英语语法填空技巧

1、语法填空技巧1.考查介词，包括表时间、方位、方式的介词on，in，at，with，by，through等。如2010年高考考查了with表伴随的用法：The young man went home_35_a happy heart.；2009年考查了介词on和at: Jane stopped where a small crowd of men had gathered. She found some good quality pipes 37 sale.，When Jane got home, with her small but well-chosen present in her bag

2、, her parents were already 39 table having supper.2.考查连词，包括表转折but，while、并列and，or、因果because，so等连词。如2008年高考考查了连词but：He was very tired after doing this for a whole day, 37 he felt very happy since the crop did “grow” higher.3.考查副词，包括形容词转化成副词时的一般情况及特殊情况，如warmwarmly，truetruly；“le”结尾e改y如：possiblepossibly，

3、probableprobably等。2010年考查了副词warmly，如题：His teacher took a deep drink, smiled 34 (warm), and thanked his student very much for the sweet water.；另外，2007年高考考查了副词merrily，如题：We drank together and talked 38 (merry) till far into the night.4.考查形容词，一般常考查比较级或最高级形式，如2010、2008年高考均考查了形容词的比较级sweeter和higher，如题：The

4、 teacher replied, “You tasted the water. I tasted the gift. The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love. Nothing could be _39_ (sweet).”（2010年高考）；He was very tired after doing this for a whole day, but he felt very happy since the crop did “grow” 38 (high).（2008年高考）。另外考生需注意词性转

5、化，像过去分词用作为形容词，如experienced editors中的experienced（有经验的）；或是由名词转化为形容词，如名词detail转化成形容词detailed（详细的）等。5.考查代词，代词的种类繁多，包括人称代词、物主代词、疑问代词、反身代词和指示代词等，其中近年来对指示代词it在句中指代事物、不定式或从句的用法较常见，如2010和2008年高考题就考查了it代事物的用法，如题：He asked his teacher,” Sir, the water was awful. Why did you pretend to like 38 ?”（2010高考）， It is

6、said that a short tempered man in Song Dynasty was very anxious to help his rice crop grow up quickly. He was thinking about 34 day and night.（2008高考）还有09高考考查了it指代不定式的用法：She remembered how difficult 31 was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father.6.考查冠词，考生应非常明确冠词a，an，the的功用。对冠词的考查方面，201

7、0年高考考查了定冠词the的特指用法：A young man, while traveling through a desert, came across a spring of clear water._31_water was sweet.另外，近年来高考对冠词a基本用法的考查非常频繁。如2009年高考第33空：Besides, shopping at this time of the year was not 33 pleasant experience : people stepped on your feet or 34 （push）you with their elbows（肘部）

8、，hurrying ahead to get to a bargain.；再如2007年高考第35空：, the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to 35 small town some 20 kilometres away 36 there was a garage. 7.考查谓语动词，包括考查谓语动词的时态及语态方面。教学大纲要求学生掌握的常考时态有数十种。在语法填空题中，对一般过式时的考查是近几年高考的重点考查对象，如2007年高考：The sun was setting when my c

9、ar 31 (break) down near a remote village.考查了谓语动词break的过去式broke；2009年高考：, people stepped your feet or 34 (push) you with their elbows(肘部), hurrying ahead to get to a bargain.考查了push的过去式；Her mother was excited. “Your father has at last decided to stop smoking,” Jane 4 0 (inform).考查了inform的一般过去被动式；再如20

10、10高考：After a four-day journey, the young man 33 (present) the water to the old man.考查了present的一般过去式。8.考查关系代词及关系副词，这主要是考查学生对于关联词在从句中的应用的能力，其常考词为that，who，which，what等，另外，学生对于that在定语从句可作主、宾、表语，但在名词性从句是不作成分并没有词义的不同功用一定要区别开来，否则很容易造成失分。如2010年高考考查了关系代词that的特殊用法：We understand this lesson best _40_ we receive

11、 gifts of love from children.；再如2008年高考考查了that引导同位从句的用法：One day, he came up with an idea 35 he would pluck (拔) up all of his crop a few inches.；还有在2010、2007两年高考均考查了关系代词who：He filled his leather container so that he could bring some back to an elder 32 had been his teacher.(2010年高考)；I realized that t

12、he villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to 32 should have the honour of receiving me as a guest in their house. (2007年高考)。9.考查非谓语动词，包括不定式、现在分词、过去分词及动名词。考生了解它们在句中的功用、区别及常考点是非常必要的。现在分词表示主动且表示动作正在进行，如2010年高考：He spit it out, _ 37_(say) it was awful.考查的就是现在分词saying。过去分词表示被动且表示动作已经发生或用来描述事

13、物的状态，如2007年高考：While she was getting me 34 (settle) into a tiny but clean room, the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to.，考查了过去分词settled。另外，不定式担当句子状语是高考常考的一个知识点，如2008年高考：For example, the proverb, “plucking up a crop 32 (help).考查了不定式to help作目的状语；2009高考：She wished that he was as easy

14、 3 2 (please) as her mother.考查了不定式to please用于形容词后担当状语。学生只有掌握了它们在句中的功用，才能在写出正确的非谓语动词形式。除此以外，还有对名词、倒装句及强调句等的考查。以上这些考点也都是平时测试题及高考的命题方向和考查内容。在教学中，教师一定要让向学生明确这些必考点，学生在解题过程中才能快速地找到最佳答案，也才能够提高解题能力。高中英语语法填空十三招高中英语语法填空十三招：语法填空是近年来高考英语科新推出的一种题型这种题型能全面检测学生在英语词汇、语法，甚至是句法上的运用能力，能更科学地反映学生的英语综合水平。本题型分两种情况：一种为已给单词提

15、示，一种为不给单词提示一、已给单词提示题型的技巧此类题可以考查学生对单词形式变化的掌握程度。单词形式变化主要有两种，一是词的形、数、式的变化，一是词的派生变化。在判断出词的变化之后还应该进一步审题，看是否需要使用复合的变化形式，这一点是很重要的。技巧一：名词形式变化。名词的形式变化主要有单数、复数、所有格的变化。例1：There are many students living at school，the_ (child)houses are all far from schoo1由students-词可以判断出横线处应填复数，且作为houses的定语，所以应用其所有格形式，故答案为child

16、的复合变化形式 复数的所有格childrens。技巧二：动词形式变化。动词的形式变化比较多，有谓语的变化(时态、语态、语气)，有非谓语的变化(不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词)。例2：A talk_(give)tomorrow is written by Professor Zhang句中的is是整句的谓语，所以横线所在的动词应当用作非谓语。从tomorrow可以看出，报告是“将来”作的，故用不定式；且报告是give动作的承受者，故可以判断出横线所在处用give的不定式被动式to be given。技巧三：代词形式变化。代词形式变化通常是与人称变化有关的三大类五小类，即人称代词(主格和宾格)

17、、物主代词(形容词性和名词性)、反身代词。另外还有几个不定代词的形式变化，如no onenone、otheranother等。例3：The king decided to see the painter by_(he)由介词bv可以看出，横线处应填反身代词himself。技巧四：形容词、副词比较级变化。英语中大部分形容词和表方式的副词都有原级、比较级和最高级的变化。构成比较级和最高级的方式，或通过加后缀一er和est，或在词前moreless和mostleast，且形容词的绝对最高级还要冠以the。例4：I am _ (tall)than Liu WenHe is the tallest st

18、udents in my class此题后句交代了LiuWen是班上最高的学生，那“我”肯定比他矮，所以不能用taller，只能用表示程度不如的“less tall”。技巧五：数词形式变化。数词的形式变化包括基数词、序数词，或加后缀一teen、ty的变化，甚至还有作分母用的序数词的单复数形式，以及onetwo的特殊变化形式oncetwice例5：To my three sons I leave my seventeen horsesMy eldest son shall take a half, my second son shall take a_ (three)从上下文连续起来理解，这是一

19、个分马的计划，大儿子分得a half，也就是“一半”或“二分之一”，那么二儿子应该得“三分之一”，所以要填入作分母的序数词“third”才能命中目标。技巧六：词的派生。词的派生现象在英语单词中是很常见的，派生现象主要发生在名词、动词、形容词、副词四种词中。这种题型还有可能检测学生对词根、前后缀、派生词的掌握。例6：Lious lost his wallet yesterday，SO he was very_(happiness)在这道题中，学生很容易判断出该用形容词,把happiness变成happy；钱包丢了，人应该是不开心的，所以要再加个前缀un-，就成了unhappy。二、未给单词提示题

20、型的技巧此类题难度较大，但也是有方法对付的。技巧七：固定短语结构。根据句中横线前后及整句来判断横线前后是否构成一个固定短语，但有时要对横线前或后的几个单词“视而不见”才能命中答案。例7：The children were playing on the ground，enjoying_，dirty but happy从句中的happy可以 猜出孩子们是开心的，所以应用enjoy oneself短语，故其答案为themselves。例8：His boss was_ angry as to fire him如果“跳过”横线后面的angry，就可以发现这里用到一个关联短语soas to，所以，so是正

21、解。技巧八：从句引导词。从句是此题型最为常见的一个方向，主要检测学生对引导词的掌握程度。例9：He did not do _ his father had asked him to do审题可知，横线所在为宾语从句的引导词，此引导词在从旬中充当宾语，且指物，所以是what。例10：Those _ want to go to the village must sign here经过观察可以判断横线所在为定语从句的引导词，进一步观察可知先行词为those，且指人，所以只能填入who。技巧九：短语动词结构。短语动词是以动词为中心的两个或多个词构成的短语，此类短语中往往是动词与介词或副词连用的多些。例

22、11：The U.S. consists _ fifty states根据常识可知，美国由50个州组成，故横线处与前一词组合，表示“由组成”，所以答案是of。例12：Mrs. Baker was ill，so her daughter had to ask for leave to take _ of her生病需要人照顾，所以答案是care，与前后词构成take care of。技巧十：短语介词结构。短语介词即多个词的组合, 起介词作用的短语，如：except for，due to等。例13：Mr. Smith took a plane to London _ of taking a tra

23、in此题中说到两种交通工具，所以可以理解此句有“坐而不是坐”的意思，故答案为instead，以构成介词短语instead of。例14：Just then，he saw a blackboard in _ of him细心观察，可以看出填人front即可构成in front of，此题得解。技巧十一：连词、关联短语结构。常用的连词有and，or，but，so，for，while等，常用的关联短语有bothand，eitheror，neithernor，not onlybut also等。例15：Little Wang Jun could not go to school，_his family

24、 was too poor此处表示原因，引导的分句其实是一种解释说明，不是必然的因果关系，且前面有逗号隔开，所以填for。例16：_Marrie and Jannie like going to the theatre横线处的词与后面可以构成bothand，故答案为Both。技巧十二：冠词、介词和常用的副词。冠词只能是在a，an，the之间判断；常用的介词有in，at，on，before，during等，通常考查固定搭配；副词的量还是比较多，如：however，never，yet，much等，但一般不会考查1y形式的方式副词(见技巧六形容词派生副词的情况)。例17：Jackie likes t

25、o drive at_ high speed这里考查的是不定冠词的习惯用法，答案为a，构成at a high speed，“以高速”开车。例18：Old Toms granddaughter used to visit him _ Saturday afternoonSaturday afternoon是指定的某天下午，所以不用介词in，而用on才是正解。例19：Though Liu Qiang did the same work _ Zhang Wen did，he got a lower pay _ Zhang Wen第一条横线可由前面的the same断出用as，第二条横线则可由lowe

26、r断出比较意义，故答案为than。例20：It was only one day left,_，his father had no idea to answer him观察上下旬，可以看出是转折关系，且横线与前后用逗号隔开，排除but，所以答案是however。技巧十三：上下文中出现的相关词。这一招是最为灵活的，但也是最难的。学生可以根据上下文关系和自己积累的知识，填入某个已出现的词，或其反义词，或其同类的某个词。答案的线索可能在本句，可能出现在上下相连的一句，还可能出现在比较远的地方上下段中与此段位置大体相当的句子。如果该横线出现在某段的首句，则线索可能在上下段的首句；如果横线出现在某段的末

27、句，则线索可能在上下段的末句，以此类推。例21：Tony _ travelling abroad，but dislikes staying home watching TV由第二句话中的dislikes可以判断，此横线处应该是填其反义词likes。语法填空作为一种新颖的题型，能全面地考查学生的英语综合应用能力。上述十三条技巧概括了此题型的多数考查方向，在高考备考复习中能起到很好的加强作用，真正做到事半功倍，较大地提高学生在此题型上的得分率。实战演练（1）Just up the road from my home is a field, with two horses in it. From a

28、 distance, each horse looks like any other horse. But if you get a _16_( close) look you will notice one of them is blind. Instead of abandoning him, his owner has made him a safe and comfortable barn to live in. And if you stand nearby and listen, you will hear the sound of a bell_17_( come) from _

29、18_ smaller horse. Attached to _19_ (it) halter is a small, copper-colored bell assisting the blind friend to follow him._20_you watch them, youll find the horse with the bell always checking on the blind one, and that the blind horse will listen for the bell and then slowly walk to _21_ the other o

30、ne is, trusting he will not _22_( lead ) astray. When the horse with the bell returns to the barn each evening, he will stop _23_( frequent ) to look back, making sure that the _24_ isnt too far behind to hear the bell. Life does not throw us away just because we are not perfect or because we have p

31、roblems or challenges. Sometimes we are the blind horse being guided by the little ringing bell of our acquaintances; _25_other times we are the guide horse, who helps others to find their way. （2）Several times each year the Queen gives afternoon tea parties. But she simply sits beside a big silver

32、plate, pouring cups of tea for everyone and 16 (skill) avoiding the cakes and sandwiches. At cocktail parities the Queen moves from group to group, chatting informally, and manages to make one glass of drink last 17 entire evening.Tours abroad are difficult because hosts seem to have a 18 (believe)

33、that the warmth of their welcome must be shown with wonderful state banquets (宴会). But the Queen has perfected the art of appearing to enjoy her meal without actually eating much.During one visit 19 the Pacific islands of Tonga, a specially prepared dinner was arranged in her honor. The Queen looked

34、 uneasily at her plate 20 she discovered a whole roast pig was her serving.Then a turkey, some meat, an apple and bananas 21 (carry) in for each guest. But she depended 22 her old favorite trick of talking with her host, King Tupou IV, and carrying on a warm conversation.Sometimes the Queen will see

35、m so carried away by foreign leaders political chat 23 she simply never has time to finish a meal before it is time to get up and make her speech. She will lift her fork to swallow a mouthful, and then put 24 down again to make another point, leaving almost all of her meal 25 (touch).(3) Several men

36、 hit the Sao Paulo Museum of Art just before dawn on December 20th , 2007，and _1_ shocked the authorities as it took the thieves just three minutes to steal paintings _2_ two world famous artists, Pablo Picasso _3_ Candido Poninari，_4_ are worth millions of dollars. Images from the secret camera sho

37、w that two men began their action at 509 a. m. ，_5_ the guards in the museum were going through their shift change(换岗). They broke through two glass doors，_6_(run) to the museums top floor and grabbed the two paintings from different rooms，somehow _7_(avoid) nearby guards. The alarm never rang，and b

38、y 512 a. m. ，they were making their escape. After _8_，the police were interviewing the 30 museum employees. “Everything indicates thieves were sent to do it by some wealthy art lover for _9_ own collection. He was not rich enough to buy the paintings，_10_ he was wealthy，” said the lead police office

39、r，Marcos Gomes de Moura.（4)It was a very cold evening, an old man was waiting for a ride across the river. He saw several horsemen pass by but he didnt ask for any help. The wait seemed _1_(end)Then came another rider，the old man _2_(catch) his eye and said, “Sir, would you mind doing me a favor？”St

40、opping his horse，he replied, “Of course.” Almost _3_(freeze), the old man could not get _4_ the ground. The horseman helped him onto his horse. He took the old man not just across the river，_5_ to his home.“Sir, you didnt even ask the other riders for help, why? What _6_ I had said no and left you t

41、here？” the horseman asked.The old man looked at him straight in the eyes and said, “I looked into their eyes, I found they didnt care，_7_ told me it would be useless, but when I looked into _8_， I saw kindness.”These words touched the rider deeply. “Thank you for _9_ youve said, I hope I will never

42、be too busy to help others.” with that, Thomas Jefferson, the _10_(three) president of the US, turned his horse around and went away. (5)The woman often called the First Lady of New York died on August. Brooke Astor was one hundred five years old. The extremely wealthy and famous New Yorker spent mu

43、ch of her life _1_(help)the needy in her beloved city.She was born in Portsmouth, New Hampshire. She was the only child of a high level military officer. After two earlier _2_(marry) ，she married Vincent Astor in 1953 again. He came from a family _3_ had been rich for least on hundred years. Among o

44、ther things, he owed many buildings in New York City. Brooke Astor became one of the _4_(rich)women in the world when Vincent Astor died. She also became head of a huge charity organization_ _5_(found) by her husband. He repeatedly had told her she would have fun giving _6_ his money. And apparently

45、 she did. Missus Astor gave tens of millions of dollars _7_(main)to places and people in New York City. She said it was the sensible choice because that was _8_ the money had been made. She gave financial support to the citys cultural centers，its poor and disabled as _9_ as to many other smaller cha

46、rities. When she died, the mayor of New York said the city would not be what it is today _10_ her support. (6)A new campaign to ban smoking in taxis is part of a wider push to clean up the citys image before the 2010 World Expo(2010年世界博览会). The Shanghai Dazhong Taxi, a taxi company, said drivers _1_

47、(find) smoking in their cabs could “possibly” be fined or even temporarily banned _2_ working. Signs _3_(place) in all of the taxi companys 9,100 strong fleet (车队) saying “No Smoking in Taxis. Welcome to Shanghai World Expo”“We hope the sanitation(卫生环境) of cabs in the city will be improved through o

48、ur no-smoking campaign，_4_ is a mutual benefit for _5_ drivers and passengers. ”Dazhong said it would _6_(close) monitor the campaigns progress.Drivers caught smoking will undergo the companys training and inspection program. “Cabs found to have cigarette smell will be called back”， Zhao said.Many t

49、axi drivers smoke _7_(relax) from working long hours. The official admitted _8_ would not be an easy task to achieve a total smoke ban in a short time.“Promoting non-smoking taxis in the whole city is _9_ long journey，” Zhao said. “_10_ having a long way to go, we are confident of fulfilling our smo

50、ke-free taxi program in the city through our diligence.” (7) At one point along an open highway，I came to a crossroads with a traffic light. I was alone on the road by now, but _1_ I drove up to the light，it turned red，and I braked to a halt. I looked left, right，and behind me. Nothing，_2_a car，no s

51、uggestion of headlights, but there I sat，_3_(wait) the light to change，the only human being for at least a mile in any direction.I started wondering _4_I refused to run the light. I was not afraid of _5_(catch) by the police, because there was obviously no cop anywhere around and _6_ certainly would

52、 have been no danger in going _7_ it.Much later that night，the _8_ question of why Id stopped for that light came back to me. I think I stopped because its part of a contract(合同) we all have with each other. Its not only the law, but its an agreement we have，and we trust each other to honor _9_：We d

53、ont go through red lights. Like most of us, Im more ready to be stopped from doing something bad by the social agreement that disapproves of it _10_ by any law against it. (8)When you treat people and things in a kind，_1_(consider) ，and polite way，you are being respectful. Respect _2_ very important

54、 _3_ home, at school, and everywhere you go. _4_ you show respect, you show that you care _5_ other peoples feelings or that you care for belongings, buildings, streets and nature.To show how much respect you have for people and things，try _6_(write) a fun respect poem. The easiest way to do this is

55、 to make a simple list of _7_ it means to be respectful at school.First start by making _8_ quick list of how you can show respect at school. List poems seem to work best when they are written with a parallel structure; that is，when _9_ line begins the same way and follows the same pattern.Next, take the best lines and put them together in a poem. Remember to keep the parallel structure _10_ following the same sentence pattern.1 16. closer 17. coming 18. the 19. its 20. When/if21. where 22. be led 23. frequentl