语法14状语从句

1、专题十四状语从句定义：在复合句中由从句表示的状语称作状语从句，它 可以用来修饰谓语（包括非谓语动词）、定语或状语，或是整个句子。学习目的准确掌握每句的关键。词的含义是掌握状语从同时要注意主从句的时态呼应。1. 时间状语从句2. 地点状语从句3.状语从句4. 条件状语从句5. 让步状语从句6. 目的状语从句7. 结果状语从句8. 方式状语从句9. 比较状语从句状语从句1.时间状语从句：引导时间状语从句的连词有：when, while, as, the moment, before, after, till, until, since, as soon as 等。请注意 when, while,

2、as 的区别When-当时候, 通常指某一特定的时间点，主句与从句的动作同时发生。When I opened the window, Isaw him come up.When I have time , I will go tosee you.*注意：在时间状语从句中，主从句都是将来的动作或状态时， 习惯上主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时。主将从现When - 正在的时候，突然。通常主句是进行时或be about to 时，在翻译的时候， when 可以译成没想到或突然。I was walking along the street , when I met him.I was about to

3、 fall asleep when my sister came in.While -在期间，往往指一段时间。While we were in America,we saw him twice.While we wercame in.king, heStrike while the iron is hot.While -表示一种不满情绪，意思是这边在干某种重要的事， 而另一边在享受等。We are cleaning the classroom while they are playing the football.The soldier faces the powder while the b

4、eauty powder the face.As - 一边一边, 随着She was doing her homework as she was listening to the music.As she grew older, she became more beautiful.As - 当时，指一个动作紧接着一个动作发生，从句通常用进行时。As I was going out, it began to rain.I saw Mary as she was going on the bus.The moment - 一就=as soon as , immediately,-Did you r

5、emember to giveMary the money you owed her?-Yes, I gave her the moment I saw her.Not until - 直到才He didnt leave the office until he finished the work.=He left the office when he finished the work.Not until 可以和 when 互换Before - 在之前The passengers should arrive at the airport an hour before the flight de

6、parts.Did you work as a stewardess before you come to this company?After - 在 之后The customer left the ticket counter after he had a quarrel with the ticket agent.The plane took off after the air traffic controller gave clearance.Since -自从, 通常主句用现在完成时I have never been there againsince I graduated from

7、 theuniversity.The captain has traveledalmost everywhere in theworld since he became a pilot.As soon as - 一就Jack went to school as soon ashe got well.Ill ring you up as soon as I get an answer from him.No sooner+(过去完成时) than +(过去式)- 一就No sooner had he arrivedthan he went away again.Hardly whenScarce

8、ly whenno sooner than 用于句首要求倒装Once- 一但就Once you see him, you will neverforget him.Every time, each time 每次whenever 每当Each time he came to town, he wouldvisit our school.Whenever we met with difficulties,they came to help us.2.条件状语从句引导状语从句的连接词有: If, unless, as long as, in case,provided that, on condi

9、tion thatIf -如果If you dont hurry up, you will miss the plane.If it snows tomorrow, the flight will be canceled.If you leave at 6 oclock tomorrow morning, youd better get to bed now.Unless - 如果不, 除非=if notWe cant get there on time unless we book the earliest flight= We cannot get there on time if wed

10、ont book the earliest flight.As long as - 只要We will succeed as long as we keep on trying.You cant play games as long as youremember the rules.A man is not old as long as he isseeking something.As (so) far as - 据所知As far as I know, he speaks English very well.As/So far as I know, he is an experton DN

11、A.In case - 假使, 如果The plane cannot take off in case it rains.Send us a message in case you haveany difficulty.Provided that 如果,有时省略 thatThe plane will be in good condition provided that it is taken care of carefully.You can become a stewardess providedthat you are in good shape and you have got the

12、proper education.On condition that - 条件是He said that he would come to the meeting on condition that no one asked him to speak.The mother promised to the son tobuy him a toy airplane on condition that he passes his English test.3.地点状语从句地点状语从句只有两个连词:Where, whereverWhere - 在地方Put the medicine where you

13、 can easily get it.Where that high building stands,there used to be some low, deserted houses.Where there is a will, there is a way.Wherever - 无论哪里He follows her wherever she goes.Wherever you are, I will be rightthere waiting for you.4.状语从句because, as, since, now that,和considering that, seeing that

14、 这六个连词都用于表示, 但在语气上一个比表示一个弱.Because - 因为,通常从句放在主句后.Mr Smith was very upset because he couldnt find his luggage.He said that he couldnt workbecause the computer was out of order.As - 因为, 通常放在句首As it is quite windy today, he decidesAs he is honest and modest, all hisfriends like him.Since -既然译为既然因语气较弱,

15、 常Since everybody has come, we canset off.Since the purser didnt tell us whatto do, we can relax.Now that - 既然Now that you are here, you can join us.Now that all airlines offer discountprices, we should do the same.considering that - 顾及到Considering that they are justbeginners, they are doing quite a

16、 good job.seeing that - 由于Seeing (that) quite a few peoplewere absent, we decided to put the meeting off.5.结果状语从句引导结果状语从句的连词有：that, so that, sothat suchthatSo that - 太以至于 so后面应用形容词或副词, 有时省略so只用thatBoeing 747 is so large that people like to call it jet bomb.The flight scheduled so early thatnobody wa

17、nted to look on it.So that - 因而，以便，为了有时so 可以省去Can you move your luggage a little bit away so that I can put mine in the overhead bin too.Speak louder please so that thepeople at the back can hear you.Such that -太以至于 用法与sothat相同，但such 后面应用名词。The foreign visitor was such a fastspeaker that nobody coul

18、d understand him.6.目的状语从句引导目的状语从句的主要连词有:that, so that, in order that, for fear that, lestin order that - 为了, 与sothat相同从句中常常使用一些情态动词，如：can, could,may, might, should等School was closed early in order that the children might go home ahead of the storm.for fear that - 生怕; 为了防止(某事发生)He took the name down

19、for fear that he should forget it.The instructor emphasized on theissue three times for fear that the students did not pay enough attention to the problem.in case- 万一Better take more clothes in case theweather is cold.You should bring a dictionary incase you need it.Please take an umbrella in case i

20、trains.Lest - 以防万一The man decided to tell his boss thefact lest he would be angry with him.7.比较状语从句引导比较状语从句的连词有：Asas, not so (as)as, .than, the more the more.Asas - 像一样If you dont want to miss the flight,you need to be at the airport as early as possible.The more, the more - 越越The more he listened t

21、o that song, the less he enjoyed it.The more things a man is ashamed of,the more respectable he is.8.让步状语从句引导让步状语从句的连词有：Although, though, as, even if, even though, no matter, however, whatever, while, whetherAlthough, though -虽然although和though 可以互换，但although 常放在句首。Though可以用于倒装。Although it was rainin

22、g, the plane managed to take off.Although it was not his fault, he tookall the blame.As - 尽管as 引导让步状语从句时，句子通常倒装。可与though 互换。Busy as he is, he never misses a football match.Hard as she works, she makes littleprogress.Even if /even though -即使Even if you dont like your boss, you should do your work.Eve

23、n if you are not fond of flowers,you shouldnt miss the chrysanthemum exhibition.However - 不论， however引导让步状语从句时，句子通常倒装He couldnt get there on time however fast he drove.The father couldnt make hisdaughter stried.however hard heN o matter (what, when, where,how) -无论（什么，何时， 何地，怎样）The old man wouldnt be

24、lieve anything no matter what you said.Please tell me the result no matterwhen you get it.Whatever - 不管Whatever other people may say, she wont change her mind.Whatever you do, it wont affectour plan.While -尽管While I have sympathy for you, I cant help you.While its none of my business, I willwatch yo

25、u.Whether -不管，常与ornot 连用Whether he is good or not, the company decided to send him abroad.Whether his proposal is practical ornot, the department plans to adopt.9. 方式状语从句方式状语从句常由:as,as if,as thoughas -与 一样Do in Rome as the Romans do.Leave things as they are.as if, as though - 仿佛, 由asif或 as though引导的从句中可用虚拟语气She stood at the door as if (=as though)she were waiting for someone.1.you decide to take up,you should try to make it asuccess.A. IfB. WheneverC. UnlessD. Whatever2.It is foolish to take a taxiyou c