外文资料与中文翻译

1、河南理工大学万方科技学院电气与自动化工程系2010届毕业生英文文献专业:电气工程及其自动化班级:07电气1班学号:0720120027姓名:王烙印时间:年月日英文资料Single-Chip Microcomputer dormancy computing reset and the anti-interference ability is perfect Abstract:Introduce a kind of dormancy of using- restore to the throne in the operation way and improve the anti-interfere

2、nce ability method of the one-chip computer,Analyse its scope of application, provide and use the circuit concretely; Combine the instance, analyze the characteristic of the hardware and software design under these kind of operation way. Keyword: Single-Chip Microcomputer Restore to the throne, dorm

3、ancy, anti-interferencePreface:With the development at full speed of the micro electric technique, the performance of the one-chip computer improves rapidly, demonstrate the outstanding advantage in the operation, logic control, intelligent respect, replaced and enlarged the measuring that the circu

4、it made up, control circuit by digital logical circuit, operation originally to a great extent, use very extensively. But because it have system halted, procedure run critical defect of flying etc, make it limit in a lot of important application of occasion. A lot of technology in anti-interference

5、, for example set up the software trap, add the hardware to guard the gate in dog's circuit etc, can make this problem have better settlement, but still the existing problem: Guard the gate dog at the movement, mean and appear mistake already and run some time, this is not allowed in some occasi

6、ons; Procedure appear circulation mistake very much sometimes, but just guard the gate dog control link include and enter, adopt and guard the gate as to such a mistake dog unable to discern; In measure and control cycle among the long system, one-chip computerspend wait for the peripheral hardware

7、a large amount of time, will be interfered too when carry out and wait for the order. To these situations, we have tried the method restored to the throne voluntarily in practice, alternate pulse of adopting etc or restore to the throne waking according to external terms to the one-chip computer up.

8、 After being restored to the throne each time, the one-chip computer carries out the corresponding procedure, enters dormancy in time after finishing carrying out the task, wait to be restored to the throne neatly. Have solved above-mentioned problems well with this method, and has got better result

9、 in the agricultural voltage transformer comprehensive protector experiment. Now take 51 serial one-chip computers as an example and probe into the concrete principle and implementation method, restored to the throne the signal as the high level.1 A principle and implementation method1.1 Uncondition

10、al regular resetUse timer, special clock chip or other pulse generator in a certain part of the regular produce reset signal. This method is especially suited for measuring instrument; this kind of method is especially suitable for the measuring instrument. In not running actually, sample the analog

11、 quantity of introduction with A/D converter often, then store showing. This course is very fast, but steady for reading, the data per second are only upgraded 1 -2 times, a large amount of time of CPU is used for waiting. Let CPU carry out and enter dormancy directly after the task , restore to the

12、 throne and wake by external world up It carry out the next operation, this is to restore to the throne the law regularly In this way can make anti-interference ability strengthen greatly , have 2 points mainly: . At the dormancy, procedure stop run can appear PC indicator disorderly procedure that

13、causes run and fly. Work time in dormancy proportion 1:9, that is to say 1 s have 0.1 time of s used for measuring, sending off showing,there is time dormancy of 0.9s, the probability that the procedure is interfered is 1/10 while running at full speed, whole anti-interference ability raise by 10 ti

14、mes. Because every 1s is restored to the throne once unconditionally, once present the system halted during a job, can certainly resume when restored to the throne next time. As to only instrument that show, some reading mistake that 1s appear accidentally there is no memory to the next measurement,

15、 be could bear, belong to “pass” mistake. This kind is restored to the throne the advantage of dog's circuit for guarding the gate regularly, first, change waiting time into a dormancy state, time to shorten and may be interfered; Second, avoided happening that the dog controls the death circula

16、tion of the link to include guarding the gate.1.2 The external condition is restored to the throne the lawSome arrival that export or measure is controlled by the outside. For instance, the hot form of heating, rotate the pulse produced and calculate heat by hot water wheels, there is no hot water t

17、o flow, there is no heat to export, CPU only need in fact keep number value, do not need to count. Can imagine hot water wheels rotate when parking warm , CPU idle in will it be will it be one season autumn spring and summer, If let dormancy its , measure have water wheels pulse constantly, anti-int

18、erference ability can strengthen greatly. So, so long as link up the restoring to the throne of the pulse of the water wheels and CPU, the water wheels rotate a circle each time, CPU is restored to the throne once, hot form can work normally , this is restored to the throne the law by the external c

19、ondition . Similar application have half electron kilowatt-hour meter , go on one count just when the machinery degree wheels and transfers to a circle, users do not need the electricity, CPU has been knowing the dormancy all the time . The restoring to the throne in the interval not to be regular,

20、but confirmed according to the external condition of this method. In someoccasions, the time of the dormancy will be very long, very effective to improving anti-interference ability.2 The hardware realizes the main point2.1 Restored to the throne regularly unconditionallyGenerally it has 2 kinds of

21、methods. Use the timer or the special-purpose clock chip to be restored to the throne. Fig1, in order to use the timing circuit that 555 circuit makes up; Can use the clock chips of X1126, etc, wake CPU up with the alarm signal after setting up warning time. This kind of method is suitable when the

22、long interval is made, can also follow the result of this operation ,determine to wake time up in alarm next time temporarily, very flexible and convenient. The signal of using the system to be inherent is as reducing the pulse regularly. Use 50Hz worker power make reducing after having a facelift f

23、requently, already omit the timer, gathered the corresponding signal for the phase place which measured the electric current signal at the same time, as Fig. 2 shows.2.2 External conditions are restored to the throneSend external condition pulse to and is restored to the throne the end son after hav

24、ing a facelift. To that above-mentioned water wheels or the ammeter spend a pulse produced, can use Schmitt's trigger to have a facelift; For writing down the instrument of the biggest or minimum, can use the window comparator. In order to realize the electrification that is regulated,can use th

25、e electronic electric potential device, establish upper and lower limits with the order of the one-chip computer.2.3 Reduce cycle and restored to the throne the high electricity at ordinary timesIn Fig3, restored to the throne the signal during high level Tr, the one-chip computer is in the state of

26、 restoring to the throne, the proceduredoes not run, anti-interference ability is the strongest; After the high level, the one-chip computer begins to hold the conduct procedure. That is to say, are restored to the throne and suitable for the time that the procedure carries out during the low level

27、Td of the signal, this time should be greater than the execution cycle of the procedure each time. It is restore to the throne cycle and restore to the throne high level of signal take empty than very much important to choose rationally. As to simple to show instrument, restore to the throne cycle d

28、etermine data break cycle, low electricity is it measure, hence over all time shown to greater than to want at ordinary times; otherwise, it cant present forever the mistake of the intact executive program. Monolithic integrated circuit in Ts and Tr period all can effectively the antigambling, but i

29、s best the unnecessary time arrangement in Tr. When the program time is long, as far as possible the request reduces Tr,it may join the differentiating circuit, like chart 1 center C30, R26, D9.2.4 Have the electricity to measure and restore to the throne manuallySome systems in its initialization a

30、nd run-time need first electrical impulses. Restored to the throne and already become the beginning condition of normal running each time while adopting the way of restoring to the throne to run, it is unable to distinguish and have the electricity for the first time. In some pin connects the electr

31、ic capacity of one Leif to the ground, measure this pin after being restored to the throne, if low level to have electricity for the first time. Give system set up one restore to the throne button, that is to say a common one manual to restore to the throne, this button is not joined and being resto

32、red to the throne in the end, is connected in parallel in the electric capacity both ends to the ground of above-mentioned pins.Result:Conclusion Anti-interference is an important problem in an electronic design, especially Important in the one-chip computer. This is because the one-chip computer ha

33、s procedures to run particularity that flies, the consequence that it is interfered may be the system halted, may send out various kinds of mistakes or illegal movements before the system halted too, make the whole system produce the mortality mistake. So, only guarantee it is not enough yet for one

34、-chip computer not to crash, study how to reduce the risk interfered, it can befault-toierant how is it after and make mistakes. This text is it act as some exploration from two these to try hard, hope these elementary opinions can play some function of casting a brick to attract jade, helpful to ev

35、erybody; Hope to every colleague explore together, improve our design level together.中文翻译单片机的休眠运算复位和抗干扰能力完善摘要:介绍了一种通过运算复位来改善抗干扰能力的重复使用的单片机,分析其适用范围,提供和分析其所使用的电路,结合实例分析在某些运行方式下的软硬件设计。关键词:单片机复位,休眠,反干扰前言:随着微电子技术迅速发展,单片机性能也得到迅速提高。智能维护逻辑控制电路取代了以往的测量电路的数字逻辑控制电路,并将其发展。这操作被扩展到更大的范围,并得到广泛使用。因为它有系统的停顿,所以运行程序有致

36、命缺陷在许多重要场合受到限制。很多反干扰技术(例如有软件隔栏;将硬件的接口放入狗的电路中等等可以使这一问题的到很好的解决,但仍然存在着问题:连接狗的电路运行时好时坏,这是在某些场合是不允许的。程序时常出现很多电路错误,仅仅是狗的连接环节也会时常出现无法识别的错误。在测量和控制周期之间的时间长时,单片机要花费大量时间等待周边其他硬件,在运算处理等待命令时它将会受到太多的干扰,对于这些情况,在实践中我们已经尝试过主动复位的方法,采用后续脉冲外界条件触发单片机工作。在每次复位后单片机将进行相应的程序,执行命令后立即进入休眠,为下次复位做好准备,用此种方法很好的解决了上述的问题,在农业电压互感器综合保

37、护装置实验中得到很好的效果。现在用51系列单片机作为一个例子,并具体探讨高电平复位的原理和实施方法。1 原理和实施方法1.1 无条件定期复位使用定时器,专用时钟芯片或其它脉冲发生器在某一部分定期产生复位信号。这种方法尤其适合于测量仪器。在这种运行中,模拟量通过A/D转换器后并将其存入显示。这当然是非常快的,但在稳定的运行中,数据每秒只有1-2倍的提高,在大量的时间内CPU是用来等待让CPU的工作并工作后进入休眠,复位和外界条件触发CPU执行下次指令,这就是复位,这样才能使抗干扰能力大大加强。其有两个主要内容:在休眠(程序停止运行时可以出现CP机指示无序的程序。工作时间与休眠时间比例为1:9,那

38、就是说1秒内有0.1秒时间是用于测量,传送,显示,有0.9秒时间是休眠。这概率也就是说一程序在全速运行时间只有十分之一的干涉时间,整个抗干扰能力提高十倍。因为是每秒的复位,一旦无条件或目前的工作运行停止,下一个周期一定能够实现恢复复位。至于唯一的数据显示,虽然有些读入数据在1秒内出现错误但对下次测量没有影响或可以承受的都属于可忽略的错误。这种复位的好处是狗的电路在定期控制着。首先,改工作到休眠状态的时间,并有可能干预,二是可以避免发生该狗门电路的控制导致接口连接不畅。1.2 外部条件复位法部分进入是由外界控制的,举例来说,加热升温供暖的旋转脉冲产生,并计算有热水车轮产生的热量,没有热水流量也没有热出口量时中央处理器只需要在事实上使用