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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上1 1.1 The Concept of International Trade国际贸易的观念 International trade is the exchange of goods and services produced in one country for those p
2、roduced in another country. In most cases countries do not trade the actual the goods and services. Rather they use the income or money from the sale of their
3、160;products to buy the products of another country. 1.2 Introduction to International Payments and Settlements International payments and settlements are
4、60;financial activities conducted among different countries in which payments are effected or funds are transferred from one country to another in order to clear relations of&
5、#160;debts. 国际支付与结算是指为清偿国际间的债权债务关系或跨国转移资金而发生在不同国家之间的货币收付活动。 1.2 categories(分类) (1)、According to the cause of international settlement International trade settlement(国际贸易结算)
6、60; International trade settlement is created on the basis of sales of commodities. 国际贸易结算是指有形贸易活动(即由商品的进出口)引起的货币收付活动.(主要形式) International non-trade settlement (国际非贸易结算) invi
7、sible trade无形交易 financial transaction金融业务 payment between governments政府间的款项 others 其他业务 (2)、According to whether c
8、ash is used Cash settlement(现金结算) International payments is effected by shipping precious metals taking the form of coins, bars or bullions&
9、#160;to or from the trading countries. Non-cash settlement(非现金结算) International payment is settled by way of transferring funds through the accou
10、nts opened in these banks. Four major clearing systems in the world(四大清算系统) 2.1 SWIFT(Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication) SWIFT is a se
11、rvice organization established to meet a number of specialized service needs relating to interbank financial communications through a dedicated data processing and telecommunication sys
12、tem. Membership 会员制 Low expenses 低费用 Security 安全性 Standardised 标准化 2.2 CHIPS(The Clearing House Interbank Payment System).纽约清算所同业支付系统
13、60; 2.3 CHAPS(Clearing House Automated Payment System)伦敦银行同业自动支付系统 2.4 TATGET(Trans-European Automated Real-Time Gross-Settlement Express Transfer) 泛欧实时全额自动清算系统 3.1 &
14、#160; Correspondent Bank代理银行 Correspondent banking is an arrangement under which one bank (correspondent) holds deposits owned by other banks (respondents) and provides
15、60;payment and other services to those respondent banks. Such arrangements may also be known as agency relationships in some domestic contexts.是接受其他国家或地区的银行委托,代办国际结算业务或提供其他服务,并建立相互代理业务关系的银行。
16、0;2 。Establishment of a correspondent bank Control documents可控制的文件 Correspondent arrangement建立代理关系 Specimen of authorized signatures 印鉴,是银行有权签字人的签字式样。 Telegraphic
17、60;test key/SWIFT authentic key密押是用于识别银行电讯文件的数字密码。 Schedule of terms and conditions 费率表是银行在办理业务时收费的依据。 Credit Instruments for four四种常用于国际结算的信用票据 Negotiable instrumen
18、t可转让的票据 Negotiable instrument, also known as credit instrument, is an unconditional order or promise to pay a certain amount of money. It can easily be transferable. Func
19、tions (票据的功能) As a means of payment; 付款方式 As a credit instrument; 信用票据 As a means of finance. 金融工具 As a transferable instrument;可转让的票据 Bill of Ex
20、change汇票 A bill of exchange is defined officially as an unconditional order in writing , addressed by one person to another, signed by the first person, requiring th
21、e second person to whom it is addressed to pay on demand, or at a fixed or determinable future time, a certain amount of money, to, or to the order of
22、, a specified person or to the bearer. 无条件的 书面命令 汇票是由一个人 (drawer)向另一个人(drawee)签发的,要求受票人见票时或在未来某一规定的或可以确定的时间(tenor)将一定金额的款项支付给某一特定的人或其指定人,或持票人(payee)。 Essentials of a bill of exchange绝对必要事项:Such words as
23、60;“bill of exchange”exchange; draft or so 书面写有汇票字样 u An unconditional order in writing 无条件的支付命令name and address of the
24、 drawee (addressee payer)付款人名字和地址signature or stamp of the drawer 出票人的签名和盖章 u date of the issue 开立的日期About some dollars 确定的金额 name or&
25、#160;business entity of the payee 收款人的名字或商务实体 Acts of a bill of exchange 汇票的票据行为 Issue/draw(出票) draw and sign a draft 出票人写汇票并且签字2、deliver it to the payee出票人将汇票交付
26、给收款人 Endorsement(背书) When the holder of a draft wants to transfer or pass its title to another person, he should sign on the back of the draft and delive
27、r it to the endorsee. Its an act of negotiation. (1)背书人不再是票据的持票人,需向其后手承担担保承兑和付款的责任。 (2)被背书人成为持票人, 享有票据权利 Presentation(提示) Presen
28、t for acceptance提示承兑 我国见票给付1个月期限 Present for payment 提示付款 日内瓦规定到期日前后两个营业日 Acceptance(承兑)3 Acceptance of a draft is a signification
29、by the drawee of his assent to the order given by the drawer. He engages, by signing his name across the face of the bill that he will pay when it
30、0;falls due(到期). Payment(付款)债务人完成债券的偿还 Dishonor (拒付或退票) Act of dishonor is a failure or refusal to make acceptance on or payment of a draft when presented.拒绝承兑;拒绝付款;避而不见;死亡
31、;破产,被责令 Recourse(追索) object to recourse: drawer, endorser, acceptor, other debtor order: in order or not in order; normally directly to the drawer持有合格的票据; 持票人尽责(提示);发生拒付
32、60; Guarantee (保证) guarantor :a third party 保证人是第三方 warrantee:drawer, acceptor, endorser 被保证人是出票人,承兑人,背书人 Sum in money recoursed: 追索需要的费包括2 1. Par amount (interest&
33、#160;included);Lost interest 3. Charges result from notice ofdishonor and protest 汇票的贴现:持票人在票据到期前为获取现款向银行贴付一定的利息所做的票据转让。 贴现的计算:贴现净值到期价值贴现利息 贴现利息D(V×t×r)/T V到期价值 t贴现日到到期日的天数
34、 r年贴现率 T1年的基础天数(360天计) 带息应收票据利息的计算公式为: 应收票据利息=应收票据面值×利率×期限 应收票据到期价值=应收票据面值×(1十利率×期限) “期限”是指票据签发日至到期日的间隔时间。 A draft was issued on July 30th,2008. The
35、160;par value was ten thousand RMB, the rate of interest per annum was 8%. The tenor was 3 months after sight and the drawee accepted it on August 27th, 20
36、08. The holder discounted the draft at the rate of 10% per annum on September 19th, 2008. How much can the holder receive? 到期价值(10000×8×120)/3601000010266.67元 贴现利息(10266.
37、67×10×69)/360196.78元 贴现净值10266.67196.7810069.89元 categories of draft 汇票的种类 (1)according to drawer bankers bill trade bill (2)according to whether documents are
38、0;attached clean bill documentary bill (3)according to tenor sight draft Time bill (4)according to acceptor Traders acceptance bill
39、0; Bankers acceptance bill 4 、Promissory Note本票 A promissory note is an unconditional promise in writing made by one person (the maker) to another (the payee
40、 or the holder), signed by the maker engaging to pay on demand, or at a fixed or determinable future time, a sum certain in money to or to the order
41、160;of a specified person or to bearer.出票人签发的,承诺自己在见票时无条件支付确定金额给收款人或者持票人的票据。我国的票据法中实际只规定了即期银行本票。 Categories of a promissory note 本票的种类 Bankers notes and traders notes(银行本票和商业本票an enterprise or a
42、 person) Special notes(记名本票) and note payable to order(指示性本票) Sight notes and time notes(即期本票和远期本票) Bankers notes are all sight notes. Three kinds of time notes: on the
43、160;20th June 2008; At 90 days after date; At 90 days after sight我国票据制度中的本票,必须是“记名式银行即期本票” Check支票 A check is an unconditional order in writing addressed by the customer
44、 to a bank signed by that customer authorizing the bank to pay on demand a specified sum of money to or to the order of a named person or to bear
45、er.支票(Cheque or Check)是以银行为付款人的即期汇票。 Categories of a check支票的种类 Check payable to order(记名支票) eg. Pay to A Co. only; Pay to A Co. or order.取款时须由收款人签章,方可支取。 Check payable to
46、0;bearer(不记名支票) It can be payable without the signature of the bearer and it can be transferred by delivery. 支票上不记载收款人姓名无须在支票背后签章,只写“付来人”,此项支票仅凭交付而转让。 Crossed cheque (划线支票) A crossing
47、160;is in effect an instruction to the paying bank from the drawer or holder to pay the fund to a bank only. 普通划线是在平行线中不注明收款银行名称的支票,收款人可以通过任何一家银行代收票款入账。 Chapter 5:Internation
48、al Bank Remittance(国际银行汇兑)银行间转换货币清偿债务。 ¬ Remittance refers to the transfer of funds from one party to another among different countries through banks. 汇款,也称汇付。它是指银行或其他金融机构(汇出行Remitting
49、Bank)应汇款人(付款人Remitter)的要求,通过一定的方式将一定的金额交给其国外的代理机构(汇入行Paying Bank),并由汇入行将款项解付给收款人(Payee or Beneficiary)的一种结算方式。 Telegraphic Transfer, T/T (电汇汇款) Remittance by cable/telex/SWIFT is often referred to as cable tra
50、nsfer or telegraphic transfer, namely T/T. 电汇是汇出行应收款人的申请,用加押电报、电传或SWIFT形式指示汇入行(国外联行或代理行)付款给收款人的一种汇款方式。 Telegraphic Transfer Procedure电汇汇款的流程 5 Characteristics电汇的特性: It is a kind of remittance(顺汇). It
51、;is the fastest type but the charges are also higher.速度最快但是费用最高 In bank remittance, the T/T is in preference to others. It is dealt on the same day and the
52、;bank cant use the funds under way.在银行汇款中,电汇是最好的。 It is safe and creditable.安全可靠 Mail Transfer, M/T (信汇汇款) Remittance by airmail transfers funds by means of a payment
53、60;order, a mail transfer advice, or sometimes an advice issued by a remitting bank, at the request of the remitter. Characteristics特点: It is a kind of remittance(顺
54、汇). The charges is low. It is the slower type and because of mail, it will spend more time to receive the money. Bank can occupy the funds under way f
55、or a short time.银行可以在短时间内占用。 Demand Draft D/D (票汇) A bankers demand draft(D/D票汇) is a negotiable instrument drawn by a bank on its overseas branch or its correspon
56、dent abroad ordering the latter to pay on demand the stated amount to the holder of the draft. 汇票是银行开具的可自由转让的单据,委托付款人在见票时或者在制定日期无条件支付确定的金额给收款人或持票人的票据。 Characteristics of D/D:
57、60;(Aurthorized signature有权签字人签字) The paying bank is flexible.支付行可以灵活地支付 The draft can replace the cash to be negotiated.汇票可以代替现金转让 The draft is carried by the remitter himself or&
58、#160;is posted by the remitter to the payee. 汇票可以让汇款人直接拿给收款人,也可以寄给收款人 The paying bank need not notifies the beneficiary and the latter will come to receive the money. 支付行需要不通知
59、受益人,而后他将会来收钱。 Cover (头寸):is the remitted funds. Once the remitting bank instructed the paying bank to offer 面值:face value 赊账:open account 破产法:bankruptcy law 印花税:stamp duty 总资
60、产:total assets 贸易壁垒:trade barrier 进口关税:import tariff 资金转移:fund transfer 有形贸易:tangible trade 无形贸易:intangible trade 国际惯例:international customs and practices 清算系统:clearing system 银行竞争:banking competition
61、;国际支付:international payment 缺乏经验:lack of expertise 全球策略:global strategy 专业服务:professional service 财务报表:financial statement 远期汇票:term bill 跟单汇票:documentary draft 流通工具:negotiable instrument 授权签字:authorized signat
62、ure 金融机构:financial institution 运输单据:shipping document 托收指示:collection instruction 拒绝证书:protest 商业用途:commercial utility 契约安排:contractual arrangement 付款义务:obligation of payment 独立责任:independent responsibility 合同义务:con
63、tractual obligation 信用评估:credit evaluation 经济衰退:economic recession 法律文件:legal document 指定银行:nominated bank 信誉调查:credit investigation 提货担保:shipping guarantee 转移风险:transfer risk 信用额度:credit line 汇款人账户:remitter
64、9;s account 可兑换货币:convertible currency 大小写金额:amount in words and figures SWIFT密押:SWIFT authentication key 第二还款来源:the second source of repayment 多式联运提单:multimodal transport document 全球金融市场:global
65、financial market 需要时的代理:agent in case of need 全球经济一体化:economic globalization 带有不符点的单据:discrepant document 有条件的付款承诺:conditional undertaking of payment 无条件的支付承诺:unconditional promise of payment 全球金融同业通讯协会:SW
66、IFT 无条件的书面支付命令:unconditional order of payment in writing 海外分支机构和代理行:overseas branches and correspondent banks 1.国际结算涉及有形贸易和无形贸易,外国投资,从其他国家借贷资金等等。 The international settlement involves tangible trades,
67、0;intangible trade, foreign investments, funds borrowed from or lent to other countries and so on. 2.许多银行注重发展国际结算和贸易融资的业务。 Many banks have focused on their business of internationa
68、l settlement and trade finance. 3.大多数国际间的支付来自于世界贸易。 Most of the international payments originate from transactions in the world trade. 4.一般来说,国际结算的方式分为三类:汇款,托收和信用证。 Usually the international
69、;settlement is divided into three broad categories: remittance, collection and letter of credit. 5.用于国际结算的的货币是可兑换的货币。 Currencies used in the international settlement are convertible currenci
70、es. 6.每一个通信和支付系统都有自己的使用规则。 Each communication and payment system has its own rules. 7.有五种美元清算的方式。 There are fives US dollar fund transfer payment methods. 8.欧元是欧盟国家使用的货币。 Euro is t
71、he single currency of the European Union. 9.香港作为国际金融中心必须遵循国际惯例。 As an international financial center, Hong Kong must follow international payment practices. 10.两家银行建立代理行关系的原则是基于双方的互惠互利。 The
72、overall principle to establish correspondent banking relationship between two banks is on the basis of mutual benefits. 11.一家银行对其所在国金融系统的重要性是对该银行进行评级的重要因素。 The importance of a bank to
73、160;its country's financial system is a major factor in the rating process. 12.穆迪和标准普尔在对银行进行评级时有许多相似之处。 Moody and Standard&Poor's share many similarities in rating banks. 13.许多著名
74、的大银行是根据一定的程序来向代理行提供信用额度。 The credit line for a correspondent is worked out according to certain procedures in many sizeable and well-known banks. 14.银行不仅可从贸易融资中获利,而且还可以介入金融活动之中。 Not only
75、0;banks can gain from trade finance, they can also engage in those financial activities. 15.由于这张信用卡的持卡人不讲信用,发卡银行将取消该卡。 The issuing bank of this credit will cancel the holder's&
76、#160;card because of his poor credit standing. 16.旅行支票异于在国外银行·旅店·商店·机场等兑现。 Traveller's checks are easily encashable at banks, hotel, shops and airports abroad. 17.汇票和本票的定义有一些相似之处。
77、160;There are some similarities between the definition of a bill of exchange and a promissory note. 18.请开立一张以Mr.Smith为付款人的金额为2000美元的即期汇票。 Please draw a sight draft on Mr.Simth for&
78、#160;US dollars 2000. 19.由于电信业的迅猛发展,大多数的付款义务都是通过电汇方式完成。 With rapid telecommunication, most payment transactions are handled by telegraphic transfer. 20.在付款业务中总是会出现一些差错。 In the process of payment
79、transfer, some mistakes may occur. 21.处理付款业务中的典型错误是将头寸付款方式和链式付款方式的报文混淆。 It is a typical mistake to confuse the message types of the cover method with those of the serial metho
80、d. 22.在一些国家,通常用于国内付款的链式方式也用于跨境付款。 In some countries and for some currencies, the serial method-typical for domestic payments-is also used cross-border. 23.电汇常常用于大金额和时间较紧的情况。 T/T is often use
81、d when the remittance amount is large and the transfer of funds is subject to a time limit. 24.跟单托收适用于出口商既不想用赊账也不愿意用信用证的情况。 Documentary collections are suitable in cases where
82、 the exporter is reluctant to supply the goods on an open account basis, but does not need the strong security provided by a documentary credit. 25.跟单托收统一惯例是国际托收业务中通行的规则。
83、 The Unifrom Rules for Collections from an internationally accepted code of practice covering documentary collections. 26.单据应符合进口国家的法律和法规的要求。 The type of documents should comply with
84、60;the laws and regulations of the importing country. 27.拒绝证书是法庭认可的拒付的法律依据,它要由公证机构来制作。 Bill protesting is a legal evidence of dishonor acceptable to a court of law, and it wil
85、l come into force by a notarization of notary office. 28.在此契约安排下的每一项条款都是独立的。 Each item in contracts in this arrangement is independent of one another. 29.进口商也要对远期汇票进行承兑并到期付款。 An importer is also obliged to make an acceptance on the term bill of exchange and make
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