简单句翻译练习

1、英语语法简单句专项练习题2011届中考英语语法简单句专项练习题及答案句子成分都由单词或短语担任，且只有一个主谓结构的句子叫做简单句。初中阶段我们需要重点掌握简单句的六种基本句型及其主要用法。一、S+V（主语+不及物动词）这种句型简称为主谓结构。不及物动词是指那些本身意义已完整，后面不需要接宾语的动词,等。如:我叫你时，你为什么不马上来?女come,go,swim,appear,run,arrive,fallDidyougobysea?你们走的是海路吗？No,weflew,不，我们是坐飞机去的。有时，不及物动词后面会跟副词、介词短语等作状语。如:Whydon'tyoucomeatonce

2、whenIcallyou?【练习导航】I.根据汉语完成下列英语句子，每空一词。1 .他在听。He.2 .昨晚你睡得好吗？Didyoulastnight?3,这场雨持续了两个小时Theraintwohours.4 .事物总是变化的。Thingsalways.5 .他来中国的梦想实现了。HisdreamtoChina.二、S+V+P（主语+系动词+表语）系动词通常与表语一起构成系表结构，用来说明主语的性质、特点或状态等。表语通常由名词、形容词、代词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、动名词或从句等充当。常见的系动词有be,look,sound,smell,taste,feel,get,grow,turn

3、,become,stay,seem等。如：Allherfriendsarenowoutsidethedoor,她的所有朋友现在都在门外。Themilkturnedsour.牛奶变酸了。【练习导航】翻译下面的汉语句子。1 .他感到有点累。2 .这听起来是个好主意。3 .他的梦想是成为一名医生。4 .我最喜欢的运动是游泳。5?问题是你想干什么。6 .他总是乐于助人。7 .这盘菜闻起来不错。8,那个女孩是我的妹妹。三、S+V+O（主语+及物动词+宾语）动词不定及物动词后面必须接宾语才能表达一个完整的意思。宾语是动作的承受者，一般由名词、代词、式、动名词等充当。如：He'shavinglunc

4、h,他正在吃午餐。Ipreferstanding.我宁愿站着。Hepromisedtolendmesomebooks.他答应借给我几本书。【练习导航】I.找出下列句子的宾语。1. Hehandedinhishomeworkthismorning.2. Helpyourselftosomesoup,Jim.3. Heforgotwhichwaytogo.4. Wouldyoumindwaitingforafewminutes?5. I'IIdowhatIcan.n.根据汉语完成下列英语句子，每空一词。6. 你认识这些人吗？Doyou?7. 今天早上他完成了报告。Hethismorning

5、.8. 现在我来自我介绍一下。NowI'II.9,他已经决定搬到北京去了。HehasdecidedBeijing.10.我不记得事故是什么时候发生的。Idon'tremembertheaccident.四、S + V+10 + DO（主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语）有些及物动词，女口hand,give,throw,Iend,sing,read,write,buy,leave,make,pass,tell,get等可以带双宾语，一个宾语指人，称为间接宾语；另一个指物，称为直接宾语。及物动词带双宾语通常有以下两种结构：1 .及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语2 .及物动词+直接宾语+

6、t。/for+间接宾语【练习导航】I.找出下列句子中的直接宾语。1. Shegavemehertelephonenumber.2. Bringmesomewater,please.3. I'IImakeyousomefreshtea.4. Hesangusafolksong.5. Sheshowedmeherpaintings.n.将下列句子改为同义句。6. Tomgavemeanicepen.Tomanicepenme.7. Mymotherboughtmylittlesisterapinkskirt.Mymotherapinkskirtmylittlesister.8. Sheco

7、okedusadeliciousmeal.Sheadeliciousmealus.【温馨提示】?某些动词引导的间接宾语可改为to引导的短语，这类动词有give,hand,show,send,bring,pass,Iend,teach,tell,write,throw,sell,email等。如：Canyoulendusyourcar?你能把车借给我们吗？tCanyoulendyourcartous?某些动词引导的间接宾语可改为for引导的短语，这类动词有buy,play,get,make,order,choose,sing,pay等。如：Myuncleboughtmeawatch.我叔叔给我买

8、了一块表。tMyuncleboughtawatchforme.五、S+V+0+OC（主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语）有些及物动词加上宾语后，它的意思表达还是不完整，这就需要再加上一个补足语来使句子的意思完整。宾语补足语通常由形容词、副词、名词、介词短语、动词不定式、V-ing形式等充当。如：Pleasedon'tcallmeLucy请不要叫我露西。Ifoundtheboxempty,我发现箱子是空的。老师要我们做一些练习题。Theteachertoldustodosomeexercises.【练习导航】1. 找出下列句子中的宾语补足语。2. Theycalltheirdaughter

9、Mary.3. Don'tleavemebehind.4. Iwishyoutobehappy.5. IsawherchattingwithNancy.6. Goodfoodkeepsyouhealthy.n.翻译下面的汉语句子。7. 他们请我和他们一道去。8. 我刚才看见她在跟简谈话。9. 你注意到他进来了吗？六、therebe句型therebe句型主要用来表示某地有某物或某人”如果be动词后面有两个或两个以上的主语,be动词的选用需要遵循就近原则”。女口:桌子上有一本字典，三本书和一Thereisadictionary,threebooksandapenonthedesk.支钢笔。

10、【练习导航】n.根据汉语完成下列英语句子，每空一词。1 .一个男孩正在院子里和一只小狗玩。aboywithadogintheyard.2 .以前在街道拐角处有一家商店。ashoponthecornerofthestreet.8 .可能会有一个更好的办法来做这件事oabetterwaytodothis.9,没有空气就没有声音soundwithoutair.10.没有时间再等你了notimeyou.Key:I.1.islistening2.sleepwell3.lastedfor4.change5.hascometrueII.6-10ABBCD二、1.Hefeelsalittletired.2.I

11、tsoundsagoodidea.3. IsHelenin?4.Mycomputerisinthestudy.5. Hisdreamistobecomeadoctor.6.Myfavoritesportisswimming.7. Thequestioniswhatyouwanttodo.8. Heisalwaysreadytohelpothers.9. Thedishsmellsgood.10.Thegirlismysister.三、I.1.hishomework2.yourself3.whichwaytogo4. waiting5.whatIcanI.6.knowthesepeople7.f

12、roducemyself9.tomoveto10.when;happened四、I.1.hertelephonenumber2.somewater3.somefreshtea4.afolksong5.herpaintings9. showed;to10. made;forn.6.gave;7.bought;for8.cooked;forto五、I.1.Mary2.behind3.tobehappy4.chattingwithNancy5.healthyI.6.Theyaskedmetogowiththem.1.1 sawhertalkingwithJa

13、nejustnow.8. Doyouthinkthemoviewonderful?9. Whatdoyouadvisemetodo?10. Didyounoticehimcomein?六、I.1-5ADCBCI.6.Thereis;playing7.Thereusedtobe8.Theremightbe9.Thereisno10.Thereis;towaitfor高中英语语法定语从句总复习郴州资兴三中李俊才非限制性定语从句中，不能用关系代词that,作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。定义：用来说明主句中某一名词或代词(有时也可说明整个主句或主句中一部分)而起定语作用的句子叫作定语从句。一、关系带词

14、引导的定语从句1 .关系代词用来指代先行词是人或物的名词或代词句子成分用于限制从句或限制性从句只用于限制性从句代替人代替物代替人或物主语Whowhich主语Whomwhichthat宾语Whose(=ofwhom)Whose(=ofwhich)that例:ThisisthedetectivewhocamefromLondon.例2:ThebookwhichIamreadingiswrittenbyTomasHardy.2 ?关系代词的用法(1) 女口果先行词是all,much,anything,something,nothing,everything,little,none等不定代词，关系代词

15、一般只用that,不用which。例如：Allthepeoplethatareburstintotears.(所有人都迸出眼泪。)(2) 如果先行词被形容词最高级以及first,last,any,only,few,most,no,some,very等词修饰，关系代词常用that,不用which,who,或whomThereareaboutsevenmillionpeopletakingpartintheelection,mostofwhom、arewelleducated.(4) which还有一种特殊用法，它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念。在这种从句中，w

16、hich可以作主语，也可以作宾语或表语，多数情况下意思是与andthis相似，弁可以指人。例如：Hesucceededinthecompetition,whichmadehisparentsveryhappy.(5) that可指人或物，在从句中作表语，(指人作主语时多用who)仅用于限制性定语从句中。(6) which可作表语，既可指人，以可指物。指人时，一般指从事某种职业或是有某种特征品性或才能的人。Which引导的定语从句可以是限制性的，也可以是非限制性的。(7)如果作先作词的集体名词着眼于集体的整体，关系代词用which;若是指集体中的各个成员，则用whco(8)先行词有两个，一个指人

17、，一个指物，关系代词应该用thato(9)女口果先行词是anyone,anybody,everyone,everybody,someone,somebody,关系代词应该用who或whom不用which。例如：Isthereanyoneherewhowillgowithyou?(在这的所有人中谁和你一起去？)3?“介词+关系代词”是一个普遍使用的结构(1) “介词+关系代词“可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。“介词+关系代词“结构中的介词可以是in,on,about,from,for,with,toat,of,without等，关系代词只可用whom或which,不可用tha

18、t。(2) fromwhere为“介词+关系副词”结构，但也可以引导定语从句。例如：Westoodatthetopofthehill,fromwherewecanseethetown.(3) 像listento,lookat,dependon,payattentionto,takecareof等固定短语动词，在定语从句中一般不宜将介词与动词分开。例如：Thisistheboywhomshehastakencareof.(这是她曾今照顾的孩子。)二、关系副词引导的定语从句1关系副词也可以引导定语从句关系副词在从句中分别表示时间.地点或原因。关系副词when在从句中充当时间状语，where充当地点

19、状语，why充当原因状语。2.that可引导定语从句表示时间？地点或原因That有时可以代替关系副词when,where或者why引导定语从句表示时间.地点或原因，在that引导的这种定语从句中，that也可以省去。3、 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句1,二者差异比较限制定语从句紧跟先行词，引导词同先行词之间一般不加逗号，仅修饰先行词，可以由关系代词.关系副词或that来引导。非限制性定语从句仅作补充或说明，用逗号与主句隔开，既可修饰先行词，又可修饰整个主句，不可用that引导。2 .关系代词和关系副词的选择依据(1)弄清代替先行词的关系词在从句中作什么成分，作状语的应选用关系副词，作主语.

20、宾语或表语的可选用关系代词。3 .先行词与定语从句隔离定语从句一般紧跟在先行词之后，但定语从句与先行词之间有时也会插入别的成分，构成先行词与定语从句的隔离。例如：ThisisthearticlewrittenbyhimthatIspoketoyouabout.4、 As在定语从句中的用法1,引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句(1) as多与such或thesame连用，可以代替先行词是人或物的名词。(2) as也可单独使用，引导非限制性定语从句，作用相当于whicho例如：Theelephant'snoseislikeasnake,asanybodycansee.(3) thesam

21、e-that与thesameas在意思上是不同的。2. As引导的非限制性定语从句的位置as引导的非限制性定语从句位置较灵活，可以位于主句前面.中间或后面，一般用逗号与主句隔开，但which所引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。例如：Asisexpected,theEnglandteamwonthefootballmatch.五、英语定语从句专项练习单项填空1. Ithinkyou'regottothepointachangeisneeded,otherwiseyouII fail.thechiIdrenspendintheirone-wayrelationshipwithtele

22、visionpeople,A.whenB.thatC.whereD.which2Thehoursundoubtedlyaffecttheirrelationshipswithreal-lifepeople.3. ManypeoplewhohadseenthefilmwereafraidtogototheforestwhentheyrememberedtheA.whenB.thatC.inwhichD.onwhichscenespeoplewereeatenbythetiger.A.thatB.bywhichC.whichD.inwhich4. Thereweredirtymarksonhert

23、rousers_shehadwipedherhands.A.whereB.whichC.whenD.that5.isoftenthecase,wehaveworkedouttheproductionplan.A.WhichB.WhenC.WhatD.As6.isreportedinthenewspaper,talksbetweenthetwocountriesaremakingprogress.A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.What7. Therearemanypeopleonlyon-lineactivityissendingandreceivinge-mails.A.whoB.thatC

24、.whichD.whose8. EBay,AmazonandWai拟Martarepopularwebsitespeoplecansellgoodstoeachother.A.whereB.whichC.whenD.whose;il9. Onhis10thbirthday.Martymanagestoescapefromthezooandgetsontothesubway,hebelievesthathecangotothewild.A.whichB.fromwhat门一C.throughwhich19.Nowadaysteenagersliketogotofastfoodrestaurant

25、s,asthenamesuggests,eatingdoesnD.whatLater I want to return home but couldnC.whe n; whatA.whe nB.thatC.howD.where10. Ihopethelittle_Ihavebeenabletodohasbeenofsomeuse.沛A.that;thatB./;bywhich汗C.what;whatD./;withwhich汗11. Thefarmersusewoodtobuildahousetostoregrainsalltheyeararound.A.withwhichB.towhich;

26、1C.whichD.inwhich12. ThiswasafilmSpielbergusedrealactorsinsteadoftoys.A.whichB.whenC.inwhichD.there13. Thethoughtofgoinghometohisfamilywasallkepthimhappywhilehewasworkingabroad.;ilA.thatB.whatC.thoseD.which14. Acontainerweighsmoreafterairisputinprovesthatairhasweight.A.asB.itC.thatD.which15. 一Canyou

27、tellmewherePeterlives?:Vi-Overthere.Thetwostoreyhouse,_thereisagarden.洋A.nearitB.fromwhichC.infrontofitD.infrontofwhich:'li16. MissGreentookupthestoryatthepointthethiefhadjustmadeoffwiththejewels.iA.whereB.whichC.asD.when；干17. 一Whydoesshealwaysaskyouforhelp?Thereisnooneelse,isthere?A.whototurnto

28、B.shecanturntoC.forwhomtoturnD.forhertoturn18. Theyearbeforelast,partofSoutheastAsiawasstruckbyfloods,fromeffectsthepeoplearestillsuffering.takemuchtime.A.whoB.whereC.which20. tfindacompanyuseIcouhadlearnt.A.where;thatB.where;whatD.that;that21. Governmentreports,legalpapersandmostbusinesslettersaret

29、hemainsituationsEnglishisused.22. Wehopethemeasurestocontrolhouseprices,aretakenbythegovernment,willsucceed.A.asB.whenC.sineeD.after23. Theboytheteachersconsideredfailedinthefinalexam,surprisedthemverymuch.A.tobethebest；whichB.asthebeststudent；thatC.tohavebeenstudyingwell；itD.suchasagoodstudent;whic

30、h24. Thepresident,togetherwithhisbodyguards,_tothenuclearstationtherewasanaccident20minutesago.A.havecome；whichB.came；inwhichC.hascome;whereD.come;inwhich25. IsthereagasstationaroundIcangetsomepetrol?A.whichB.whatC.whereD.that26. TherewastimeIhatedtogotoschool.A.thatB.whoseC.thoseD.whatA.a；thatB.a；w

31、henC.the；thatD.the；when27. Itwasintheveryhousewasbuiltwithstoneshespenthischildhood.A.that；that,上B.that；whereC.which；thatD.which；where28. ThesewildflowersaresospecialIwoulddo_Ithem.A.what;cansaveB.allwhat;cantosaveC.what；cantosaveD.everything；cansave29. Ishallneverforgetthoseyears_Ilivedinthecountry

32、withfarmers,_hasagreateffectonmylife.A.that；whichB.when；whichC.which；thatD.when；who30. Justlikeavoyageatsea,ourlifejourney,daysarelimited,isfullofdifficulties.猱A.thatB.whichC.itD.whose!'(高中总复习英语定语从句专项练习卷参考答案1.答案：C解析：where在此处引导定语从句。2 .答案：B解析：本题考查定语从句。that引导的定语从句又在从句中作spend的宾语。3 .答案：D解析：由四个选项知该空格应

33、填入定语从句的引导词，此句意义为：peoplewereeatenbythetigerinthescene,所以先行词scene应该与介词in搭酉已。4 .答案：A解析：关系副词where引导定语从句，修饰trousers,并在定语从句中作地点状语。全句意思为：在她擦手的裤子上留下了污迹。5 .答案：D解析：从句意看，本题考查定语从句的用法，故首先排除C项。由于when在定语从句中只能作时间状语，而题干中的定语从句缺主语，因而排除B项；as与which引导非限制性定语从句时，which引导的定语从句只能放在主句之后，而as引导的定语从句可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，其中as表示”正如.那样&

34、quot;。asisoftenthecase为固定词组，意为"这是常用的事；正如常见的情形”。全句意思为“正如平常一样，我们已经制订出了工作计划”。最佳答案Do6 .答案：B解析：由题干的结构及内容看，逗号之前，应为非限制性定语从句，故选B项。全句意思为：“正如报纸上报道的那样，两国之间的谈判取得了进展。”若选A项，此句应为：Itisreportedinthenewspaperthattalksbetweenthetwo.若选D项，止匕句应为：Whatisreportedinthenewspaperisthattalksbetweenthetwo.7 .答案：D解析：whose谁的，

35、“有许多人，他们的上网活动只是发送和接收电子邮件。”&答案：AJ解析：考查定语从句。where引导的定语从句，在从句中作状语。9. 答案：Cg解析：考查定语从句。through为介词提前，构成gotothewildthrough.。10. 答案：解析：句子成分分析。第一个that引导宾语从句，第二个that引导定语从句，修饰thelittle。11. 答案：D芒解析：考查定语从句和省略。句中省略了theywant;inwhich引导定语从句在从句中作地点状语。12. 答案：C解析：“在这部电影中”斯皮尔伯格用了真实的演员而不是玩具，故用inwhich引导定语从句。13. 答案：Aji&

36、#39;解析：考查定语从句。all为先行词，关系代词用thato14 .答案：DJ解析：考查非限制性定语从句；which引导非限制性定语从句指代前面整句话的意义。15 答案：Dji解析:考查非限制性定语从句。infrontofwhich"J#在J:外的前面”。16 .答案：AJ解析：考查定语从句。where引导定语从句修饰先行词atthepoint。17.答案：B解析：考查定语从句及省略。完整求助于某人。There is no one else (that/who)she形式为：canturnto;turntosb.18 .答案：B解析：题意是“前年,东南亚部分地区遭遇了洪水灾害，至

37、今人们还在受此影响”。由题中的逗号可以判定出句子的后半部分是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是floodso从句子的结构可看出，定语从句中只缺少定语，也就是说，先行词在从句中充当定语，所以引导词要用whoseo19 .答案：B解析：本题考查定语从句；where引导定语从句，又在从句中作地点状语。20 .答案：B解析：where引导定语从句,what引导宾语从句。“在公司里我可以用到我所学的知识”。21 .答案：D解析：where引导定语从句，在从句中作状语，相当于inwhich。22 .答案：A解析：as引导非限制性定语从句，表示“正如”，并在定语从句中作主语。23 .答案：A解析：后半句为非限制

38、性定语从句，which指代前分句的内容considersbtobe。答案：C解析：含有产生任何影响。where引导定语从句补充说明作用，对谓语动词不25.析：本题考查定语从句。关系副词在定语从句中作地点状语。本句中定语修饰 a gas station。26.和定语从句的用法。time作“次数”解时，后接关系代词 thatfirst/second.time that+(时期)”解时，其前用不定冠词，其后接关系副词when引导的定语从句, 故选Bo全句意思为：有这么一段时间，我不想去上学。27.24.是状语从句缺少主语，用that或which引导；由于house前有28.whatonecantod

39、o结构中whatonecan是宾语从句,everything/all(that)onecantodo语从句，该从句中只能使用关系代词that,everything/all后省略了动词do,动词不定式作目的状语。故选Co29.第一个定语从句缺时间状语，因此第一空应该使用关系副词定语从句缺主语，关系代词指代前面整句话，因此用30.引导非限制性定语从句，从句中作定语修饰daysotogetherwith的介词短语只对主语起where在从句中作状语。答案：C解around作答案：B解析：本题考查冠词引导的定语从句，即：This/ltisthe从句；time作“一段时光构成：Therewas/isati

40、mewhen.答案：A解析：第二空是强调句型，强调的intheveryhouse。house后是定语从句，thevery修饰，故只能用that引导。答案：C解析：在sb.dowhat后不可再使用关系代词；在sb.do中,thatonecan是定that等于what;在以上结构中can答案：B解析：when;第二个which引导非限制性定语从句。答案：D解析：考查定语从句。whosewhose指代ourlifejourney,在定语从句:youarenotsure.1. Don'talkaboutsuchthingsofA. whichB. whatC. asD. those2. Ist

41、histhefactoryyouvisitedtheotherday?A. thatB. whereC. inwhichD. theone3. IsthisfactorysomeforeignfriendsvisitedlastFriday?A.thatB.whereC.whichD.theone4. Isthisthefactoryheworkedtenyearsago?A. thatB. whereC. whichD. theone5. Thewolveshidthemselvesintheplacescouldn'befound.A. thatB. whereC. inwhich

42、D. inthat6. Thefreezingpointisthetemperaturewaterchangesintoice.A. atwhichB. onthatC. inwhichD. ofwhat7. Thisbookw川showyoucanbeusedinothercontexts.A. howyouhaveobservedB. whatyouhaveobservedC. thatyouhaveobservedD. howthatyouhaveobserved8. Thereasonisheisunabletooperatethemachine.A.becauseB.whyC.tha

43、t11.Ihaveboughtthesamedresssheiswearing.D. whether9. I ' te l l vouhe told me last week.A. all whichB. thatC. all thatD. which10. That tree,bran ches are almost bare, is very old.A. whoseB. of whichC. i n whichD. on whichA. asB. thatC. whichD. what12. Hefailedintheexamination.madehisfatherveryan

44、gry.A. whichB. itC. thatD. what13. We'realkingaboutthepianoandthepianistwereintheconcertweattendedlastnight.A.whichB.whomC.whoD.that14. ThegirlanEnglishsonginthenextroomisTom'ssister.A. whoissingingB. issingingC.sangD.wassinging15. Thosenotonlyfrombooksbutalsothroughpracticewillsucceed.A.lea

45、rnB.whoC.thatlearnsD.wholearn16. Anyonethisopinionmayspeakout.A. thatagainstsB. thatagainstC. whoisagainstD. whoareagainst17.Didn'youseetheman?A. InoddedjustnowB. whomInoddedjustnowC. InoddedtohimjustnowD. Inoddedtojustnow18.Canyoulendmethenoveltheotherday?A.thatyoutalkedB.youtalkedaboutitC.whic

46、hyoutalkedwithD.youtalkedabout19.Isthereanythingtoyou?A.thatisbelongedB. thatbelongsC. thatbelongD.whichbelongsA. thatB. whichC. theoneD. theonewhat21. Mr.Zhanggavethetextbooktoallthepupilsexcepttakenthem.A. theonesB. onesC. someD. theothers22. Thetrainshewastravellingwaslate.whohadalready20.theHovd

47、oyoulikebook?ItquitedifferentfromIreadlastmonth.A.whichB. whereC. onwhichD. inthat23. Hehaslostthekeytothedrawerthepapersarekept.A. whereB. inwhichC. underwhichD. which24. Antarcticweknowverylittleiscoveredwiththickicealltheyearround.A. whichB. whereD.aboutwhich25. It'thethirdtimelatethismonth.A

48、. thatyouarrivedB. whenyouarrivedC. thatyou'verrivedD. whenyou'varrived26. Itwasin1969theAmericanastronautsucceededinlandingonthemoon.A. thatB. whichC. whenC. thatD.inwhich27.MaythefourthisthedayweChinesepeoplewillneverforget.A.westayedatB. where we stayed atC. we stayedD. in that we stayed3

49、0. Is it in that factory“ RedFlag cars are produced?A. i n whichB. whereC. whichD. that31. It is the Suez Canalseparates AsiaAfrica.A. which, toA. whichB. whenC. onwhichD. aboutwhich28.WearegoingtospendtheSpringFestivalinGuangzhou.livemygrandparentsandsomerelatives.A. whichB. thatC. whoD. where29.Thehotelduringourholidaysstandsbytheseaside.B.where,fromC.that,fromD.so,ashelooksD.that,with32. Underthebridge,however,almostdirectlybelow,withaboyi