【公开课课件】人教版（2019）必修一：Unit 4 Natural Disasters Period 3 Discovering Useful Structures 课件

1、Unit 4 Natural Disasters Part 3 Discovering Useful StructuresPresentation some smelly gas a huge crack a deadly disaster形容词形容词作定作定语语 their rescue work her shock its survivors 代词代词作作定语定语a city in ruins a town without factories 介词短语介词短语作作定语定语village wells rescue workers government support 名词名词作定作定语语定语

2、就是用来定语就是用来修饰或限定修饰或限定名词或者代词名词或者代词的成分的成分one minute 10,000 nurses 150,000 soldiers What is the attribute? (什什么是定语）么是定语）数词数词作作定定语语Presentation the falling leaves people trapped under the ruins. 非谓语非谓语作作定语定语What is the attributive clause? (什么是定语从句）什么是定语从句）修饰一个名词或代词的单词或短语叫定语，修饰一个名词或代词的单词或短语叫定语，如如果定语为一个句子果

3、定语为一个句子则称为定语从句，一般紧跟则称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的名词或代词后面。在它所修饰的名词或代词后面。定语从句是在句子中作定语从句是在句子中作定语定语，修饰，修饰名词名词或或代词代词的从句。的从句。这种从句由这种从句由关系代词关系代词或或关系副词关系副词引导，并作句子成分引导，并作句子成分.因形容词因形容词 通常做定语，所以又称之为通常做定语，所以又称之为形容词性从句形容词性从句。Attributive clause:定语从句的位置：通常在先行词（在主句中）后。定语从句的位置：通常在先行词（在主句中）后。定定语语从从句句的的引引导导词词关系关系代词代词关系关系副词副词指人指人指

4、物指物who(主语、宾语主语、宾语)，whom(宾语宾语)，that(主语、宾语主语、宾语), whose(定语定语)that(主语、宾语主语、宾语),which(主语、宾语主语、宾语)whose(定语定语)where (地点状语地点状语)when (时间状语时间状语)why (原因状语原因状语)This is the boy who won the first prize in the English Speech Competition.1. ：在含有定语从句的复合句中，除去定：在含有定语从句的复合句中，除去定语从句后的部分，是句子的主句。语从句后的部分，是句子的主句。2. ：修饰主句中的

5、一个名词或代词的：修饰主句中的一个名词或代词的句子是定语从句。句子是定语从句。（修饰the boy)3. ：先行词就是被定语从句修饰的名词：先行词就是被定语从句修饰的名词等，它总是出现在定语从句的前面。等，它总是出现在定语从句的前面。4. ：关系词指用来引导定语从句的词，：关系词指用来引导定语从句的词，分为关系代词和关系副词。分为关系代词和关系副词。升级为Two thirds of the people that/who lived there were dead or injured.升级为：There were deep cracks that/ which appeared in the

6、 well walls.1.There were deep cracks . The cracks appeared in the well walls.Make up attributive clause.先行词 主语，指物，用that/ which 替代,被替代的词不再出现 2. Two thirds of the people were dead or injured. These people lived there. 先行词主语，指人，用that/ who 替代,被替代的词不再出现指人时可以用指人时可以用who,也可用也可用that Do you know the boy who/t

7、hat is my desk mate? The man who/that was killed in the accident is Toms uncle.指物时可以用指物时可以用which,也可用也可用 that I like visiting places which/that are not far away. How do you like the film which/that was shown last Sunday? whose 可以指人也可以指物，表示从属关系可以指人也可以指物，表示从属关系“.的的” He was a painter whose pictures were

8、 not well-known in his life time. The tree whose leaves are red was planted last year.关系代词作宾语时可以省略关系代词作宾语时可以省略 I like the meal (that/which) we had last night. Do you know the boy (who/whom/that) we talked about just now? A. 作定语从句的一个句子成分作定语从句的一个句子成分 This is the book that I have been looking for.B. 连接

9、主句和从句连接主句和从句 I have a house and its windows are very big. I have a house, whose windows are very big. I have a house; its windows are very big. I have a house, its windows very big.C. 指代先行词的意思指代先行词的意思 He works in a factory, which is not far from his home. （which指代factory，并在定语从句中作主语）Eg: This is the s

10、chool _ I once studied.一找：找一找：找主句主句、从句从句、先行词先行词 This is the school _ I once studied.二还：根据先行词，把定语从句还原为完整的一句话二还：根据先行词，把定语从句还原为完整的一句话(添词添词) I once studied at the school.三提问：对添加部分进行提问（用关系词替代添加部分）三提问：对添加部分进行提问（用关系词替代添加部分） 对主语对主语/宾语提问用代词，宾语提问用代词，who(that)/whom/which(that)/whose; 对状语提问用副词，对状语提问用副词，when/whe

11、re/why。 at the school在作地点状语，故用在作地点状语，故用where提问提问where6. Ill never forget the days _ we spent together. A. that B. / C. when D. A and B 解析：We spent the days together. 主 谓 宾语 关系代词：关系代词：which/that/省略省略D1. that和和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换，在指物的情况下一般都可以互换，但在下列情况下，一般用但在下列情况下，一般用that而不用而不用which。 I am sure she has

12、something that you can borrow. 我肯定她有你可以借的东西。 Do you have anything that you dont understand? 你有什么不明白的吗？（1 1）先行词为）先行词为all, ,everything, ,nothing, ,something, , anything, ,little, ,much等不定代词等不定代词引导词的注意事项 This is the first book (that) he has read. 这是他读的第一本书。 This is the best film (that) I have ever seen

13、. 这是我看过的最好的电影。（2 2）先行词被序数词或最高级修饰先行词被序数词或最高级修饰（3 3）先行词既有人又有物）先行词既有人又有物 They talked about the persons and things that they remembered. 他们谈论他们记得的人和事。 Look at the man and his donkey that are walking up the street. 你看那人和他的驴，正走在街上。（4 4）先行词被）先行词被all，every，no，some，any，little，much，the only，the very，the last，

14、just，right等修饰等修饰。 Ive read all the books that are written by him. 他写的书我都读过了。 This is the very book that belongs to him. 这正是他的书。（5 5）先行词是）先行词是who或或which引导的主句中。引导的主句中。 Who is the girl that drove the car? 开车的女孩是谁？ Which is the T-shirt that fits me most? 哪件T恤衫最适合我？2. 当先行词是当先行词是one，ones，anybody，anyone，al

15、l，none，those等等, 指人时一般用指人时一般用who不用不用that。 Those who want to go to the cinema will have to wait at the gate of the school. 那些想去看电影的人将在学校门口等着。 Anyone who breaks the laws should be punished. 任何违反法律的人都应该受到惩罚。 Ive told all who will attend the meeting. 我已经通知所有与会人员。 关系代词直接放在介词后面时，要用which，不用that； 要用whom，不用wh

16、o 引导非限制性定语从句时，要用which, who, whom, 不用that，也不能省略 当先行词为one, ones, anyone, everyone, none, all指人时，关系代词用who 强调人的职业、某种特性、品质或才能时，which也可代指人；先行词是婴儿时也用which合并成定语从句：1. I have a friend. He likes listening to classical music.2. Last week Mary wore the dress. I give it to her.3. They live in a room. Its window f

17、aces south.4. The foreign guest is from America . You invited him to your party.5. Do you see the bridge? It was built with stone.The foreign guest whom you invited to your party is from America.I have a friend who/that likes listening to classical music.Last week Mary wore the dress which/that I ga

18、ve to her.They live in the room whose window faces south.Do you see the bridge which / that was built with stones?1. Find and underline the restrictive relative clauses in the sentence below. What function do the restrictive relative clause have?1. The Tangshan earthquake was a terrible experience t

19、hat my great- grandma cannot forget. 2. The couple who live next to us volunteered to help after the volcano erupted. 3. The supplies which were provided to the disaster area were collected from around the country. 4. Mr. Li is an architect whose designs for the new town have won praise. 5. A doctor

20、 with whom James used to work died in the 2016 earthquake in Ecuador. 6. There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls.1.1.定语从句：定语从句：是指在复合句中，修饰是指在复合句中，修饰名词名词或或代词代词的从句，的从句，充当充当形容词形容词使用。使用。2.2.先行词：先行词：被定语从句所修饰的被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词名词或代词。3.3.关系词关系词( (引导词引导词) )：引导引导定语从句的词叫关系词，关系词分为定语从句的词叫关系词，关系词分为关系代词关系代词和和关系副词关系副词。 1. Here are some of the people _ homes were destroyed by the typhoon.2. The terrible shaking of the building woke up all the people _ were asleep.3. The next day, people put up shelters in the open air using anything _ they coul