driving the bus safely. The driver, too, didn't do his best to make sure that his driving was safe."The accident also caused heated discussions on the Internet. Besides feeling terribly sorry for the tragedy, most Internet users blamed ( 指责)Liu, while

19、some others criticized the driver. More users were talking about what they should do. One Weibo user said, "We(stand) up and stop such fights between passengers and drivers(avoid) this kind of tragedy."Another user advised that a safety barrier ( 屏障)should be set up on the bus. It can stop

20、 passengers from (touch) the bus driver.6 .阅读下面短文，用括号内地词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词或情态动词。Have you ever read the book A brief History of Times ? It(write) by Stephen Hawking in 2013.Stephen Hawking was born on January 8th, 1942, exactly 300 years after the death of Galileo in Oxford, England. At the age of elev

21、en, Stephen went to Oxford University, his father's old college. After three years, he won a first class honour degree in(nature) science.In October 1962, Stephen arrived at the University of Cambridge(do) research. He(real) enjoyed his time there. Unluckily, Stephen had a bad(ill) shortly after

22、 his 21st birthday in 1963 and was given two years to live. Yet he went on(work) hard to become an excellent scientist. Stephen didn't live by(he), he fell in love with Jane Wilde and they got(marry) in 1965, then they had three(child).Hawking liked China very much, he had visited China several

23、times. On November 24th, 2017, Hawking (reply) Wang Junkai on his Weibo. He said he was pleased to answer the excellent question from Mr. Wang Junkai.He once said, "My goal is simple, it is complete understanding of the universe( 宇宙)."Stephen Hawking is regarded as one of the most famous s

24、cientists since Einstein. Hawking died on March 14th, 2018.7 .阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Twenty years ago, I drove a taxi for my life and sometimes I had to work at night.One late night, I got a telephone call a neighborhood. When I arrived there at 2: 30 am, the onlybuilding was dark except a

25、 single light in the(five) floor window. So I walked up and knocked at the door.Just a minute, "answered a weak voice. After a long time, the door opened and a small woman(stand) in front of me. Next to her was a small box.Quickly I took her box to the car and then returned to hold her. She kep

26、t(thank)me.When we got in the car, she asked, "Can you drive me through the blocks?"it's too late now, "I replied."I don't mind," she said slowly. "I'm in no hurry. The doctor says I don't have much time to live”I(quiet) turned off the meter( 计费器),For th

27、e next two hours, we drove through the city and passed the building where she had once worked, the neighborhood where she and her husband had lived ,and some other places. As sun was rising, we stopped in front of a low building. Twoyoung(woman) were waiting there. They were both the nurses who woul

28、d look after her."How much do I have to pay?" she asked."Nothing, "I replied. I was sure I would never forget this(pain)experience.She looked surprised, "You gave a woman who is dying a little moment of pleasure, "she said. "Thank you".Sometimes people may not

29、 remember exactly what you did or said. However, they'll always remember how you make(they) feel. And they'll never forget it.8 .语法填空We can't remember clearly when we started to take our mobiles to the dinner table. This often, (especial) when we eat out. Once a dish comes,of lifting our

30、 chopsticks, we take out our mobiles and click. Later, we post the photos onto Weibo or WeChat, waiting to be "liked". Then we check our mobiles from time to time during the meal to see whether we get "liked"not. We just cannot leave our mobiles for only a meal.Does that sound fa

31、miliar to you? Do you do that often ? If not, how do you feel when others do that while having dinner with you ?A recent study suggests that what we are used to(do) is not so good. Spending taking photos of food makes the food less pleasant. To test this, some researchers did an experiment. Some peo

32、ple were (ask) to take photos before they could enjoy food. As a , it showed that the (many) photos they took, the less delicious the food to them. Why not stop takingphotos and just enjoy the food in front of you ?So, next time you go out to have dinner with your family or friends. How about not(ta

33、ke) photos of food? Let the food be delicious as it is and share your life with people you. Trust me, and it will be awonderful time.9 .阅读下面短文，用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。One day, Mr. and Mrs. Smith are celebrating their (sixty) birthday. They got(marry) 30 years ago.During the party an angel (天使)turns up. &quo

34、t;You've been such a (love) couple for 30 years. I will give you one wish each," the angel says.Mrs. Smith wants (travel) around the world. The angel waves her wand ( 手杖)and boom (隆地一 声)! Mrs. Smith has the tickets in her hand.Next, it is Mr. Smith's turn. He thinks for a moment. "

35、Well, I'd like to have a woman 30 years(young) than me," he says shyly.The angel lifts up her wand, and boom! He turns 90.10 .阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。An old man went to India. When he got there, he saw some fruit for sale, but most of it was very cheap. The (cheap) thing has a b

36、asket of red fruit."How much per kilo?" the old man(ask)."Two rupees (卢比),"the shopkeeper answered. Two rupees in India is almost nothing,the old man bought a whole kilogram and started eating it.However, as soon as he started eating, his mouth began(burn), his eyes began to wate

37、r, and his whole face became as red the fruit. As he coughed and struggled to breathe, he jumped up and, screaming: "Ah! Ah! Ah!"And yet he continued to eat the fruit. Some people who were looking at him shook their(head) and said, "You are crazy! Those are chili peppers (辣椒)!You can&

38、#39;t just eat them by the handful!"The old man said to(he),"I paid for them, so I must eat them."This old man seemed pretty stupid. But are we so much smarter? All of us have(spend) money and time on something-maybe a relationship, or a business, or a job-and sometimes, even if we kn

39、ow there's no hope that things will change, we still continue with it.What we can learn the old man is this: if you've lost a lot over something that doesn't work, let itgo and move on. It's better than continuing to lose.答案解析部分、语法填空1 .【答案】have done； importance； to introduce ； easily

40、； off； because； use； shopping； everyone's；behavior【解析】【分析】文章大意：我们人类在过去的几年里为了快速发展经济，做了很多牺牲环境的事情。我认为是时候让我们了解保护环境并采取措施了。今天我想介绍一些简单但有用的方法。首先，如果不必要,要关闭灯。然后，绿色出行，比如坐公共汽车、坐地铁或骑自行车。如果可能的话，我们甚至可以步行去 上班。第三，尽量使用如书籍、纸张、杂志等这样的东西。当我们去购物时，我们也可以带一个布袋。当 然，公众应该提高环境意识，认识到保护环境是每个人的责任。最后，政府应该制定法律来指导人民的行 为。(1)句意：在过去的

41、几年里，为了快速发展经济，我们人类以牺牲环境为代价做了很多事情。根据in thepast few years ,可知现在完成时态，现在完成时的结构是have done。主语是复数，故答案是 have done。(2)句意：我认为是时候让我们了解保护环境的重要性并采取措施了。the importance of. , 的重要性，固定搭配，故答案是importance o(3)句意：今天，我想介绍一些简单但有用的方法, 是 to introduce。(4)句意：我们可以在日常生活中很容易地遵循。(5)句意：首先，如果没有必要的，关闭灯。关掉,would like to do ,想要干某事，固定搭配，

42、故答案副词修饰动词，follow是动词，故答案是 easily o turn off ,固定搭配，故答案是off。(6)句意：如果可能的话，我们甚至可以步行去上班，因为这对我们的预算和健康都很有帮助。这是一个原因状语从句，能够构成原因状语从句的是because,故答案是because。(7)句意：第三，尽量使用书籍、纸张、杂志等物品。 try best to do ,尽力做某事，固定搭配，故答案 是 use。(8)句意：我们也可以在购物时带一个布袋。go shopping,去购物，固定搭配，故答案是shoppingo(9)句意：当然，公众应该提高环境意识，认识到保护环境是每个人的责任。duty

43、名词，前面需要所有格，每个人的，故答案是 everyone's o(10)句意：最后，政府应该制定法律来指导人们的行为。people's是名词所有格，后面加名词，故答案是 behavior。【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章，字 斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍，检查验证。2 .【答案】hours; once; tries ; most delicious ; an； illness; but; from; unhealthy ; is asked【解析】【分析】主要讲了正在的两个朋友一一R

44、ick和Scott的不同的生活方式。(1)句意：他每天睡八九个小时。eight or nine后面用可数名词复数，hour的复数是hours,故答案为hours。(2)句意：他每周跑步三次，每周踢一次足球。once a week,每周一次，故答案为once。(3)句意：他试图吃各种水果。时态是一般现在时，主语是he,所以用动词的单三形式，故答案为tries。(4)句意：他认为苹果是所有水果中最美味的。由比较范围of all fruits推断此处填最高级形式，delicious的最高级是 the most delicious ,故答案为 most delicious 。(5)句意：每天吃一个苹果

45、可以使疾病远离。apple是以元音音素开头的单数名词，所以用冠词an,故答案为an O(6)句意：每天吃一个苹果可以使疾病远离。由空前的冠词the,推断此处填形容词 川的名词形式illness,疾病，故答案为illness。(7)句意：他喜欢吃汉堡包，但不吃太多。前后表示转折，所以用连词but,但是，故答案为 but。(8)句意：斯科特和里克不一样。be different from ,与不同，故答案为from。(9)句意：他有点不健康。根据前句可知Rick和Scott生活方式是不同的，Rick是健康的，所以 Scott是不健康的，is后面用形容词，unhealthy ,不健康的，故答案为 u

46、nhealthy o(10)句意：他现在很胖，医生要他减肥。主语 he是动作ask的承受者，时态是一般现在时，所以用一 般现在时的被动语态，结构是be+动词过去分词，主语是单数he,所以用is, ask的过去分词是asked,故答案为is asked。【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然后再逐一作答。 注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。3 .【答案】 to make； who/that ； improved ； Although/Though ； As； are supposed ； anything ； impolite ； gradually ； a【解

47、析】【分析】主要讲了林悦写信告诉Laura自己在法国当交换生的情况。(1)句意：他们特意让我感到宾至如归。go out of one's way to do sth.特意做某事，故填 to make。(2)句意：那个奶奶有一个和我年龄相仿的孙女，并且她是友好的。根据句子可知是定语从句，先行词 是granddaughter ,指的是人，所以关系词用who/that ,故填 who/that 。(3)句意：你不相信我的法语已经提高了多快。has+动词过去分词，表示现在完成时，improve的过去分词是 improved ,故填 improved。(4)句意：尽管我仍然犯许多错误，但是它不像

48、过去一样使我担心。虽然我仍然有错，但是不让我担心，所以用 although/though ,故填 Although /Though。(5)句意：正如你可以想象的。as you can imagine,正如你可以想象的，故填 As。(6)句意：你应该把它放在桌子上。be supposed to do应该做某事，时态是一般现在时，主语是 you ,所以用 are,故填 are supposed。(7)句意：你不应该用你的手吃任何东西。句子是否定句，所以用 anything ,故填anything o(8)句意：另一件事是说你饱了是非常不礼貌的。根据后句If you don't want a

49、ny more food, you shouldjust say, "It was delicious."如果吃饱了，仅仅说食物是美味的，说饱了是不礼貌的。polite礼貌的，其对应词是impolite , is后面用形容词，故填 impolite。(9)句意：但是我逐渐习惯于它。副词修饰实义动词，getting是实义动词，所以用形容词 gradual的副词 gradually , 故填 gradually。(10)句意：希望你一直有个愉快的学年。year是单数，good以辅音音素开头，所以用a,故填a。【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意，首先读

50、一遍，然后再逐一作答。 注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。4 .【答案】 second ； so； around ； wonderful ； a； went； me； notes ； deeply ； of【解析】【分析】文章大意本文主要叙述大卫给作者相册的经过。(1)考查数词。句意：我在中学的第二天认识了大卫。根据前面的the和可数名词单数day,要用序数词。基数词two的序数词second,故答案为：secondo(2)考查连词。句意：我们都喜欢打篮球和集邮，所以我们总是有很多事情要谈。根据前后句判断应该填连词，有共同的爱好，所以才会有共同语言，是因果关系，根据首字母，要用连词so,故答案为：s

51、o。(3)考查固定短语。句意：他带我四处转转， 我看到了许多有趣的事情。根据下文I saw many interestingthings.可知带她四处转转。由 show和首字母，可知要用 show sb. around,带某人参观，固定短语，故答 案为：around。(4)考查形容词。句意：我们玩得很开心。 空格后有名词time,要用形容词修饰作定语。wonder,惊讶，动词或名词，形容词为 wonderful。have a wonderful time ,过得愉快或玩得高兴，固定短语，答案为： wonderful 。(5)考查不定冠词。句意：有这么好的同学真是太好了。classmate,同学

52、，可数名词单数，其前要用不定冠词，且good是以辅音音素开头，要用不定冠词a,故答案为：a。(6)考查一般过去时。句意：去年夏天，大卫因为他父亲的工作去了另一个城市。根据前面的时间状语 last summer,可知句子要用一般过去时，go的过去式went,故答案为：went。(7)考查代词宾格。句意：在离开之前，他给了我一本相册。give,给，及物动词。要接双宾语，give sb. sth. give动词后要用代词宾格，I的宾格me,故答案为：me。(8)考查名词复数。句意：我也在每张照片下面写了一些笔记。note,日记，可数名词；空格前有some,其后要用可数名词复数notes ,故答案为：

53、notes。(9)考查副词。句意：我深深地感动了。根据 moved ,感动，动词；修饰动词要用副词。形容词 deep 的副词形式为deeply,故答案为：deeply。(10)考查固定短语。句意：每当我想起大卫时，我总是看这个相册。think of,表示想到，想起。固定短语，故答案为：of。【点评】考查语法填空。主要涉及的名词复数、序数词、一般过去时、人称代词宾格、连词副词等。5 .【答案】 was caused; to stop; was driving ； announced ; should stand ； to avoid; touching【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章记叙了一个刘姓

54、女乘客和公共汽车司机冉打斗致使公共汽车上的15人全被杀死的事故，这次事故掀起了网络上的热议，提出了解决办法。(1)句意：这次事故被司机和乘客之间的打斗造成的。cause：造成，引起，和accident是被动关系，要用被动语态，根据前面的时间状语可知要用一般过去时，主语是单数，故答案为was causedo(2)句意：刘生气了因为刘错过了她的站，冉拒绝停车。拒绝做某事：refuse to do sth,故答案为to stop。(3)句意：录像显示当冉开车的时候，刘用她的手机打了冉两次。叙述过去正在进行的动作要用过去进行时，主语是单数，故答案为 was driving o(4)句意：警察宣布说，刘

55、用手机击中司机，阻止司机安全地开公共汽车。”发生在过去的事情要用一般过去时，故答案为announced。(5)句意：一个微博使用者说，为了避免这种悲剧的发生，我们应该站起来阻止乘客和司机之间的打斗。”表示理应做某事要用 should do sth.故答案为should stand。(6)句子中已有动词，avoid是非谓语动词，动词不定式做目的状语，故答案为to avoid。(7)句意：它能阻止乘客触碰公共汽车司机。stop sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事，故答案为touching。【点评】考查语法填空，首先通读全文掌握大意，然后根据所给词或者上下文写出正确的单词，主语时态

56、， 语态和固定搭配，确保文章通顺、完整。6 .【答案】was written ; natural; to do; really; illness; working ; himself; married; children ; replied【解析】【分析】主要讲了霍金的生平。(1)句意：它是由史蒂芬霍金在2013年写的。主语it是动作write的承受者，时态是一般过去时，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，结构是 was/were+动词过去分词，主语it是单数，所以用 was, write的过去分 词是 written ,故填 was written 。(2)句意：他在自然科学方面赢得班级一等学位。s

57、cience是名词，形容词修饰名词，名词 nature的形容词是 natural ,故填 natural o(3)句意：斯蒂芬到达剑桥大学做调查。do,做，动词，来剑桥大学的目的是做调查，所以用 to do不定式表目的，故填to do。(4)句意：他真地在那里享受他的时间。real,真是的，形容词，副词修饰实义动词，enjoyed是实义动词，形容词 real的副词是really,故填really。(5)句意：斯蒂芬在1963年21岁生日后很快得了严重的疾病。ill,生病的，形容词，形容词修饰名词，bad是形容词，形容词ill的名词是illness, a后面用单数，故填illness。(6)句意

58、：他继续努力工作成为一名极好的科学家。work ,工作，动词，go on doing sth.继续做某事，所以用 working ,故填 working。(7)句意：斯蒂芬不能自己生活。he,他，主格人称代词，by oneself,某人自己，he的反身代词是himself, 故填 himself。(8)句意：他们在1965年结婚。marry,结婚，动词，get married ,结婚，故填 married o(9)句意：他们有了 3个孩子。three后面用复数，child的复数是children ,故填children o(10)句意：霍金在微博上回复王俊凯。reply ,回复，动词，时态是一

59、般过去时，所以用 replied ,故填replied。【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然后再逐一作答。 注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。7 .【答案】from ; fifth ; stood ; thanking ; But; quietly ; the ; women ; painful; them【解析】【分析】(1)句意：天深夜，我接到一个邻居打来的电话。根据 I got a telephone call可知是来 自某人的电话，从from ,故答案为：from。(2)句意：当我凌晨2： 30到达那里时，除了五楼的窗户上只有一盏灯外，唯一的一栋楼是漆黑的。在 第几楼用序数词，fifth第五，修饰名词，故答案为：fifth。(3)句意：过了很长一段时间，门开了，一个小女人站在我面前。根据the door opened and a small woman可知用一般过去时，