定语从句基础

1、 The Attributive Clause 师院附中 She is a beautiful girl. She is a comedy actress. She is the girl under the tree. She is the girl praised by teachers and chassmates.定语从句的定义定语从句的定义 eg. The computer that I bought in Nanjing this summer works wonderfully.1) A plane is a machine _ can fly.2) Who was hurt i

2、n the accident_ happened yesterday? 3)Have you found the bike_ you lost? that /whichthat/whichwhich/that/-关系代词关系代词 作宾语可以省略作宾语可以省略1)The girls_werent badly hurt in the accident are my classmates. 2) He knew the teacher _we met yesterday.who/thatwho/whom/that/-关系代词关系代词 作宾语可以省略作宾语可以省略This is a house.I l

3、ive in the house.This is a house.I live in the house.This is a house _ I live in.which/that/-This is a house in _ I live.whichThis is a house _ I livewherein whichI will never forget the days.We played together during the days.I will never forget the days _we played together during.which/that/I will

4、 never forget the days during _we played together.whichI will never forget the days _we played together.when.during whichHe explained the reason.He was late for the reason.He explained the reason_he was late for.which/that/He explained the reason for _he was late.whichHe explained the reason _he was

5、 late.whyfor which I saw a woman. The womans bag was stolen. I saw a woman _ bag was stolen.q Please show me the book. The books cover is red. Please show me the book _ cover is red.whoseThe womansThe bookswhose以下情况，引导词用以下情况，引导词用that，不用，不用which。1.先行词为不定代词先行词为不定代词 everything，little, much，all，anything

6、，nothing, none, few时时4. 先行词前有先行词前有形容词最高级、序数词形容词最高级、序数词修饰时，修饰时，5.先行词被先行词被 all, any , every, little, much, no, some, the only，the very，the last 修饰时，修饰时，2.先行词同时先行词同时指人和指物指人和指物时，时，3. 在在以以which / who 为疑问词为疑问词的特殊疑问句中的特殊疑问句中 1. This is all _ I know about the matter. A. that B. what C. who D. whether2. Is t

7、here anything else _ you require? A. which B. that C. who D. what3. The last place _ we visited was the Great Wall. A. which B. that C. where D. itExercise:that4. He talked happily about the men and books_ interested him greatly in the school. A. which B. that C. it D. whom5. There is no dictionary

8、_ you can find.A. that B. which C. where D. in that6. Is oxygen the only gas _ helps fire burn? A. it B. / C. which D. that7. Which was the hotel _ was recommended to you? A. where B. which C. that D. it先行词为先行词为人和物的人和物的组合组合先行词被先行词被all, little, much, every, no, 等等修饰时修饰时先行词被序数词或最高级修饰，先行词前先行词被序数词或最高级修饰

9、，先行词前有序数词有序数词(the first),形容词最高级形容词最高级(the best), the last, the very, the only 等时。等时。which that作定语从句的宾语.I like the book (which / that) you bought yesterday.This is a truck which / that is made in China.作主语作宾语可省略关系代词与介词关系代词与介词介词放在关系代词的前面时介词放在关系代词的前面时, 介词宾语只能介词宾语只能用用which代物代物, 和和whom代人。代人。(介词在末尾时介词在末尾时

10、, 关系词可以省略关系词可以省略)1) This is the hero (whom/that/who) we are proud of. This is the hero of whom we are proud. 2) She is the girl (whom/that/who ) I went with there. She is the girl with whom I went there. 关系代词前介词关系代词前介词(介词介词which/whom)的的确定确定1.根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系。根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系。Is that the newspaper _

11、you often write article?for which2. 根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配。Can you explain to me how to use these idioms _ I am sure.about which 3. 根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯。1949 was the year _ the P.R.C. Was founded.in which当关系代词作当关系代词作look after, look for等不能拆开使用等不能拆开使用的及物动词性短语的宾语时的及物动词性短语的宾语时, 介词不可以提前。

12、介词不可以提前。The old man whom I am looking after is better .1. This is the car _which I bought last year. 2. This is the car _which I paid 100$.3. This is the car _which I spent 100$.4. This is the car _which I go to work every day.5. This is the car _ which I cant go to work.-foronbywithout6. This is th

13、e car _which the old man was knocked down7. This is the car _which a boy threw a stone.8. This is the car _which we talked .byatabout10. I want to find the very pen _ which I wrote that letter.11. They are the students _ whom our teachers are thinking highly.12. It is important to choose good friend

14、s _ whom you can share your feelings and thoughts.13. It will not be necessary to name the person _ whom the card belongs.14. I would always like to do business with those people _ whom I can rely.withof withtoon / upon15.This is the book _ which we can learn a lot. 16.This is the book _ which we of

15、ten talk.17.This is the book _ which I wrote down many notes.fromaboutin1. This is the town _ I was born. This is the town _ I visited last week.2. I will never forget the day _ I came to school. I will never forget the day _ I spent with you.3. This is the reason _ he was late. This is the reason _

16、 he told me. wherewhichwhenwhichwhythat I will never forget the days that we spent together. His mother ,whom he loved dearly,died 2 years ago. He will make a trip to Suzhou, which is famous for its beautiful scenery.限定性定语从句：限制、缩小范围限定性定语从句：限制、缩小范围非限定性定语从句：不用限制，补充说明非限定性定语从句：不用限制，补充说明 限制性定语从句对先行词起限制、确

17、定的限制性定语从句对先行词起限制、确定的作用，是先行词不可缺少的定语，如果省作用，是先行词不可缺少的定语，如果省去，主句的意思就会不完整，不明确或不去，主句的意思就会不完整，不明确或不合逻辑。这种定语从句和主句之间不能用合逻辑。这种定语从句和主句之间不能用逗号隔开。逗号隔开。 二、非限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句和主句关系不密切，去掉定语从句，句子的意思仍然完整。形式上用逗号把主句和从句分开。使用时应注意以下几点： 非限制性定语从句不能用that引导。 非限制性定语从句中的关系词不可省略，不管在从句中充当什么成分。 He came back late, which made his moth

18、er worried.He came back late定语从句的省略1.关系代词做宾语且前面无代词时，关系代词可省略。p562.The people who were living in the village have moved to other places.Who were1.The basket which is full of flower belongs to me.2.The meeting which will be held tomorrow is of great importance.3.The meeting which was held yesterday is

19、of great importance.4.The problem which is bothering us is the lack of money. 5. The book which has been given to him is an English novel. 6.I know the men who are sitting in the car. 7.The men who owns that car will be fined for illegally park. 8. She is the girl who is under the tree.as & which 都可

20、引导非限制性都可引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句的内容。定语从句，指代整个主句的内容。She failed in the exam ,which /as was natural . He is an honest boy, which/as anybody can see.The man seemed a German ,which /as in fact he was.区别：位置 As we all know ,China is a developing country.China, as we all know , is a developing country.China is a developing country,as we all know .Which只能放在主句后面，而只能放在主句后面，而as引导的从引导的从句位置相对较灵活，可在前，可在中，也句位置相对较灵活，可在前，可在中，