虚拟语气练习题(附答案)bd

1、精选文库高中英语虚拟语气练习题【重点归纳】一、虚拟条件句的类别虚拟条件句可分为三类：一类是叙述与现在事实相反的情况；一类是叙述与过去事实相反的情况；另一类是叙述与将来事实相反的情况。其主句和从句的谓语动词构成如下：1. 与现在事实相反条件从旬用过去时(be动词的过去式一律用 were),主句用would (should/ might / could) +动词原形”。如：If I were you, I would accept the invitation to the party.如果我是你的话，我将接受去舞会的邀请。If I knew her well, I would tell you

2、about her.如果我很了解她的话，我将告诉你关于她的事情。2. 与过去事实相反条件从句用过去完成时，主句用“would /should/ might / could + have +过去分词”, 如：If you had been there last night, nothing would have happened.如果你昨天晚上在那儿的话，就没有什么事情发生了。If I had got up earlier, I would have caught the first bus.如果我起得更早一些的话，就赶上头班车了。3与将来事实相反条件从句用过去时或者“ were to + 动词

3、原形”或者 “ should+ 动词原形”， 主句用 “ would ( should/ might/ could) +动词原形”, 如：If it were Saturday tomorrow, we wouldn t have an exam.如果明天是周六的话，我们就不考试了。If you were to visit the school tomorrow, you would see Professor Smith.如果你明天去参观学校的话，你就会看到史密斯教授。If it should rain tomorrow, the sports meet would be put off u

4、ntil next Friday.如果明天下雨的话，运动会将被推迟到下周五举行。【特别提示】在虚拟条件句中，谓语动词按照“后退一步法”使用，即：与现在事实相反，从句中用一般过去时；与过去事实相反，从句中用过去完成时；与将来事实相反，从句中用过去将来时。二、虚拟条件句中的省略与倒装如果if虚拟条件句中有were, had,或者should等词时，可以省略if,把这些词放在主语前，形成倒装 句。如：If I should meet her (Should I meet her), I would tell her.如果我遇见她的话，我就告诉她。If I were in your position

5、(Were I in your position), I would do it better.如果我在你的位置上，我会做得更好。If they had made preparations (Had they made preparations), they would have succeeded.如果他们做了准备的话，他们就已经成功了。【重点归纳】1 . 错综时间条件句：有时在非真实条件句中，主句谓语动词所表示的动作和条件从句中谓语动词所表示的动作并不同时发生，这时主句和从句的谓语动词要根据各自所指的不同时间选用适当的虚拟语气形式。如：Had I taken my umbrella wit

6、h me when I came out this morning, I should not be wet now.如果我今天早上出来的时候带着伞的话，现在就不会淋湿了。（从句说的是过去的事情，而主句说的是现在的事情）If you had followed the doctor ' s advice, you would be all right now.如果你（那时）听从我的建议的话，现在就不会有事了。（从句说的是过去的事情，而主句说的是现在的事情）If I hadn ' t finished my composition by now, I would be workin

7、g on it tomorrow.如果到现在为止我还没有完成作文的话，我明天还要接着写。（从句说的是现在的事情，而主句说的是将来的事情）2 .含蓄虚拟条件句：有时一个假设的情况并不用条件从句表示，而用其它方式来表示，这样的句子叫含蓄条件句。主要有以下几种情况。1）用with, without ,but for等介词短语来替代条件从句，它们都可以转换成由if引导的虚拟条件句。如：We might have died without your help. =We might have died if you hadn' t helped us.如果（那时）没有你们的帮助，我们可能已经死了。

8、Without the sun, nothing would grow. = If there was no the sun, nothing would grow.没有太阳，万物都不能生长。2）用 or, otherwise, but that, suppose/ supposing （that）, provided / providing （that待引导的虚拟语气。如：You didn ' t come yesterday, or you would have seen him.你昨天没有来，否则的话，你就已经看到他了。I was very busy last week, oth

9、erwise I would have come to see you.我上周很忙，否则的话，我就来看你了。Supposing I was still a little child, I would study hard from now on.假如我还是一个小孩子的话，我将从现在开始努力学习。3）通过上下文来表示虚拟：这种情况下，需要加以分析。I would have given you more money, but I was so poor then.我（那时如果有钱的话）就可以给你更多的钱了，但是我当时太穷了。I would have called you, but I forgot

10、 your telephone number.我本来可以给你打电话，但是我（那时）忘了你的电话号码。Having known the fact in time, we couldn' t have said that. = If we had known the fact in time, we coukhave said that.如果我们（那时）及时知道事实的话，就不会说那件事了。Any man in his position would have done that.处于他那个位置的任何人都会那样做的。4）由should + 动词原形或者should/could/might ha

11、ve + 过去分词构成的虚拟语气。种情况下，虚拟条件句经常省略，而只剩下主句结构，如：I should have told you that, but I was afraid that you couldn' t accept the fact.我本应该告诉你那件事，但我担心你不能接受这个事实。Tom, you are so lazy! This work should have been finished hours ago.汤姆，你太懒了！这个工作本应该几个小时之前完成。3 .在if it were/had been not for句型中的虚拟语气If it were not f

12、or，表示对现在事实的假设；If it had not been for，表示对过去事实的假设。If it were not for the Internet, everything would be very difficult.要不是互联网，一切都会变得很难。Had it not been for your overcoat, I would have died.要不是你那件大衣，我就被冻死了。【经典例题】1. If my lawyer here last Saturday, he me from going.A. had been; would have prevented B. had

13、 been; would preventC. were; would prevent D. were; would have prevented2. If I had worn my overcoat, I cold.A. won ' t have caught B .couldn ' t have caughtC. won ' t catch D. wouldn ' t catch3. If he, he that food. Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.A. was warned; woul

14、d not take B. had been warned; would not have takenC. would be warned; had not taken D. would have been warned; had not taken4. I didn ' t see your sister at the meeting. If she, she would have met my brother.A. has come B. did come C. came D. had come【答案与解析】1. A.本题考查虚拟语气。因为从句表示与过去事实相反的假设，故从句谓语动

15、词用过去完成时，而 主句谓语动词用 would have + 过去分词形式。2. B.本题考查虚拟条件句中主句谓语动词的使用。因为从句用了过去完成时，可知主句谓语动词用 would / could have +过去分词形式。根据句意，可知选 B。3. B.根据答语，可知本题考查与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。故从句谓语动词用过去完成时，而主句 谓语动词用would have +过去分词形式。4. D.根据句意“在会上我没有看到你的姐姐。如果她来的话，她就见到我哥哥了”可知，这是考查 对过去事实的虚拟。主句用 could have done故从句谓语动词应该用过去完成时。Grammar work 语法

16、专练动词变形用所给动词的适当形式填空。1. ? If the factory(belong) to me, I(not sell) it. But it isn ' t yours.2. 一 If you(keep) the secret, nobody(know) it. I'm sorry for making such a mistake.3. If the weather were to be (be) fine tomorrow, I(go) for an outing with my parents.4. (be) I you, I would think abou

17、t this problem once again.5. (have) I had time last night, I(go) to see this wonderful film.完成句子根据中文提示完成下列各句。1 .如果你年轻五岁，你该怎么办？What you, if you five years younger?2 .如果你开车更小心一点，就不会出这样的事故。If you your car more carefully, such a traffic accident.3 .如果明天下雾，我就不能开车去购物。If it foggy tomorrow, I my car to go s

18、hopping.4 .如果明天天气转晴,我们就去野餐If it clear up tomorrow, we for a picnic.5 .如果我是一个男孩，我当然会去参军。If I a boy, I certainly join the army.6 .如果你是我兄弟,你也会一样对我。If youmy brother, youtreat me in the same way.7 .如果我有你这样的姐姐会非常幸福江I very happy, if I an elder sister like you.8 .如果我捡到了那只钱包，一定交给失主了。If I up the wallet, I it

19、to its owner.9 .万一明天下大雪，一切都将被改变。If it snow heavily tomorrow, everything be changed.10 .如果你那天没有抽烟,火灾就不会发生。If you that day, the fire out.Grammar quiz语法小测测一测选择最佳答案。1. He you more help, even though he was very busy.A. might have given B. might give C. should give D. may give2. What would have happened a

20、s far as the river bank?A. Bob had walkedB. if Bob should walkC. had Bob walkedD. if Bob walked3.1 in your position, I would not accept the invitation.A. Was B. Were C. Be D. Am4. If my father here the day after tomorrow, he me at all.A. came, can ' t seB comes, couldn ' t seeC. comes, could

21、n ' t have seen D. came, couldn ' t see5. If it to snow next week, I would not go to visit that mountain village.A. is B. be C. were D. are6. If it rain this evening, I would not go to see this American film.A. would B. should C. could D. might7. asked to do this, I would certainly do it in

22、a different way.A. Were I B. Am I C. If I am D. Was I8. If he could help us, I am sure he. He ' s always ready to help others.A. should B. had C. would have D. did9. her in time, she would have jumped into the river.A. If I stopped B. Did I stopC. If I didn ' t stop. If I hadn ' t stoppe

23、d10. If I ten years younger, I out to try my luck.A. am, would go B. was, will go C. were, would go D. were, would have gone 11. If you my advice, you such a serious mistake.trholeeA. followed, can ' t make. followed, couldnC. had followed, couldn ' t make D. had followed, couldn ' t hav

24、e made12. If I that crowded bus yesterday morning, I my purse with a lot of money in it.A. didn ' t take, couldnC. hadn ' t taken, couldnt lose B. hadn' t taken, wouldn ' t have lostt lose D. didn' t take, can ' t have lost语法专练（One possible version）动词变形1. belonged; wouldn 

25、9; t sell 2. had kept; would have known 3. would go 4. Were 5. Had; would have gone完成句子2. would; do; were 2. had driven; couldn ' t have happened 3. were; couldn. were fo;twoivld go 5. were; would 6. were; would 7. would be; had 8. had picked; would have returned 9. should; would 10. hadn wouldn

26、 ' t have broken语法小测测一测 1-5 ACBDC 6-10 BACDC 11-12 DB虚拟语气（二）虚拟条件句的一些特殊用法【考点导航】3. My cat' s really fat.（2007 浙江）You have given her so much food.A. wouldn ' t B .couldn ' t C. shouldn ' t D. mustn ' t4. How' s your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful? （2007全国卷 I） It

27、 be, but it is now heavily polluted.A. will B. would C. should D. must5. I told your friend how to get to the hotel, but perhaps I have driven her there.（2007陕西）A. couldB. must C. mightD. should【答案与解析】1. Co shouldn' t have done表示“本来不应该做某事而实际做了”。2. Co根据句意，“本来这个湖应该是很漂亮的，但是现在被严重污染了"可知选 Co shou

28、ld在这里 表示“本来应该，暗含着实际上不”之意。3. Do should have donelfe示“本应该做某事而实际上未做”，本句意为：“我告诉你朋友该怎么到达 旅馆了，但是也许我应该开车把她送到那儿去”。Grammar work语法专练选择最佳答案。1. the thick forest, we would often have to suffer from a sandstorm.A. If it is not for B. If it were not for C Is it not for D. Was it not for2. your offer of rice and ve

29、getables, we would have gone hungry.A. If it hasn ' t been foB. WithC. Has it not been for D. Had it not been for3. your timely and correct guidance, I couldn' t have solved the problem so smoothly.A. Had it not been for B. Were it not forC. If it has not been for D. If it is not for4. Jane

30、would have gone to Washington to get a plane ticket.A. was she able B. if she had been able C. would she be able D. if she is able5. for her encouragement, I would not have paid for that good-for-nothing huge vase.A. Were it not B. If it is not C. Had it not been D. If they were not6. If I a lot of

31、money like you, I buy that large company.A. had, would buy B. have, wouldC. had, would have bought D. have had, would have bought7. If she my English teacher, I much from her.A. was, can learn B .is, could learn C. were, could learn D. had been, could learn8. If I out to work last year, I much more

32、money.A. had gone, would make B. had gone, would have madeC. went, would make D. went, would have made9. I supported him in time, otherwise he off the bike.A. might fall B. would fall C. should have fallen D. would have fallen10. It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I in love

33、with Mary in my hometown.A. wouldn ' t have fallen B. had not fallen C. should fall D. were to fall11. Without the air to hold some of the sun' s heat, the earth at night.A. would be freezing cold B. will be freezing coldlyC. would be frozen cold D. can freeze coldly12. Why don' t you bu

34、y the necklace since you like it so much?I, but I don ' t have the money.A. would B. will C. should D. may13. Finally I got to my grandmother home on foot.Really? You a ride there.A. must have taken B. could have takenC. shouldn ' t have takeriD. couldn ' t have taken14. If I had worked

35、harder at school, I in a comfortable office now.A. would sitB. would have satC. would be sitting D. were sitting15. My father told me how to get here but perhaps he me a map.A. had to giveB. ought to give C. must have given D. should have givenGrammar quiz语法小测I.请将下列句子翻译成英语。1 .要不是你帮忙的话，我会失败的。.2 .如果不是

36、两次考大学都失败的话，他也不会一声不吭地离家出走。.3 .如果不是你及时的支持，我就会输掉这次大选。.4 .没有这本杂志，我们打发时光就很难。.II.根据上下文的意思，完成句子。1. If it （要不是） your mobile phone, I couldn' t have got in touch with her.2. I was really very busy that day, otherwise, I（c去参加舞会了）.3. （要不是天气好的话）,I couldn' t go climbing that day.4. Providing that I had f

37、inished the report two days before, I（就不会被开除了）now.第16期B3版Keys:语法专练1-5 BDABC 6-10 ACBDB 11-15 AABCD语法小测I. （One possible version）1. But for your help, I would have failed.2. Not having failed in the college entrance examination twice, he wouldn' t have left home vword.3. If it had not been for you

38、r timely support, I would have failed in the election.4. Were it not for this magazine, it would be difficult for us to kill the time.II. (One possible version)1. hadn' t been for 2. would have gone to the party 3. But for the fine weather 4. wouldn虚拟语气（一）1 The boy acted he had never lived in Ca

39、nada beforeA as though B even if C as D since2 to the doctor right away, he might have been aliveA If he went B Were he gone C Should he have gone D Had he gone3 If you were older, I you to go there yesterdayA will allow B should allow C would have allowed D had allowed4 The secretary suggested that

40、 they the men in at onceA had brought B should have brought C brought D bring5 I wish I able to tell him all about it last nightA was B were C had been D should be6 If we here ten minutes earlier, we the busA arrived/would catchB arrived/would have caughtC had arrived/had caught D had arrived/would

41、have caught7 If I more time, I would have gone with himA had B had had C have hadD would have8 He was very busy yesterday, otherwise he to the meetingA would come B came C would have come D had come9 The Jade Emperor ordered that the Monkey King right awayA would be arrestedB must be arrestedC be ar

42、restedD had to be arrested10 Jane's uncle insisted in this hotel any longerA not staying B not to stay C that he not stay D staying not11 Don't touch the sleeping tiger If he woke up, he youA would come toB would come atC would have come towardD will come to12 Without electricity human life

43、quite different todayA is B will be C would have been D would be13 How I wish I to repair the watch! I only made it worseA had tried B hadn't tried C have tried D didn't try14 He demanded that the laboratory report immediately after the experiment was doneA was written B be written C must be

44、 written D would be written 15 The man insisted that he thereA should send B would be sent C sentD be sent16 If he had not gone out in the storm A he will be alive now B he would be alive nowC he would have been alive nowD rainD would arrive17 If it tomorrow, what would we do?A rainsB were to rainC

45、would rain18 It is required that you at sixA will arriveB arriveC arrived19 If only I how to operate an electronic computer as you do202122232425262728293031323334353637383940A had known B would know C should know D knewHe spoke in a quiet, distinct voice, as though his thoughtA was far away B had b

46、een far away C were far away D went far awayIf it rain, weget wetA is to, shouldB were to, wouldC were going to, wouldD was going to, shouldIf he to the teacher attentively, he the answer to the problem nowA had listened, would have known B listened, would knowC listened, would have knownD had liste

47、ned, would knowBut for the party, he of hunger 30 years agoA would have died B would die C must have died D must die today, he would get there for holidayA Was he leaving B Were he to leave C Would he leave D If he leavesI would have come earlier, but I that you were waiting for meA didn ' t kno

48、w B hadn ' t know C would have known D haven ' t knownIt ' s high time that we to schoolA would to B went C go D will goIt seems as if it rainA will toB is going to C is to D were going toI ' d rather youright awayA leaveB left C will leave D to leaveHe is working hard for fear that

49、heA fails B failed C would fail D failIt is really strange that the girl so earlyA has been married B has married C be married D would marry Supposing I this gift, what would he say?A accept B accepted C should accept D would acceptThe teacher agreed to the suggestion that the students two weeks to

50、prepare for the examA give B should give C be given D would be givenI was busy yesterday, otherwise I your birthday partyA attended B had attended C would attend D would have attendedHe insisted that he me beforeA see B should see C had seen D sawThe two strangers talked as if they friends for years

51、A were B would be C have been D had beenWe our lives had it not been for the policemanA would have lost B should lose C might lose D could have lost-I thought you would come back tomorrow-I would if I to attend a meetingA don' t have B didn ' t have C will not have D would not haveHe wishes

52、mistakesA he doesn ' t always make B he isn ' t always makingC he didn ' t always makeD he wouldn ' t always makingIt very nice if only it were possibleA will be B would be C is D wereWithout your help, our team the last match41424344454647484950515253545556575859606162A won t win B

53、will lose C wouldn t have won D can t winI wish I what to doA knew B have known C know D would know, I would take an umbrella with meA Had I been you B I were you C Were I you D I had been youIf I had hurried, I the trainA would catch B could catch C would have caught D had caughtHe insisted that Jo

54、hn itA do B does C did D would doIt is high time we offA are B were C be D will beHe felt as if he more time to study for the testA needs B were needed C needed D needIt is important that I with Mr Williams immediatelyA speak B spoke C will speak D to speakJames wishes he the football game instead o

55、f the filmA saw B see C had been seen D had seenI wishA he left B he leaves me alone C he be left D he would leave me aloneIf I had known that, I soA wouldn ' t do B wouldn ' t have done C won' t do D have not doneThe doctor suggested that sheA will not smoke B not smoke C would not smok

56、e D did not smokeIf I you, I wouldn ' t return the callA be B am C was D wereYou talk as if you thereA were really B has really been C had really been D would really beHe suggested that the work at onceA would started Bwould be started Cshould started D should be startedIt is strange that such a

57、 thing in your schoolA will happen B happens C should happen D happenedIt is imperative that you on timeAareBwill be C be Dwould beI didn ' t go to the party, but I do wish I thereAwasBwereC had beenD wentIt is time we up our resultsA sum B summed C will sum D would sumIf the doctor had been available, the childA would not dieB would not have diedC could not dieD could not have diedDr Bethune worked hard as if heA never had felt tired B had never felt tiredC never felt tired D was tired neverI enjoyed the movie very