外研高中必修 4 module6 知识辅导

1、.必修4第6模块知识辅导重点单词【词条1】attack It often gets angry and will attack anyone who goes close to it. Page 51【点拨】这句话的意思是“它经常生气，会袭击靠近它的任何人。 其中attack为及物动词，意思是“袭击， attack也可作不及物动词。如： A girl was attacked and robbed by two strong men. The enemy attacked during the night.【拓展】1. attack也可当“鞭挞讲，搭配为attack sb. / sth. fo

2、r sth. / doing sth.。如：He was attacked for his corruption.2. attack也可作名词，和动词launch / make等搭配， launch / make an attack on sb. / sth. 攻击。如： They launched an attack on racism.【词条2】claim 【课文原句】He claims to have seen a round black creature moving quickly through the water. Page 52【点拨】这句话的意思是“他说他看见一个圆形黑色的东

3、西在湖面快速游过。其中claim的意思是“声称，声称，后可跟that从句或动词不定式。如： I dont claim to be an expert. He claimed he should be given a fairer opportunity. 【拓展】claim的意思还有：1. 要求，认领。如：Has anyone claimed this watch?2. 索赔，索取。如：Did you claim the insurance after your car accident?3. 注意，考虑。如：The matter claims our attention.【词条3】cover

4、【课文原句】 It is 2,189 metres high and covers an area of about ten square kilometers. Page 52【点拨】这句话的意思是“天池海拔2189米，面积有10平方公里。其中，cover an area of意为“占有空间,也可以只用cover。如：The town covers an area of 5 square miles. 【拓展】cover 的其他意思还有：1. 覆盖。如：The mountain is covered with snow all the year round.2. 包含，涉及。如：The le

5、cture covers many aspects of business. 3. 走完一段路程。如：I can cover the distance on foot in two hours.4. 报道。如：The reporters are covering the fire for a newspaper.【词条4】adapt 【课文原句】If you can adapt to something, you can change in order to make the situation better. Page 55【点拨】这里的adapt是“使合适的意思，常搭配介词to，adapt

6、 sth可以表示为adapt oneself to sth.。如：He adapted himself to the cold weather.【拓展】adapt的意思还有：1. 改编。adapt sth. for sth.把改编为。如： This story has been adapted for a play from its original edition. 2. 翻改，以适应新用处。如：These tools have been specially adapted for use by disabled people. 【词条5】evolve 【课文原句】When animals

7、or plants evolve, they change and develop over a long period of time. Page 55【点拨】这里的evolve是“演变，进化的意思。evolvefrom sth.从演变为。如：The species evolved from a monkey 5,000 years ago. 【拓展】evolve还有“开展的意思, evolve into sth. from sth.。如：This company has evolved into a major branch of the association. 重点短语【词条1】be

8、related to 【课文原句】Many people think the monster may be related to Nessie. Page 54 【点拨】 这句话的意思是“许多人认为，这个怪兽和尼斯湖水怪有关“。其中， be related to 表示“与有关的, 与be connected with意思相近。如：This kind of illness is related to sever stress. Pay increase will be related to productivity. He was connected with the case. 【拓展】1.

9、relate to sth. / sb. 表示“涉及，与相关。如： This essay relates to the economic situation of the world. 2. relate还可作“讲述，表达讲。relate sth. to sb. 向某人表达，讲述。如：He related his traveling experience to the audience. 【词条2】die out 【课文原句】Perhaps too much fighting caused the dinosaurs to die out. Page 56【点拨】这句话的意思是“可能过多的争斗

10、导致了恐龙的灭绝。其中，die out是“灭绝，消失的意思。如：This species has already died out because its habitat is being destroyed. 【拓展】与die相关的短语还有：1. die off 相继死去。如：Due to the lack of food supplies, the giant pandas died off in a month. 2. die down 逐渐平息，逐渐暗淡。如:When the applause had died down, the professor began his speech.

11、3. die way 减弱，消失。如： The noise of the parade died way eventually. 【词条3】due to Some experts believe it is due to the animals the myths grew out of. Page 59【点拨】这句话的意思是“有些专家认为，是因为这些动物而产生了迷信。其中，due to 是“因为，归咎于的意思，相当于because of, as a result of。如：All our achievements are due to the correct leadership of ou

12、r Party.The flight was cancelled due to the heavy fog.【拓展】due的相关用法还有： 1. due to sb. 应支付，应给予。如：Have you paid the money this is due to her?2. due for sth. 应有，应得到。如：He is due for a weeks leave.3. in due course 在适当的时候。如： I will give you a satisfying answer in due course.重点语法-情态动词表猜测用来表猜测的情态动词有：must, can

13、, may等，但它们所表示可能性是不同的。对如今发生的事情猜测1. 对如今的事情进展猜测，并且可能性较大时，肯定形式一般用must加动词原形，此时，must不再表示“必须，而是表示“肯定；否认形式一般用cant加动词原形，此时，can不再表示“可以，而是表示“肯定不。如： I saw him go out just now. He cant be in his own room. It must be Linda in the classroom, because she is on duty today. 2. 对如今的事情进展猜测，但把握较小时，肯定形式一般用may加动词原形，此时，may

14、不再表示“可以，而是表示“可能；否认形式一般用may not加动词原形。如：He may tell the truth to his father. She may not angry because she is good-tempered.3. 对如今的事情进展猜测，但把握更小时，肯定形式一般用might加动词原形；否认形式一般用might not加动词原形。如： She might not be angry because she usually is very patient.He might be at home now, but Im not sure.对过去发生的事情猜测1. 对

15、过去的事情进展猜测，并且可能性较大时，肯定形式一般用must have done，否认形式一般用cant have done。如：Your score is the highest; you must have studied very hard.You cant have seen her in her office last Friday; shes been out of town for two weeks.2. 对过去的事情进展猜测，但把握较小时，肯定形式一般用may have done，否认形式一般用may not have done。如： He may have gone bac

16、k home, because he didnt say he would take part in her birthday party.He may not have paid for the bill, because he had lost his job.3. 对过去的事情进展猜测，但把握更小时，肯定形式一般用might have done，否认形式用might not have done。如：They helped send her bat to the hospital; otherwise, she thought, the baby might have died. She might not have left home when I got to school. 注意：另外，情态动词后面也可加进展时表推测。1. 情态动词+动词如今进展时，表示对如今或将来正在进展的情况进展推测。如：At this moment, our teacher must b