比较级与最高级

1、比较级与最高级比较的用法:双方比较,表示一方超过另一方时，用“比较级+than”的结构表示。例如：this pen is但注意这种表达法:she is thebetter than that one. he is cleverer than his sister.older of the two sisters.表示一方不及另一方时，用"less+原级+than”的结构表示。例如：this park is lessbeautiful than that one.表示一方超过另一方的程度或数量时, 可在比较级前加表示程度的状语（ 如 even,a lot,abit,a little,s

2、till,much,far,yet,by farbefore. things are far worse than expected.等 ) 修饰。例如 :he works even harder than注意 : 英语比较级前若无even,still,yet等时，译成汉语时可用“较”或“一些”，或不译出，一般不用“更"。例如：she feels better than yesterday. 她比昨天好些了。 please come earlier tomorrow. 请明天早点来。注意 :by far 通常用于强调最高级。用于比较级时, 一般放在比较级的后面, 如放在前面, 应在中

3、间加“ the ”。例如 :he is taller by far than his brother.he is by far the taller of the two brothers.表示一方随另一方的程序而变化，即表达“越（就）越”意义时，用the+比较级（主语 +谓语 ）,the+ 比较级 （ 主语 +谓语 ） ”的结构。例如 :the harder he worked,the more progress he made. the more you listen to english,the easier it becomes.不与其它事物相比，表示本身程度的改变，即表达“越来越”意

4、义时，用“比较级+and+比较级" 的结构。 例如 ：the weather is getting colder and colder. the city is becoming more and more beautiful.“no+比较级”与“ not+比较级”结构含义不同。“no+比较级”表示两个人（事物）都含有与该形容词相反的属性; “not+ 比较级”表示两个事物都具有该形容词的属性, 只是在程度上前者不如后者。试比较:tom is no taller than jack.（=tom is as short as jack.） tomis not taller than j

5、ack.（=tom is not so tall as jack.）某些以 or 结尾的形容词进行比较时, 用 to 代替 than 。 （ 这些词有inferior,superior,junior,senior,prior等。 ） 例如 :he is su-perior to mr. wang inmathematics.在比较从句中 , 为了避免重复, 我们通常用 that（those）,one（ones） 代替前面出现的名词。that 指物 ,one 既可指人 , 也可指物。 that 可代替可数名词单数和不可数名词, 而 one 只能代替可数名词。例如 :the book on the

6、 table is more interesting than that on the desk.a box made of iron is stronger than the one made of wood.倍数表示法。假定两事物 a和b对比，比较中有a是b的几倍和a比b大（小）几倍两种情 况:(1)a 是 b 的几倍可表示为:a is.times as+形容词 (副词 )原级 +asb./a is.times the size(length/height/amount etc.)of b.例如 : 这座桥是旧桥的 3 倍长。 this bridge is three times as l

7、ong as the old one. this bridge is t hree times the length of the old one. 解题过程 (2)a比b大(小)几倍或多(少)几倍可表示为：a is.times+比较级 +thanb./a is.times+more(less)than b.例如 : 这座桥比旧桥长 3 倍。 this birdge is threetimes longer than that of the old one.=this bridge is four times as long as the old one. 再如 : 我厂今年的产量比去年多 2

8、 倍。 the output of our plant this year is twice larger than last year.=the output of our plant this year is three times the amount of last year. 用 times 表示倍数 , 一般只限于表示包括基数在内三倍或三倍以上的数。表示 两倍可以用twice 或 double 。最高级的用法:三者或三者以上相比，表示最高程度时，用“the+最高级”的结构表示。这种句式一般常有表示比较范围的介词短语。例如 :zhang hua is the tallest of t

9、he three. he works(the)hardest in his class. this is the most brave nation in the world.最高级可被序数词以及much,by far,nearly,almost,by no means,not quite,notreally,nothing like 等词语所修饰。例如 :this hat is by far/much/nearly/almost/not nearly/by no means/not quite/nothing like the biggest. how much did the second

10、 most expensive hat cost.表示“最高程度”的形容词(如ex-cellent,extreme,pefect,favourite等)没有最高级也不能用比较级。形容词最高级修饰作表语或介词宾语的名词、代词时，被修饰的词往往省略。例如：he isthe tallest(boy)in his class.作状语的副词最高级前可以不加定冠词。例如：of all the boys he came(the)earliest.下列比较级结构可用来表同一范畴内的最高级的含义:1.形/副比较级 +than+any other+ 单数可数名词< (any of) the other+复数

11、名词any others/the othersany of the+ 复数名词2. 形 / 副比较级 +than+anyone else/anything else3. 形 / 副比较级 +than+ever(before)4. no+形/副比较级 包句than分句,例如：india produces more films than any other country in the world .they make fun of me because i m shorter than anyone else.they make fun of me because i m shorter tha

12、 n anyone else.as a result,the number of people who travel by plane in china is larger than ever before.mary is no richer than jane.主题：比较级和最高级.收藏本贴 | 好友分享 | 推广拿分点击:401 | 回复 :4 | 标签 : 语法 写作 阅读形容词比较级：一般情况下+ereg tall-taller以辅音字母+y 结尾要去掉y+ierhappy-happier以一个原因+一个辅音结尾要双写+erbig-bigger多音节单词（3个音节或以上）要+more+

13、原级beautiful-more beautiful不规则：good-better / well-better / bad-worse / ill-worsemany-more / much-more / far-further /little-lessthan 的用途是“比”的意思。be 后，比较级前，可以加一些修饰词， eg:a little 一点点 / a lot+much 很多 /句子：He is taller than me.He is 30cm taller than me.He is a little taller than me.形容词比较级前一般不加the ，加 the 是指

14、特指。eg:The more popular one is better.比较级与最高级强化练 作者：柳 畅 文章来源：英语辅导报点击数： 238 更新时间： 2008-7-29 11:10:19I. 用所给词的适当形式填空。1. He is one of (tall) boys in ourclass.2. Tom studies even (hard).3. This book is not so (useful) asthat one.4. Look! How fast! Yeah. Jack usually runs (fast)than the others.5. Lin Ming

15、speaks English as (good)as I.II 单项选择。1. Now the air in our hometown is thanit was before. Something must be done.A. much better B. more worseC. more better D. much worse2. Jim is as as his brother.A. taller B. more tallC. tall D. tallest3. Lesson 10 is than Lesson 9.A. difficult B. more difficultC.

16、very difficult D. too difficult4. I was feeling tired last night, so I went to bed than usual.A. early B. earlierC. late D. later5. Jim is running Bruce. They are neckand neck.A. faster than B. as fast asC. as faster as D. more slowly thanIII 句型转换，每空一词。1. John is the cleverest boy in his class.John

17、is than boy in his class.2. This book is less interesting than that one.This book is that one.3. Wang Dong doesn't work so carefully as Jim. Wang Dong works than Jim.4. David is the strongest boy in his class. is stronger than David in his class.5. August is the hottest month in China.August is

18、usually than in China.参考答案： I. 1. the tallest 2. harder 3. useful 4. faster 5. wellII. 1 5 DCBBBIII. 1. cleverer, any other 2. not as / so interesting as 3. less carefully 4. Nobody else 5. hotter, any other monthUnit 2:Biggest,Longest,Widest一 . 单词辩音1.ordinary record gorge tortoise orange2.locate wh

19、ole ton kilo3.lift kilo list ordinary4.dam whale gram average5.1 ength centimeter rest rent二 . 词型变化 :1. 复数 tower dam ton bat human gram cheetah2. 同义词 / 近义词 almost3. 反义词 pull thick narrow usual4. 副词fast careful early usual wide5. 名词long weigh6. 比较级和最高级 far big wide fast funny三 . 短语all over the world

20、an unusual record be proud of be proud to be be surprised at be surprised to do sth.be located on/in four times as as find outget tired help sb. do sth. hold a world record make a list of records more than on average play the violin ride a bicycle backwards take turns (doing sth.) the whole length o

21、f try to do sth. try doing sth.try one s best to do sth. the sam e as without stopping write down四 . 句型和日常用语1.I have no idea . 2.That s very kind of you! 3.It is more than three kilometers long .4.How wonderful/nice ! 5. I m so happy. 6. It s well done .7.1 m pleased to know that 8.That s lovely/gre

22、at !五重点词汇用法举例1. cost /spend /pay for：Sth. cost （sb.） some money. 某物花费 / 值（某人）一些钱。The book cost me $20.Sb. spend some money on sth./in doing sth.某人在某物上花去一些钱/某人做某事花了一些钱I spent $ 20 on the book. I spent $ 20 in buying the book.Sb. pay some money for sth.某人为某物付了一些钱 I paid $ 20 for the book.2. be proud 感

23、到自豪 be proud of 为- 感到自豪 be proud to 作为 - 而自豪We are proud of our motherland. I ' m proud to be a student in our class.3. be full of =be filled with充满 -It was full of her family s photographs. The glass is full of water. The glass isfilled with water.fill-with-用 - 装满 - He filled the glass with wat

24、er.4. be amazing 令人惊奇 Some records are amazing.5. be surprised to do sth. 做某事感到吃惊I am surprised to hear the news. I was surprised to read about the man who pulled the train. be surprised at sth. 对 - 感到吃惊 I am surprised at the news.to one' s surprise出乎某人意料地；令某人吃惊的是 To my surprise, the window isop

25、en.6. “must+现在完成时”表示对过去情况的推测，意为“肯定；一定”That train must have weighed more than one thousand kilos ! He must have come."must+be”表示对现在情况的推测 He must be in the library .7. might have to 表示对未来事情的推测“也许不得不 ; 也许得”Some day ， I might have to pull a train with them !8. have fun with 对 有乐趣 ; 对 很开心 Danny had

26、fun with his class records.They had fun with their class meeting. have fun doing sth. 做某事有乐趣/ 愉快地做某事We have learning English every day.六语法：形容词比较级和最高级的用法1 比较级的用法：两者相比，用比较级。基本句型为：主语+系动词+比较级+than+ 比较的对象Li Ming is taller than Tom. This book is more interesting than that one .注意：有时比较级前加much （得多），a little

27、（ 一点儿）,even（甚至，更加），still（ 更加） 。例如：She is much fatter than before. He is a little taller than me.比较级 +and+比较级：表示“越来越一 ."如： Whenspring comes,the weather gets warmer and warmer .The+比较级,the+比较级：表示“越越." 例如： The more you eat, the fatter you will be .2形容词最高级的用法：三者或三者以上相比较，用最高级。基本句型为：主语+系动词+the+最

28、高级+of/in 短语(比较的范围)Li Ming is the tallest in our school. This book is the most interesting of all.3形容词同级相比较的用法甲乙相比，情况一样，基本句型为：甲 +系动词+as+原级+as+乙Li Ming is as tall as Tom. This book is as interesting as that one .甲乙相比，情况不一样，基本句型为：甲+系动词的否定式+so/as+原级+as+乙Li Ming isn t so tall as Tom. This book isn t so i

29、nteresting as that one .七练习I 词型变化 :1. 复数 human gram 2. 同义词 almost 3. 反义词 pull usual 4. 副词 wide usual5. 名词 long weigh 6. 比较级和最高级far fastII 选择所给词的适当形式或正确答案填空1. That s very kind you! (for/of) 2. I m happy. (so/such)3. wonderful! (what/how) 4.It s well .(do/did/done).5.I m pleased that. (to know / for know/at know)6.We are proud our motherland. (of/f