2高考英语应对策略与基础写作指导(议论文：如何对比不同观点)new

1、 高考英语应对策略与基础写作指导浙江省温州市龙湾区教师发展中心 卢晓江第二讲  议论文：如何对比不同观点议论文是作者对某个问题或某件事进行分析、评论，表明自己的观点、立场、态度、看法和主张的一种文体。议论文有三要素，即论点、论据和论证。论点的基本要求是：观点正确，认真概括，有实际意义，恰当地综合运用各种表达方式；论据基本要求是：真实可靠，充分典型；论证的基本要求是：推理必须符合逻辑。一、议论文写作三要素议论文主要包括三要素：论点、论据和论证方法。论点必须正确。论据是为说明论点服务的，既要可靠又要充分，事实胜于雄辩，是最好的论据。论据也可以是人们公认的真理，经过实践考验的哲理。论证的方

2、法多种多样，常用的方法有：1. 归纳法从分析典型，即分析个别事物入手，找出事物的共同特点，然后得出结论。2. 推理法从一般原理出发，对个别事物进行说明、分析，而后得出结论。3. 对照法对所有事实、方面进行对照，然后加以分析，得出结论。4.驳论法先列出错误的观点，然后加以逐条批驳，最后阐明自己的观点。二、议论文的特点议论文的结构一般有引子、正文和结论句三部分。一般在引子部分提出论点，即文章的主题，在正文部分摆出有利的事实，对论点进行严密的论证，最后根据前面的论证得出结论。三、议论文的写法要写好议论文，必须注意以下几点：1.确定论点。 论点通常在文章的第一段提出。2.要有足够的论据，可以列举生活的

3、实例。3.论证要有严密的逻辑性。所有事实、原因、理由应紧密地同结论连接起来。4.层次要清楚。5.态度诚恳、友好，因为议论文重在说理，以理服人。 6.论据要充分欲证明自己的观点必须有充分的证据。作者可以列举事实、展示数据、提供事例、借助常识或利用亲身经历。议论文在写作手法上以议论为主，但有时也要运用说明、叙述、描写等手法。议论中的说明常为议论的开展创造条件，或是议论的补充；议论文中的叙述和描写应是为论点提供依据的，因此，叙述应该是概括的，描写应该是简要的。特别要提醒的是写议论文常用一般现在时。四、实例演练Shall high school students use mobile phones i

4、n school?手机已经普及，连中学生也开始带手机上学了。他们认为带手机非常方便，也很酷；也有学生主张不应该带手机进学校，手机会分散注意力，并影响学习成绩。请你根据自己的理解，给英语报编辑写信，描述这种现象并表达你的意见。注意：1. 开头已经写好。2. 词数：100120个（开头部分已给出, 不计词数）。Dear Editor,Im writing to you to . Sincerely yours, Jack五、对比观点作文模版_ is becoming more and more popular now. There are two sides of opinions of it.

5、Some people say _ is their favorite. They hold their view for the reason that _. What is more,_.Moreover,_.While others think that _ is a better choice in the following three reasons. Firstly,_. Secondly (besides),_. Thirdly (finally),_.From my point of view, I think _. The reason is that _. As a ma

6、tter of fact, there are some other reasons to explain my choice. For me, the former(前者)/ the latter（后者） is surely a wise choice.六、模版参考范文：Dear Editor,Im writing to you to talk about the using of mobile phones in high school.Mobile phones are becoming more and more popular now. There are two sides of

7、opinions of it. Some students say mobile phones are their favorite. They hold their view for the reason that it is convenient /easy for us to talk with others. What is more,it is very cool for us students to have one.While others think that studentsnot using mobile phones is a better choice in the f

8、ollowing two reasons. Firstly, mobile phones will draw our attentions . Besides, often using mobile phones will affect our study . From my point of view, I think that it is not good for us students to use mobile phones in schools . The reason is that our duty is to study not to be cool. As a matter

9、of fact, there are some other reasons to explain my choice. For me, the latter（后者） is surely a wise choice. Sincerely yours, Jack七、高分参考范文：Dear Editor,Im writing to you to express my concerns about the using of mobile phones in high school.Nowadays, mobile phones are widely used; even some high schoo

10、l students have one, thinking it cool and convenient for communication. Some others, however, dont think it a must to have a mobile phone. According to them, they have so much to do at school and frequent communication with the outside world may distract their attention from lessons. They also complain they are disturbed when phones ring in classrooms.Personally, Im strongly against students using of mobile phones in schools. We know it takes joint efforts to creat