英语体育新闻的翻译

1、4. Translation of English sports news4.1 Criteria of translation Yan Fu, one of the most important figures in modern period of translation in China, set down the triple translation criteria of "faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance" (Zhang Yanqing, Xi Dong, 2007:5). These criteria have

2、 great influence after them came into being. Faithfulness requires that the meaning in the target language should be faithful to the meaning of the original. Expressiveness is the requirement of intelligibility of the target language text. The translated should be in accordance with the language rul

3、es of the target language. Elegance requires a translation to be esthetically pleasing (Zhang Yanqing, Xi Dong, 2007:5).4.2 Existing Problems in English Sports News Translating4.2.1 Insufficient understanding of the contextTranslators should use the context to make out the meaning. Each word when us

4、ed in a new context is a new word (Firth, J. R. 1957: 23). Therefore, a full understanding of the original text is particularly important. 17) Although Louis Van Gaal usually played Rivaldo in a left wing position, Rivaldo enjoys an ever - increasing amount of freedom and he has become the natural l

5、eader of the team, the linchpin of Barcas attack (China Daily, Dec. 6, 2004). ( 在主教练路易斯·范加尔的安排下, 里瓦尔多在巴萨队中担任左边锋, 享受更多的自由, 并成为了球队的领袖和进攻的核心。)Play has many meanings. In this sentence, it is the key to grasp of the meaning of "play", through reading of the sentence, we know that this para

6、graph is talking about under Coach Louis Van Gaal's arrangement; Rivaldo worked as left wing and enjoy more freedom, and become the team leader at Barcelona. Therefore, play should be understood here as "act as" or "arrangement".4.2.2 Insufficient cultural background informat

7、ion Because of cultural background differences between western countries and China, in English sports reports, there are many words have connotation from the history, religion and culture. It is cultural difference that hinders the translators from accurately making transfers between two languages;

8、it is also cultural difference that makes it difficult for the reader of the target text to obtain the real intention of the original author. (Zhang Yanqing, Xi Dong, 2007:92) If the translator do not have a good cultural background knowledge of the original text; their translation will be difficult

9、 to understand. Translators should accurately grasp the meaning of the original text, so that they could work out an accurate translation. 18) This time, Liverpool will really become the Bull of Bashan for us (Xu Hui, 2007: 132). (这次，利物浦真的要成为我们强劲的对手了。) It is difficult to translate "Bull of Bash

10、an", if the translator does not know what it is. If the translator renders Bashan” into "巴珊的牛, " it may confuse the readers. "Bull of Bashan" comes from the Bible, and the phase can be translated into "强劲的对手" here.4.2.3 Lack of general knowledge of sportsMastering

11、certain general knowledge of sports can help translator have a better understand of the original text. As a result, it is important for translators to accumulate some general knowledge of sports.19) England, who have not won the World Cup for four decades, were fortunate to emerge with a 1-0 win in

12、Frankfurt, relying on an early own goal by Paraguay captain Carlos( China Daily, April 10, 2006) ( Zhang Hailin, 2009:127). ( 英格兰已经40多年没有取得世界杯了，但它依靠巴拉圭队长卡洛斯的一记乌龙球，在法兰克福幸运地以一比零战胜了对手。)In the sentence above appeared a word which is quite common in is modern sports events, such as football, hockey and s

13、o on, that is "own goal". If the translator render the phrase "own goal" into "自家球", readers may find that it is difficult to understand and feel confused. Actually, translator should render “own goal” into "乌龙球" is reasonable.4.3 Translation strategies of Eng

14、lish sport newsJust as what Newmark points out the main aim of the translator is to produce as nearly as possible the same effect on his readers as was produced on the readers of the original. The translator should consider the differences of words and grammar between English and Chinese news, and u

15、se various translation methods to keep the original meaning of English news. At the same time the habitual expression of Chinese should be considered. 4.3.1 Literal translation Literal translation, also known as direct translation in everyday usage has the meaning of the rendering of text from one l

16、anguage to another rather than conveying the sense of the original. Sun Ping argues literal translation is used when the content and the form are very close in the two languages. When there are no cultural differences or habitual expression differences between Chinese news and English news, literal

17、translation is a suitable method for E-C news translation. (Sun Ping, 2004:23)20) Each Olympiad is a period of four years (China Daily, Aug. 9, 2004). (每届奥运会之间相隔4年。) (Xu Hui, 2007: 132)The news is a simple sentence, translator just render the English sentence into Chinese word for word is accepted.

18、There is no obstacle for readers to understand the translation, and translation version is true to the original text. So here using literal translation is reasonable.21) Do you know who scored the first hat-trick in the 2006 German World Cup( Zhang Hailin, 2009:127)? (你知道谁在2006年德国世界杯上第一个上演帽子戏法吗?) Th

19、e word "hat-trick" derives from cricket, and then gradually introduced to football game, which means the same player scored three goals. Because "hat-trick" is commonly known to Chinese football fans, so the translator can render "hat-trick" into "帽子戏法" in the

20、 sentence directly. Therefore, applied literal translation here is suitable.With the advent of globalization, an increasing number of new words are introduced to China. And some new words have become familiar to Chinese readers. 4.3.2 Free translationSun Ping (2004:23) points out when the content is

21、 the same and the wording and phrasing are quite different between the original and the target language, the free translation has to be adopted. (Sun Ping, 2004:23) Free translation need not pay attention to the form of the original, including construction of the original sentences, meaning and meta

22、phor of the original and so on. But free translation does not mean to delete or add content to the original and translators must consider the original carefully, and express the meaning of the original. 22) Playing in misty weather that resembled a scene out of Wuthering Heights the players look lik

23、e listless ( Zhang Hailin, 2009:127). (在沉闷压抑的迷雾天气中练习, 球员们看上去都无精打采的。) If the translator applied this sentence to word-for-word translation, the sentence might be rendered into (在看似呼啸山庄场景的迷雾天气中练习, 球员们看上去都无精打采的。) Some Chinese reader may be familiar with Wuthering Heights, but some are not. Although Wut

24、hering Heights is a world famous masterpiece, at some extent, many Chinese readers do not understand the theme and scene of the novel. Therefore, it is difficult for them to master the connotation of the sentence. The theme of the novel Wuthering Heights quite heavy and readers sometimes have the fe

25、eling of pressure. Whats more, Wuthering Heights here means isolation from crowd and people, which implies the place where the player trained is far away from city. When readers read this translation version, the vivid scene will appear in their mind.4.3.3 Separating of sentencesRigid sentence can b

26、e quite common in English sport news, while elastic sentences are commonly seen in Chinese. In this case, long English sentence can be divided into several Chinese in order to make the translation cohesive. (Chang Yanqing, Xi Dong, 2007:88)For instance:23) They will fly to Doha where the 15th Asia G

27、ames will be held (Xu Hui, 2007: 134). (他们将乘飞机去多哈, 第15届亚运会将在那里举行。) The original text is just one sentence. The Chinese translation version is divided into two parts, which is accorded to Chinese ways of expression.4.3.4 Combining of sentencesWhen the sentences are short and the sentence is an attrib

28、utive clause, we can translate the attributive clause into a "的" structure, making it preceding word being modified, and translating the complex sentence into a simple Chinese sentence. (Chang Yanqing, Xi Dong, 2007:59). This method is often used to deal with restrictive attributive.24) Po

29、wer, which is demonstrated in projecting the body, is an important contribute or to agility (China Daily, April. 25, 1999). (Xu Hui, 2007: 134). The original text is an attributive clause; in the Chinese version translator combine the two parts into one part. In the translation version, translator p

30、ut the complex into a simple sentence.4.3.5 Against the order of the original version Some English sentences follow the order different from, or even opposite to the Chinese way of expression(Chang Yanqing, Xi Dong, 2007:86). In this case, the English sentences should be translated against the origi

31、nal order. 25) Moscow, which hosted the boycott-affected 1980 Summer Games, is competing against Paris, London, Madrid and New York for the right to stage sports biggest event (Sun Guangxu, 2007:142) (巴黎，伦敦，纽约，马德里和莫斯科这五个城市竞争2012年夏季奥运会主办权。其中莫斯科曾经成功举办了1980年的夏季奥运会。) This sentence is composed of one mai

32、n clause and one attributive clause. According to the Chinese way of expression, the sentence is rendered against the original version. This translated version is not in the original text sequence. The translator puts the five cities on the head of this news to emphasize the confliction and absorb p

33、eoples attention.5. ConclusionEnglish sport news is a kind of news reports, and there is no doubt that English sports will draw more and more attention and play an important part in todays people daily life.In Chapter One and Chapter Two, the paper gives an overview and the functions of English spor

34、ts news. In chapter Three, the author makes an analysis about the language characteristics of English sports news, including lexical features, syntactic characteristics, and rhetorical characteristics. In chapter four, the author analyzes the existing problems in the translating of English sports ne

35、ws. Then the author proposes specific translation strategies of English sports news. Compared with that of literature translation, the study of sports news translation is still in its early stage and it has posed problems at different levels and situation because of various factors. In this paper, t

36、he author tries to give a detailed account of the language characteristics of English sports news, and meanwhile digs into the possible causes leading to mistranslation. Finally, based on translation theories and concrete examples, the author attempts to offer some practical strategies to be applied

37、 in the practice of English sports news translating. Language is dynamic; there are even changes every moment. However, the author does hope that the paper may serve as a reference for further studies and have some value for readers to read English sports news smoothly and easily.ReferencesFirth, J.

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