分析强化工程机械设备对公路施工的保障

1、 分析强化工程机械设备对公路施工的保障1. The influencing factors of engineering machinery equipment maintenance cost （1）认识不足,缺乏切实可行的操作制度。随着市场经济的发展,公路工程施工也进入了市场竞争的行列,资金紧、任务重、工期短成为施工生产中的常见的难题,而机务管理的计划时代已逐步转变为按需进行,这就导致我们的管理者淡忘了机务管理的真正含义和重要性,出现管理松懈、制度不完善、执行力差的状况,对工程机械设备使用状况、性能不了解,盲目使用,不以求真务实的态度去制定高效、合理的维修保养计划,致使出现工程机械性能下降

2、,维修费用超额,使用效率低下等问题。(1) inadequate understanding, lack of practical and feasible operating system. Along with the development of market economy, highway construction has entered the ranks of market competition, capital and heavy task, short time become the common difficult problem in production, const

3、ruction and maintenance management plan for on-demand era has gradually change, this leads to our true meaning and importance of managers in the management efficiency, lax, system is not perfect, poor execution conditions, engineering machinery and equipment use, performance, don't understand, u

4、se blindly, not with a down-to-earth attitude to develop efficient and reasonable maintenance plan, resulting in performance degradation, construction machinery maintenance costs extra, low efficiency, etc. （2）工程机械设备选型盲目追求价格最低化。机械设备选型是指购置机械设备时,根据生产工艺要求和市场供应情况,按照技术上先进、经济上合理,生产上适用的原则,以及可行性、维修性、操作性和能源供

5、应等要求,进行调查和分析比较,以确定设备的优化方案。(2) engineering machinery equipment selection blind pursuit of the lowest price. Mechanical equipment selection refers to the purchase of machinery and equipment, according to the production process requirement and the market supply situation, in accordance with the technic

6、ally advanced and economically rational and applicable principles in production, as well as the feasibility, maintainability, operability and energy supply such as requirements, investigation and comparative analysis, to determine the optimization of the equipment. 由于前面所述现今工程施工资金紧、任务重、工期短是制约施工常见难题,导

7、致我们的管理者在自有工程机械设备不足的情况下,采取购置或租赁方式以解决施工,而在进行工程机械购置时又不完全遵循工程机械选型原则,一味的追求只要满足施工要求,价格最低即为最好,忽略了其他要素,形成机械保修期已过,发生故障率高、维修率高、配件供应不及时、售后不及时等现象,造成工程机械性能下降,直接增加了工程机械维修保养成本,更严重的造成工程机械无法在下一个工程施工中满足施工要求,直接淘汰,增加工程成本。As described earlier today project construction funds and heavy task, short time limit for a projec

8、t is a common problem, restricting the construction cause our managers in their own lack of engineering machinery and equipment, to purchase or lease way to solve the construction, and in the engineering machinery purchase and not fully comply with the principles of engineering machinery selection,

9、blindly pursuit as long as meet the construction requirements, the lowest price is the best, ignore the other factors, form the mechanical warranty period has passed, the high failure rate, repair rate is high, parts supply is not timely, timely after-sale don't wait for a phenomenon, cause mech

10、anical performance degradation, increasing the engineering machinery maintenance cost directly, the more severe to engineering machinery in the next construction meet the construction requirements, directly eliminated, increase the project cost. （3）制度不健全,执行不力。现今我们诸多施工企业在设备管理中常常是“重使用轻保养”,虽然实行“定人、定机、定

11、岗”制度,却忽视了机械设备保养制度对人的活动的制约性,没有明确落实到人。操作人员只是注重使用,对出现的问题不能及时处理;另外,在工程机械出现故障需要维修时,许多维修人员责任心不强,应付差事,从而造成设备故障的不断扩大和发展。当出现问题时,操作与维修人员往往互相推卸责任,不能意识到问题的严重性。这不仅影响施工的质量和进度,也增加了维修、运转的费用,致使工程机械的使用寿命缩短,安全性降低。(3) the system is not perfect, poorly enforced. Today we have a lot of construction enterprises in the equ

12、ipment management is often "heavy use light maintenance", while a "person, machine, create positions" system, but ignored the mechanical equipment maintenance system conditionality of human activities, there is no clear to people. Operators only pay attention to the use, the prob

13、lems cannot be handled in a timely manner; In addition, in the engineering machinery malfunction need maintenance, many maintenance personnel is not strong sense of responsibility, coping strategy, equipment failure caused by the growing and development. When problems arise, operation and maintenanc

14、e personnel tend to pass the buck to each other, can't realize the seriousness of the problem. This not only affects the construction quality and progress, also increases the cost of maintenance, operation, engineering machinery service life shorten, security is reduced. （4）使用不规范,加速机械设备磨损老化。由于企业

15、发展,大量的新鲜血液补充到了企业中,可机械设备操作人员却存在断层,主要原因是新进入企业的学生,尤其是大学生好高骛远,对机械设备操作管理从思想上存在无前途的概念,导致机械设备操作人员趋于老龄化,特别是在人员不足时,为了工程施工临时聘用一些技术素质差的操作人员,这就造成由于对施工技术、羟丙基甲基纤维素机械设备的使用知识所知不足,不注重具体的施工条件和作业方法,在项目领导一味追求工期、进度的管理下使工程机械设备一直处于超负荷或带病作业状态(甚至违章操作),从而加速了工程机械设备的磨损老化。(4) the use of non-standard, accelerate mechanical equip

16、ment wear and aging. Due to business development, added a lot of fresh blood to the enterprise, the mechanical equipment operating personnel has fault, the main reason is that students may take in the new enterprise, especially college students, for mechanical equipment operation management there is

17、 no future on thought concept, lead to mechanical equipment operators tend to aging, especially in the lack of personnel, in order to temporary to hire some technical construction quality differential operator, this is caused because of construction technology, the use of machinery and equipment kno

18、wledge knowledge is insufficient, does not pay attention to the specific conditions of construction and operation method, devotion to the leadership of the project construction period, progress under the management of the engineering machinery has been overloaded or job status in spite of (or even i

19、llegal operation), thus speeding up the construction machinery equipment wear and tear of aging. 工程项目结束后盲目退场,机械设备得不到按规定进行的认真保养、维护和修理,被调配到新的工程项目后,出现故障,又开始“头痛医头,脚痛医脚”的循环模式。Blind after the exit of the project, the mechanical equipment is not in accordance with the provisions of careful maintenance, the

20、 maintenance and repair, are deployed to a new project, after the failure, and start "band-aid, becoming" the circulation pattern. 期刊文章分类查询,尽在期刊图书馆Journal articles classified query, in journals in the library 这样直接导致恶性循环,在保证机械设备性能上既花费了较大的精力,又付出了高额的修理费用,严重的延误了正常的施工工期。This directly led to the

21、 vicious circle, in the guarantee equipment performance already consumed large energy, again to pay the high cost of repairs, serious delayed the normal construction time limit for a project. （5）资金短缺,工程机械设备更新换代慢。工程任务紧,资金短缺已是每个公路施工企业均面临的困扰,这就造成工程机械设备的更新换代慢,报废的工程机械设备和破旧的工程机械设备仍出现在我们的工程项目上继续使用,使得其故障率大大

22、增加,维修成本不断上升,形成“弃之可惜,用之太贵”的尴尬局面。(5) the shortage of funds, construction machinery equipment update slowly. Engineering task, shortage of funds is each highway construction enterprises are facing problems, it can make update slow, engineering machinery and equipment scrap engineering machinery equipme

23、nt and the old engineering machinery equipment still appear in the us continue to use on the project, greatly increase the failure rate, repair costs rising, formed "abandon a pity, too expensive" awkward situation. 2控制维修成本的措施2. The measures to control the maintenance cost （1）提高认识,强化制度建设,加

24、强施工部门与机务管理部门的联系和沟通。首先要解决的是公路施工企业人员自上而下的思想观念,使其认识到工程机械设备在工程施工生产中的重要作用,性能的完好与效率的高低直接影响着公路工程施工的质量、进度、成本和效益,从而提高机务管理的力度,要求机务管理者要有较强的联系和监管作用,成为公路工程施工部门和机械部门的连接纽带,及时的掌握工程机械设备运转情况。塑料土工格栅其次要建立健全有效的工程机械设备管理制度。我公司安机部由专人负责，对每台设备建立档案，从机械设备的选型购置到维修保养直至报废，建立工程机械设备数据统计系统,对大小故障、以往的维修保养记录、换件记录、日常使用情况和工作量都登记备案,以便在工程机

25、械设备发生故障时分析、判断,及时准确的消除故障。对工程机械设备操作人员和机务管理人员做到奖罚分明,明确责任。再次要加强施工部门与机务管理部门的联系和沟通。在我经历的S241扩建工程、镇江新区经十路工程、通港路改造工程，S340公路养护大中修工程等项目中，由项目副经理兼管机械，坚持谁用机械谁管机械的原则，在抓施工的同时抓机械调配使用，保证了机械的合理使用，提高了机械出勤率和完好率。(1) raise awareness, strengthen the system construction, strengthen the construction of contact and communica

26、tion with maintenance management departments. Must first solve the highway construction enterprise ideas about personnel from top to bottom, make it realize engineering machinery equipment for the production and the important role of project construction, the performance of the intact and efficiency

27、 directly affects the highway engineering construction quality, progress, cost and benefit, thus improve the management efficiency, requirements engineering manager to have strong relations and regulatory role, become the highway engineering construction machinery sector and the connection of the li

28、nk, timely grasp of the workings of the engineering machinery and equipment. Secondly to establish and improve the effective engineering machinery equipment management system. My company's machine by the specialist is responsible for, for each device to establish archives, from equipment selecti

29、on to purchase maintenance until discarded, established engineering machinery equipment data statistics system, the size breakdown, maintenance records, in a previous records, daily usage and workload can register put on record, so that the engineering machinery equipment failure analysis, judgment,

30、 timely and accurate to eliminate failure. Of engineering machinery and equipment operators and personnel management efficiency achieve rewards and punishment clear, clear responsibility. Again, we must strengthen the construction of contact and communication with maintenance management departments.

31、 S241 expansion project in my experience, zhenjiang new district through ten road engineering, TongGang road reconstruction project, S340 DaZhongXiu for road maintenance engineering project, by the deputy project manager management of machinery, adhere to the principle of whoever with mechanical pip

32、e machinery, mechanical redeployment, in the grasp of construction at the same time ensures the rational use of the machinery, improve mechanical attendance and pipe. （2）提高操作人员的技术水平,加强工程机械设备的日常检查和保养工作。操作人员的文化素质低,对工程机械设备性能和原理不了解、不熟悉,是造成工程机械设备事故的原因之一。因此,降低维修保养成本首先要在操作人员的录用上考虑其文化水平,在企业补充新鲜血液的同时招收一些大中专筑

33、机学生,从而提高操作人员整体素质;其次要加强对操作人员的技能培训,我公司在冬季施工淡季，开展内部学习，由专业人员给施工一线的职工授课，使他们掌握机械设备的结构、性能和工作原理。我本人就多次参与，授课内容有：柴油机的工作原理和正确使用；如何延长蓄电池的寿命，工程机械日常养护项目等。职工通过学习，提高了对机械的认识，减少了不规范操作，使机械的故障率大为降低。(2) improve the technical level of operators and strengthen the engineering mechanical equipment daily check and maintenan

34、ce work. Operating personnel's cultural quality is low, the principle of engineering machinery equipment performance and don't know, not familiar with, is one of the causes of the engineering machinery equipment accident. Therefore, reduce the maintenance cost must first consider its cultura

35、l level on the operation of employment, the fresh blood in the enterprise at the same time built machine some college students, thus improve the operation personnel overall quality; Secondly to strengthen skills training for the operator, I company of season in winter construction, carry out interna

36、l learning, taught by professionals for construction of a gleam of staff, make them master the mechanical structure, performance and working principle of the equipment. I am involved in many times, teaching contents are: the working principle of diesel engine and the correct use; How to prolong batt

37、ery life, daily maintenance project of engineering machinery, etc. Employees through learning, improve the knowledge of machinery, non-standard operation, reduce the mechanical failure rate greatly reduced. （3）加强工程机械设备的强保工作,防止误保,杜绝漏保。由于保养不当是造成工程机械设备故障的主要原因,工程机械设备保养工作必须强制执行。机务管理人员要严格按照工程机械设备保养使用说明书制订

38、切实可行的保养计划,并与工程机械设备操作人员进行技术交底,随时抽查、督导保养工作的落实情况。同时建立奖惩机制,奖优罚劣,加强广大工程机械设备操作人员的责任心,调动他们的工作热情和积极性,以保证工程机械设备的正常运行,延长机械设备使用寿命,减少故障次数,缩小故障规模,降低燃油消耗,节约维修成本。(3) strengthen the strong guarantee work engineering machinery and equipment, to prevent error, put an end to leak. Engineering machinery equipment failu

39、re due to improper maintenance is the main reason, engineering machinery and equipment maintenance work must be enforced. Personnel should strictly in accordance with engineering machinery and equipment maintenance management efficiency operation instruction to formulate feasible maintenance plan, and engineering machinery and equipment operating personnel for technical clarificaiton, spot check and supervise the maintenance work to carry out the situation at any time. Establish rewards and punishment mechanism, at the same time - - strengthening the construction machin