高二英语必修5重点词组

1、Unit1 Great Scientistslift up 托起explain (sth) to sb 向某人解释 explain sb sth ( X )as the environment changed 随着环境的改变 physical characteristics 身体特征 keep sb safe 保证某人安全put forward a theory 提出一种理论examine a new scientific idea 检验一个新的科学想法draw / arrive at / come to / reach a conclusion 得出一个结论此处 a 并不固定，若有修饰时要改

2、为themake up a question 设计问题analyse the results 分析结果attend to 处理；照顾；专心于eg: I have some important things to attend to. 我有些重要事须处理。 If you go out, I ll attend to the baby. 你出去的话，我会照顾孩子的。 She didn t attend to what I was saying. 她没有专心听我刚才说的话。ordinary people 普通老百姓expose to 暴露deadly disease 致命的疾病neithernor既

3、不也不every time 每次，每当，后接从句，起连词作用类似的有：the moment, the minute一就solve the problem 解决问题 get interested in 对有兴趣absorb- into 吸收be absorbed in 全神贯注于believe in 信任，信仰gather information 收集信息give a valuable clue 提供有价值的线索the cause of the disease 疾病的起因cause 与 of 搭配； reason 与 for 搭配be to blame for sth 应该受到责备主动的形式表示

4、被动的含义blame sb for sth因某事责备某人blame sth on sb把归咎于look into 调查lose control of / be (get) out of control 失去控制 in / under the control of 被控制着terrified people 惊慌失措的人们过去分词作定语，类似有：affected person; astonished people；pollut ed waterremove from 搬离slow down 放慢速度，减缓in addition= besides= what s more 除此之外, 也，另外in

5、addition to, 后接名词，代词 be linked to 与联系with certainty 毫无疑问prevent / stop / keep . from doing sth 阻止做某事contribute to 有助于，促成make a contribution to 捐献，做出贡献come to an end 结束take up a new career 从事一项新的职业 apart from 除之夕卜有两层含义：1. = besides 并未排除2. = except 真正意义上的排除在外make room for 腾出空间 be strict with 对严格lead t

6、o 通向，导致make sense 有意义，讲得通punish sb for sth因 而惩罚某人work on 从事于，忙于at times 有时be enthusiastic for / about/ over sth 对某事很热情be cautious about sb/sth 对某人 /某事谨慎only if 只有if only如果就好了-后面的句子常表示与现在或将来的事实相反，谓语动词要虚拟，用过去时态表示。If only I could help you! 如果我能帮助你，那该多好啊！point of view 态度，观点，看法instruct (vt) instruction (

7、n) instructor (n)教员，讲师 instructive (adj)有教育意义 的，由启发性的instructions = directions 操作指南，说明书follow the instructions 按照说明书 on sbs construction 按照某人的吩咐 develop the film 洗照片Unit 2 The United Kingdomthe United Kingdom 联合王国 the Prime Minister 首相 consist:consist of 由组成， （无被动态）=be made up of= be composed ofcons

8、ist in 存在于consist with 与致，相符divide into 把分成 （整体部分）separate from和分开 （部分之间）There is no need to do sth 没有必要干某事There is no chance/ possibility/ hope/doubtdebate:debate about/on/over sth 为某事争论（争辩）a debate about the pollution 关于污染问题的讨论a heated debate 激烈的辩论clarify any problems 弄明白任何问题clarify water 净化水be li

9、nked to与联系，连结refer to 提及，涉及find sb sth done (doing) 发现某人(物)处于某种状态 How do you find sth/sb? =How do you like sth/sb? = What do you think of sth/sb? 你认为怎么样？to one s surprise/ disappointment/ delight/ horror令某人惊讶/失望/ 高兴 / 惊恐break away from 摆脱，脱离break down （机器等）损坏，不能运转；（计划，谈判）失败；破裂（身体）垮掉；（化学物等的）分散，分解brea

10、k into/ in 破门而入，突然发生vt/vibreak up （关系）破裂；驱散（人群）break out （火灾，战争）突然发生，爆发break off 折断（树枝）；中断工作，谈话；休息break through 突破（障碍）；克服international relation 国际关系relationrelaterelativerelativelyrelatedrelationshiprelativityrelate to 有关relate A with （to） B 把 A 与 B 联系起来 be related to sb/sth 与某人/某事有关in /with relatio

11、n to 和联系起来；关于have no/some relation to 和毫无关系 /有一些关系convenience:for convenience （sake） 为了方便起见at your convenience 在你方便的时候Do this .convenient 的主语不用人，常用it 作形式主语。句式为：it is convenient for sb to do sth某人方便做某事historical attraction 历史名胜attract /get/draw/catch one s attention 吸引某人的注意力 be attracted to/by 被所吸弓 I

12、influence:under the influence of 受至U的影响have great influence upon/on 对有很大的影响keep one s eyes open 睁大眼睛，要留意，不能错过take 与 place 组合take the place of 代替 = be in place of 代替，取代take place 发生take one s place 代替某人的位置，就位leave out 省去make arrangement for 为做好准备occasion:on special occasions 在特殊的场合on that occasion 那时

13、on occasion 有时，偶尔= at times/ from time to timeon every/ possible occasion 一有机会就in memory of 为了纪念= in honor ofcome out of 从走出来ring out the hour 敲响整点的钟set the world time 为世界定时的钟an imaginary line 假想线pass through 通过，穿过；经历，遭受wonderful treasures 奇异珍宝on show 展出be/feel proud of = take pride in 为感至U骄傲be cons

14、istent with 与一致You can not afford to miss it. 你不要错过它。available 可得到的；有空的eg: 1.There is a little money available for the child. 这个孩子可供利用的钱很少的。2.The lawyer is not available now. 律师现在没空。be under construction 在建设中in evidence 明显的，显而易见的be well worth doing 很值得做Unit3 Life in the Futureprivate school 私立学校publ

15、ic school 公立学校in private 私下地lack:lack sth (vt) 缺少 eg: lack courage/ confidence/ responsibility 缺乏勇气/信心/责任感be lacking inlack of sth (n)eg: The plants died because of lack of water.同义词：be short ofeg: I m short of money.master English 掌握英语lack for nothing 应有尽有 press down 往下按 the press 新闻界 master a lang

16、uage 掌握一门语言 switch on/ off 开 / 关 take up a prize 接受奖励 rub one s eyes 擦亮眼睛 remind sb of sth 提醒某人某事 remind sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事 be unsettled 不安的 as a result 结果是 suffer from 遭受be similar to 与相似feel nervous and uncertain 感到不安 be understanding 能理解人的 make sb sleepy 人们感到昏昏欲睡be known for 因而出名be known as 作为而

17、出名transport sb into the future 把人送到未来hit by the lack of fresh air 由于缺乏新鲜空气in no time 立刻，马上at any time 在任何时候in time 及时；迟早，最终eg: In time, you ll forget him.be back on one s feet=wellby doing 通过某种方式，手段get lost 迷路in all directions= in every direction 朝四面八方sight:lose sight of 看不见catch sight of 瞥见at first

18、 sight 乍一眼Out of sight, out of mind. 眼不见，心不烦。in sight 在视线范围内slide into/ out of (slid, slid) 悄悄溜进/ 溜出on earth 究竟in length 在长度范围内at length 详尽地；最终an optimistic view / a pessimistic view 乐观/悲观的观点be optimistic about 对乐观job opportunity 工作机会(opportunities )the alien creature 外星生物in whispers 低声地change into

19、变成assist:assist in 帮助，协助assist sb in doing sthassist sb with sthassistant : (n)助教，助手； (adj)副的，助理的 an assistant professor 助教skip out/off 悄悄地或匆匆地离开某地skip over 遗漏，跳过go soft 变软go 为系动词，soft 作它的表语；类似有：go crazy/ hungry/ badrequire sb to do sth 要求某人做某事require sb that 从句 should + v 原形require doing 需要 (主动形式表被

20、动含义)eg: The floor requires washing. 地板需要擦了。take up 拿起；接受；开始从事；继续；占用speed up 加速sweep up 打扫， 把卷入make up 编造；打扮；补回；编制，草拟；组成，构成turn up (音量)调大；出现look up 查阅注意： look up the word in the dictionary; refer to the dictionarygive up 放弃carry up把带上去pick up捡起；获得；恢复健康eat up吃完，吃光use up用完，耗尽take after 相似take away解除，消除

21、；夕卜卖take in收留；包括；领悟；欺骗take off脱掉；起飞take out拔掉；带某人出去；申请取得take over 接任；接管作状语的过去分词通常与句子的主语存在着被动关系，它所表示的动作通常和谓语动词属于同一时间范畴，也可表示先于谓语动词发生的动作。若非常强调先发生的动作，可用 having been doneeg: Having been told many times, he can't still remember it.别人虽然已经告诉过他很多遍了，但他还是记不住。A be compared with B A 与 B 比较be lost in 陷入be fac

22、ed with 面对be caught in 被困在sb be seated ; sb sitUnit4 Making the Newsfuture occupation 未来职业work for a newspaper 为新闻报纸工作China Daily中国日报offer sb sthprovide sb with sthprovide sth for sbdo some research (on sth) 作调查，研究work experience 工作经历enthusiasm for the job 对工作的热情unforgettable moments 难忘的时亥Ube to do表

23、将来be about to do不能与表示将来概念的时间状语连用eg: We are about to start tomorrow . ( x )go out on a story= go out to cover a story 出去采访新闻on +名词 与come/go连用，表目的，去做某事a professional photographer 位专业摄影师take photographs 拍照片by profession作为职业eager:be eager to do sth 渴望做某事be eager for/ about/ after sthbe eager that + 从句10

24、concentrate on= be absorbed in 聚精会神later on 之后take a course at university 在大学专修一门课程be of +抽象名词= 形容词be of interest= interestingbe of importance= importantacquire all the information you need to know 获得你需要的所有信息have a nose for a story 对新闻有非常敏感的“嗅觉”have a nose for 具有探查或发现某事物的能力have an eye for 对有鉴另U能力hav

25、e an ear for对听觉灵敏find out the missing part of the story 查明新闻遗漏部分tell the whole truth 说出全部真相depend on 依赖a trick of the trade 行业诀窍get sth straight 使某事准确无误accuse sb. of sth= charge sb. with sth 指控某人做某事 get the wrong end of the stick 完全搞错了 this is how the story goes 事情是这样的so as to为了（不能放在句首）be supposed t

26、o have done 理应做过某事arrange an interview 安排采访get a scoop 抢独家新闻case:以防，万一以防，万一决不（放在句首要部分倒装）不管怎样如果这样/那样in case +句子in case of +n/n 短语in no casein any casein this/ that caseby accident= by chance 偶然， 无意deliberately = on purpose = by design 故意defend againStfrom 防卫以免于seldom, rarely, hardly, barely, scarcely

27、 很少，几乎不ahead of 在之前；超过set to work= get down to work 着手工作此处 work 均为名词，to 均为介词wasted words or phrases 无用的话design the main headline and smaller heading 设计主标题和副标题polish the style 润色语言风格write a good front page article 写一篇很好的头版文章be processed into negatives 被印制成胶片last of all 最后work on 从事printing process 印刷

28、过程make/ fix an appointment with sb. 与某人约会 have no intention of doing sth 没有意图做某事avoid doing; admit doing1. What are the qualities a good news reporter needs to have?一个好的新闻记者需具有什么品质？2. Not till you are more experienced!等你积累一些经验才行！3. Never will Zhou Yang forget his first assignment at the office of Ch

29、ina Daily.周阳决不会忘记他在中国日报报社第一天上班的工作任务。4. What the first day would be like, and how you would feel if you were to work for a famous newspaper or company?此句为对将来时态的 虚拟相关时态 表现在 表过去 表将来从句形式主句形式过去工1; werewould/could/should/might +v 原had +v-edwould/could/should/might +have done过去工I; were to do; should +v 原wo

30、uld/could/should/might +v 原Unit5 First Aidaid:give/ do/ perform/ carry out first aid (on sb) 实施急救first aid for the family家庭急救first aid skills 急救技能a first-aid kit 急救箱with the aid of 在帮助下injure, hurt, wound injure:hurt:不仅指肉体上的伤害，也指感情上的伤害 wound:指枪伤，刀伤居多get + -ed 分词例如：get injured,save one's life 拯救生

31、命a sprained ankle扭伤的脚踝a bloody nose 鼻子出血bleed (v)blood (n)bloody (adj)blue blood贵族血统in cold blood 冷血Blood is thicker than water.血浓于水。the treatment of burns 烧伤的治疗区别：比hurt正式，常指损害健康，成就，容貌等。fall ill 生病作表语作定语ill生病坏的sick恶心，呕吐的生病的eg: the sick child 生病的小孩ill luck 坏运feel sick/ be sick 生病I m ill.我生病了其名词为：inju

32、ryget burned, get infectedburn:burn one's boats/ bridges 破釜沉舟burn one's fingers 自作自受a burned candle 一根烧过的蜡烛a burning candle 一根正在燃烧的蜡烛types of burnsfirst, second, third degree burns烧伤的类型一级、二级、三级烧伤treat: 治疗=cureheal (治愈)对待=regardan essential part最重要的部分be essential to/for sthbe essential to do

33、sthbe essential that + 从句protectagainst/from 保护以免于prevent- from 阻止 sense of touch/ smell/ taste/ hearing/ sight 触/ 嗅/ 味/ 听/ 视觉 sense of humor/ time/ language/ music 幽默感 / 时间观 / 语感 / 乐感 pain, ache 区另1Jache:身体长时间不断疼痛用法：ache作v时，其主语是身体的某部位，而不是人。head, tooth, stomach 能与 ache 起构成复合名词。pain:精神或肉体上的疼痛用法：表身体疼痛

34、 ,| C eg: I have a pain / pains in the leg. = My leg aches. 表精神痛苦，且表“努力，辛苦，操心”时，只用复数形式 eg: No pains, no gains.不劳无获 电electric 电的，电动的 electric shock 电击； electric wire 电线electrical关于电的知识或电的研究内容electrical engineer电机工程师electronic 电子的electronic watch 电子手表electricity (n) U3电，电流，电学影响系列的词affect: (vt)effect: (n) 常用短语：have an effect on 对有影响，对其作用，产生效果influence (vt)(n) have a (great/strong) influence on/upon 对有 (很大)影响under the influence of 在影响下mild / severe sunburn 轻微的/严重的灼伤turn / go white 变白turn, go, become 等词，解释为"变得"时，为系动词， eg: turn silent, go bad clothing 叵衣服(总