动词的时态和语态复习

1、动词的时态和语态-How much do you know about the Youth Olympic Games to be held in Nanjing?-Well, the media _ it in a variety of forms.(2014 江苏)A. cover B. will coverC. have covered D. covered 一般现在时?1.表经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表频度的时间状语连用，如everysometimes, onSunday 等。?2. 表客观真理和科学事实。 The earth moves around the sun .The tea

2、cher told us the earth around the sun .?3.用于条件，时间，让步状语从句中，主将从现。I will go with you as soon as I (finish) my work .Whatever you (say), I will not change my mind.?4.用于文学作品和文学评论中。his characters live through their language inAccording to the literary review, Shakespeare _ his plays.A. will make B. had ma

3、de C. was making D. makes 5.表示预计或规定6.方位副词或介词短语放在句首，主语是名词时，且全部倒装时，用一般现在时表示正在 发生的动作 基础再练? I 'll go there after I (fin ish) my work.? The water will be further polluted unless some measures? My train (leave )at 6:30.? A snow (expect) to come next week.? On the wall (hang) a picture.? This kind of c

4、loth (wash ) well.? Don ' t take it away. It (belong) to me.? He said water (boil) at 100 ° C二.一般过去时与现在完成时? 一般过去时表过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态，与现在毫无关系。常用的时 间状语有： yesterday ， just now, last year, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982? 现在完成时则 表示： 1 )一个动作开始于过去，持续到现在(也许还将持续下去) 常用的时间状语有 lately, in the last /

5、 past few days, since then, so far 等。 2)过去的动作对现在产生的影响。 常用的状语有 just, never, before 等。He served in the army from 1954to 1959 .He has served in the army for 5 years .He wrote many plays when he was at college .He has written many plays.He has lived in London for 3 years.He lived in London for 3 years.I

6、t' s two years since he smoked.(take)等。already,cf:A:B:It' s two years since he began to smoke. C: He was writing a book last year.He wrote a book last year.1 .-How was the journey?-Tiring! All the seats in the train . I stoodall the way.A. were occupied B. would be occupiedC. would occupyD.

7、has occupiedA. workedC. had worked3. Look! SomebodyA. is cleaningC. has cleaned 基础再练B. was cleaningD. had cleaned2. He works in China now, but he in Africa for eight years.B. has workedD. has been working the sofa.Well,it wasn't me . I didn't do it.1. -I haven ' t seen you for ages. Have

8、n' t you graduated from collage?- Yes, I (study ) English for four years in Nanjing University.2. Where you (put ) my book? I can ' t find it any where.3. Although he has lived with us for years, he ( not leave ) us much impression .4. My brother is an actor. He (appear ) in several films in

9、 the past few years.5. -Li ping may not come tonight.-But he (promise).三 . 一般将来时1) will /shallwill 用于各种人称，表现在看来以后要发生的动作或存在的状态，还可表必然趋势，临时决定等。 Shall 只用于第一人称。2) be going to do 表计划或打算要做某事，还可表示根据现在迹象对未来进行推测。3) be about to do 表立即的将来，因此不与将来的具体的时间状语连用。4) be to do 表按计划或安排要做的事，意为应该，想，打算，注定会。5) 有些动词如 come, go,

10、 arrive, leave, begin 等，其一般现在时，现在进行时亦可表按计划， 安排将要发生的动作或状态。基础再练? Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your safety belt. The plane ( take ) off.? Look at the timetable. Flight 4026 (take) off at 18:20.? If you (succeed) ,you should work hard.? Look at the dark clouds. It (rain)?-The light is still on .-

11、 Sorry. I (go ) and turn it off.四 . 过去完成时与将来完成时1. 过完表一件事情发生在过去，而另一件事先于它发生，即过去的过去。常用的时间状语有by then, by that time, by the end of before 2000, hardly / scarcely /rarely when ,no sooner than2. 表意向的动词如 hope ,wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose 等，常用过完表 “原 本 而未能”I had hoped/expected/meant /intended t

12、o do ,but =I hoped /expected to have done but=I would like /love to have done but=I was to have done /I was going to do /I would have done but3. 将完 到将来某一时间，某动作将会完成。其结构为 will have done . 常用的时间状语 为 by +将来的某个时间基础再练? Helen (leave) her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband(come )home.?

13、I (hope) to meet Mr.Thompson this morning, but I found nobody left inroom.? By the time he (return ) home, the work had been finished.? By the time he returns home, the work (finish).? We plan to reach the North Pole in mid-July ,and by then we (walk ) forsix weeks.五 . 现进、过进、现在完成进行时、将来完成进行时? 现在进行时表示

14、： 1) ( 目前现阶段)正在进行的情况。2) 表反复出现的动作，往往含有赞赏、厌恶、遗憾 等情绪，常与 always, continually, constantly 连用。3) 表渐变的动词如 get, grow, become, turn ,run, go , begin 等 常用进行时表动作的逐渐变化。? 不用于进行时的动词：1) 事实状态的词： have ,belong, possess, exist, 等2) 心理状态的词： know, think, realize, believe, want, 等3) 系动词： seem, remain, smell, feel, 等。? 过去

15、进行时表过去某一时刻或一段时间内正在进行。常用的时间状语如：the wholemorning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten, when, while 等。? 将来进行时表将来某个时候或某时间段正在进行的动作。? 现在完成进行时表动作的未完成性和暂时性。 基础再练1) -Have you moved into the new house?-Not yet. The rooms (paint)2) My father (fall) while he (ride) his bicycle and (hurt) himself.3) -Why are her

16、 eyes red?-She (cry)4) He (fly ) over the Atlantic at this time tomorrow.5) You always (watch) TV . Why not do something more active?6) -Did you find the missing couple in the mountain yesterday?-No, but we (try ) to get in touch with them ever since.主动语态与被动语态?基本构成be+过去分词1. 主动形式表被动1) . 系动词 look ,sou

17、nd, feel, taste, appear, seem, prove , turn, become, fall, get, grow, keep +adj./n.The steel feels cold. /It has gone bad.2) . 表示开始，结束，运动的动词如 begin, finish, start, close, end, shut, run 等。如：Work began at 7:00 this morning.The shop closes at 6 p.m every day.3) . 表主语的某种属性特征的动词，如：read, write, drive, se

18、ll, wash, lock,draw, dry 等。这类词一般不单独使用，常有一个修饰词，如：easily, well, soomthly.4) . 固定词组 be to blame, be to let.5) 在 need,require, want, worth(adj.), deserve 后的动名词用主动形式。6) measure, weigh, add up to 后接数字时。7) 在 be+adj.+to do 中， 不定式的逻辑宾语是句子的主语时。2. 不及物动词或某些动词短语无被动。如： appear, die, disappear, end (结束)， happen, si

19、t, take place,3. 不能用于被动语态的及物动词或短语，如：fit, have, own, wish, suffer from, happen to belong to基础再练1. The water cool when I jumped into the pool for morning exercise.A. was leftB. was to feelC. felt D. was to be felt2. I feel it is your husband who for the spoiled child .A. is to blameB. is going to blameC. is to be blamedD. should blame3. Docto