Cultural relics-period2学案

1、AlessonplanforLearningaboutLanguage(TheRestrictiveandNon-RestrictiveAttributiveClause)Aims:Tolearnabouttherestrictiveandnon-restrictiveattributiveclauseTodiscoversomeusefulwordsandexpressionsTodiscoversomeusefulstructuresProcedures:I.WarmingupWarmingupbydiscoveringusefulwordsandexpressionsPleaseturn

2、topage3.Doexercises1,2,3and4first.Pleasecheckyouranswersagainstyourclassmates.WarmingupbyexplainingNow,class,sinceyouvereadthepassage,couldyouexplaintomehowtousethephrase“belongto?Theword“tohereisapreposition,indicatingthepossession,andisalwaysfollowedbynounsorpronoun.LookatEx3.Thepreposition“atindi

3、catesastate,conditionorcontinuousactivity.Sowecanreplacethemorexpressthembyusingapresent-continuoustense.II.LearningaboutAttributiveClause1.WhatisanadjectiveClause?Anadjectiveclauseisadependentclausewhichtakestheplaceofanadjectiveinanotherclauseorphrase.Likeanadjective,anadjectiveclausemodifiesanoun

4、orpronoun,answeringquestionslike“which?or“whatkindof?Considerthefollowingexamples:AdjectivetheredcoatAdjectiveclausethecoatwhichIboughtyesterdayLiketheword“redinthefirstexample,thedependentclause“whichIboughtyesterdayinthesecondexamplemodifiesthenoun“coat.Notethatanadjectiveclauseusuallycomesafterwh

5、atitmodifies,whileanadjectiveusuallycomesbefore.Informalwriting,anadjectiveclausebeginswiththerelativepronouns“who(m),“that,or“which.Ininformalwritingorspeech,youmayleaveouttherelativepronounwhenitisnotthesubjectoftheadjectiveclause,butyoushouldusuallyincludetherelativepronouninformal,academicwritin

6、g:informalThebookspeoplereadweremainlyreligious.formalTrmalSomefirefightersnevermeetthepeopletheysave.formalSomefirefightersnevermeetthepeoplewhomtheysave.Herearesomemoreexamplesofadjectiveclauses:themeatwhichtheyatewastaintedThisclausemodifiesthenoun“mea

7、tandanswersthequestion“whichmeat?.TheyretalkingaboutthemoviewhichmadehimcryThisclausemodifiesthenoun“movieandanswersthequestion“whichmovie?.TheyaresearchingforthestudentwhoborrowedthebookTheclausemodifiesthepronoun“studentandanswersthequestion“whichstudent?.DidItellyouabouttheauthorwhomImet?Theclaus

8、emodifiesthenoun“authorandanswersthequestion“whichauthor?.2.Restrictive&nonrestrictiveclausesDothefollowingpairsofsentencesmeanthesamething?1aMyuncle,wholivesinLondon,isveryrich.2bMyunclewholivesinLondonisveryrich.2aThepolicies,whichwereunpopular,wererejectedbythevoters.2bThepolicieswhichwereunp

9、opularwererejectedbythevoters.3aMyniece,whosehusbandisoutofwork,willinheritthehouse,whichIhavealwaystreasured.3bMyniecewhosehusbandisoutofworkwillinheritthehousewhichIhavealwaystreasured.Thefirstsentenceineachpairhasanon-restrictiveclausewithintwocommas,andthesecondhasarestrictiveclause.Anon-restric

10、tiveclausesimplyaddsmoreinformationintothesentenceanddoesnotaffectthemeaningofthemainclause:itisthereforebracketedoffwithcommas(1a=anunclewhohappenstoliveinLondon).Conversely,arestrictiveclausedefinesitsreferentinthemainclausemorespecificallyandcontributessignificantlytothemeaningofthesentence.Thusi

11、tisthatparticularunclewholivesinLondonwhoisreferredto(1b).In2a,allpolicieswereunpopularandallwererejected,whereasin2bonlythepoliciesthatwereunpopularwererejected.Notethatinrestrictiveclausesthenon-humanrelativepronouniseitherthatorwhich,whereasforhumanreferentstherelativepronouncanbeeitherwho/mortha

12、t(themanthat/whomIwillmarry.).3.AtestonFORMALADJECTIVECLAUSESDirections:Combinethesentences.UseformalwrittenEnglish.Use(b)asanadjectiveclause.Punctuatecarefully.1)(a)Anantecedentisaword.(b)Apronounreferstothisword.Anantecedent_2)(a)Thebluewhaleisconsideredthelargestanimalthathaseverlived.(b)Itcangro

13、wto100feetand150tons.Thebluewhale_3)(a)Theplanewasmetbyacrowdof300.(b)Someofthemhadbeenwaitingformorethan4hours.Theplane_4)(a)Inthispaper,Iwilldescribethebasicprocess.(b)Rawcottonbecomescottonthreadbythisprocess.Inthispaper,Iwilldescribe_5)(a)Theresearchersaredoingcasestudiesofpeopletodeterminetheim

14、portanceofheredityinhealthandlongevity.(b)Thesepeoplesfamilieshaveahistoryofhighbloodpressureandheartdisease.Theresearchersaredoingcasestudies_6)(a)Attheendofthismonth,scientistsattheinstitutewillconducttheirAIDSresearch.(b)Theresultsofthisresearchwillbepublishedwithin6months.Attheendofthismonth,sci

15、entists_7)(a)Accordingtomanyeducationofficials,mathphobia(thatis,afearofmathematics)isawidespreadproblem.(b)Asolutiontothisproblemmustandcanbefound.Accordingtomanyeducationofficials,mathphobia_8)(a)Theartmuseumhopestohireanewadministrator.(b)Underthispersonsdirectionitwillbeabletopurchasesignificant

16、piecesofart.Theartmuseum_9)(a)Thegiantanteaterlicksupantsforitsdinner.(b)Itstongueislongerthan30centimeters(12inches).Thegiantanteater_10)(a)Theanteaterstongueissticky.(b)Itcangoinandoutofitsmouth160timesaminute.Theanteaterstongue_III.ClosingdownbytakingaquizQuizonAttributiveclauseSelectoneanswerfro

17、mthechoicesprovidedaftereachsentence.Thewordsyouchooseshouldfittheblankinthesentence.DontusetheHINTbuttonsunlessyoureallyneedthem.1.Asmanychildrencameweregivensomecakes.A.thatB.asC.whoD.whom2.Thevisitorssawrowsofhousestheroofsarered.A.onwhichB.ofwhichC.whereD.that3.Iusuallytakeanapafterlunch,ismyhab

18、it.A.whichitB.asitC.asD.that4.Pleasetellmethewayyoudidthejob.A.howB.whereC.whichD.inwhich5IsthismuseumsomeGermanfriendsvisitedthedaybeforeyesterday?A.theoneB.whichC.thatD.where6.Thefarmeruseswoodtobuildahousetostoregrain.A.inwhichB.whereC.thatD.withwhich7.IshallneverforgettheyearsIspentinthecountrywiththefarmers,hasagreateffectonmylife.A.when,whichB.t