2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习阅读理解专练

1、2019-2020 年高考英语二轮复习阅读理解专练（2）科普知识（阅读理解）由（xx 安徽“江南十校”高三仿真卷一）改编Airtightplasticbagscanhelpfarmersprotecttheirharvestswithouttheuseofharmfulchemicals.Thesebagsaredesignedtokeepairoutofcropsinstorage.Theyareasimplewaytofightinsectsandkeepfoodfresh.TencountriesinWestandCentralAfricaareinvolvedinaprojecttoi

2、mprovethestorageofcowpeas,alsoknownasblack-eyedpeas.Farmerscanlosemuchoftheharvesttoinsectscalledbruchids.Thesegrowfromeggtoadultinafewweeksandthenlayfortytosixtymoreeggs.Theycandestroythewholeharvestwithinmonths.Farmerscanselltheircropimmediately.Butsellingatharvesttimemeansmorepetitionandlowerpric

3、es.Ortheycanusepesticides（杀虫齐 U）tokillthebugs.ButcropscientistDieudonneBaributsasays,“Theyendupmisusingoroverusingthepesticide.InNigeria,theyhavereportedalotofcasesofdeath.TheyusuallycallitinNigeriakillerbean.Mr.BaributsaisaresearcheratPurdueUniversityintheAmericanstateofIndiana.TheprojectiscalledPI

4、CS,forPurdueImprovedCowpeaStorage.Hesaysthestoragebagsarethickenoughthatanyinsectsalreadyinthecowpeaswilldiefromlackofoxygen.Thelackofairwillalsohelppreventthegrowthofbacteriathatcanruintheharvest.Thebagscostabouttwodollarseach.Mr.Baributsasaysthatisnotmuch,especiallyifitmeansfarmerscanwaitlongenoug

5、htogetabetterpricefortheircrop.Thebagsareproducedlocally.Donorscurrentlysupporttheproject,butthegroupsinvolvedareworkingtobuildalastingmarketforthebagsbecausedonorsupportfortheprojectwillnotlastforever.ApanybasedintheUnitedStatescalledGrainPromakesanotherkindofairtightbag.ThesearecalledSuperGrainbag

6、s.PhilVillers,thepanyspresident,sayssafelystoringaharvestnotonlyearnsmoremoneyforfarmers,italsoreducestheamountoffoodlosttoinsects,spoilageandmishandling.Whatdoesnotgetwastedandeatenmeansitisavailabletofeedahungryworld,saidPhilVillers.1.Whatsthebesttitleforthispassage?（A.SimpleBagsSavetheHarvestB.Pl

7、asticBags:theEnemyofInsectsC.GoodNewsforHungryWorldD.PesticidesThreatenFoodSafety2.Itcanbeinferredthatbruchids.A.stealthestoredcropforthefutureB.breedslowlyinthestoredharvestC.surviveinairtightplasticbagsD.multiplywhilethecropisinstorage3 .Howdoeskillerbeaneout?()A.Thepesticidecausesmanydeathsofbugs

8、.B.Peopleeatbeansthatareinfectedbybugs.C.Farmersusechemicalstokillbugsimproperly.D.Bugsruinbeanswithinashorttime.4 .WhichstatementofthefollowingisNOTtrue?()A.Insectsinthebagswillsoonuseuptheairandthendie.B.Theairtightplasticbagscurrentlysoldatthemarketdonotlastlong.C.Theprojectprovidesthefarmerswith

9、thebagsforfreeatpresent.D.Whatfarmerscanearnfromtheuseofthebagisfarmorethantheyhavetopay.语篇解读：虫害一直是农民的心头大患，这不仅危害农作物的生长，还浪费了许多粮食。最新的农业科技给人们带来了福音，那就是用密封袋来保护农作物以远离虫害。答案及剖析：1.A 主旨大意题。由第一段(主题段)及全文内容可知，一种密封塑料袋在不使用任何化学药品的前提下，能够保护农民的收成不受虫害影响。故 SimpleBagsSavetheHarvest 最能概括全文的中心。2 .D 推理判断题。由第二段的第二、三、四句内容可知,b

10、ruchids 是一种在粮食储藏过程中繁殖很快的昆虫，它们能够在几个星期内长成成虫，产下 40 到 60 个甚至更多的虫卵。D 项中 multiply 有“增力口;繁殖”之意。3 .C 细节理解题。由第三段的内容可知，农民们使用杀虫剂来杀虫，由于他们错用或过量使用，使粮食遭到污染，从而造成食用者死亡，故“杀手豆”来源于农民不正当地使用杀虫剂。4 .B 细节理解题。由倒数第二段的最后一句话.donorsupportfortheprojectwillnotlastforever可知，持续不长的是赞助商的支持，而不是塑料袋，故选 B 项。由倒数第二段.insectsalreadyinthecowpe

11、aswilldiefromlackofoxygen.可排除 A 项；由倒数第二段的 Donorscurrentlysupporttheproject.可知，目前密封塑料袋是免费由赞助商提供，故排除 C 项；由倒数第二段的 Thebagscostabouttwodollarseach.getabetterpricefortheircrop可排除 D 项。【疑难词汇解读】1.storagen.储存;仓库Thecollectionhasbeeninstoragefordecades.这些收藏品已保管了几十年。2.mishandlev.处理不当；错误地处理Mishandlingtheproblemha

12、scausedgreattrouble.对这个问题处理不当已经引起了很大的麻烦。【长难句子分析】由FEtUmg!口目RVEflFT口31吐口士&抬$tFF他说这种密封袋非常厚，任何已经进入牛豆中的虫子都会因缺少氧气而死亡。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项。【xx 高考英语哈尔滨市第三中学一模】Christmas,Easterandbirthdaypartiescanbedifficulttimesforgrandmothersandparentsastheyrusharoundtryingtoarrangetheperfectcelebratio

13、normakingeveryoneashappyaspossible!Whatsbetterthanabirthdaypartythatmakesyourgrandchildsmilethroughoutoracelebrationthatimpressesrelativesandclosefriends?ThatiswhyGrannyLookhassuppliedinthissection,oneofthemostprehensiveguidestomakingthesespecialoccasionsthathappenperhapsonceayeararealsuccess.Fromas

14、electionofAdventcalendarstopartyplanningorChristmas-stockingfillerswehaveallthepossibilitiescoveredsothatyourchildrenandgrandchildrenwillreallyhaveamemorabletimewithattractivegiftsandoriginalideas.Bringthatfestivespirittoallthosetraditionaldays,andensureyouarealwaysreadyforanypossibility.GrannyLooks

15、extensivelinksareboundtomakeeveryspecialoccasionanentirelydifferentexperiencefromtheyearbeforeandalloweveryonetofeelentertainedandcontent.CHRISTMAS-STOCKINGFILLERSLooknofurther!GrannyLookhelpsthefamilytoprepareintimeforFATHERCHRISTMAS.GiveSANTACLAUSomeideas.HecanfillallthechildrensChristmas-stocking

16、swithgoodies!UniqueChristmasgiftsforchildrenstockingfillers.AGrannyLookfavorite!ADVENTCALENDARSAllchildrenlovethebuild-uptoCHRISTMAS!WhatisbetterthanchoosingoneofGrannyLooksselectionofAdventCalendars!HereyouwillfindalistofwebsitestobuytraditionalorfunAdventcalendarsforchildrenatChristmastime.AGranny

17、Lookfavorite!BIRTHDAYSLOOKINGforaSPECIALBIRTHDAYGIFT?ExploreGrannyLooksselectionofPRESENTS,PARTYPLANNING,PARTYTOYSandPARTYGAMESforyourChildrenandGrandchildrensBIRTHDAYS.PlanandorganizetheKIDDIESPARTIESaheadoftime!DontforgetthePERSONALISEDINVITATIONS!CHRISTMASLOOKandBOOKnow!GrannyLooksselectionofCHRI

18、STMASGIFTSforchildren.SomeguidestoWhatsoninyourarea”forthekids,PANTOS,SHOWSTHEATRESatChristmastime!UNIQUEChristmasgiftsforChildren.SpendQUALITYTIMEwithyourChildrensChildrenthisFESTIVESEASON（圣诞节期间）!29. Ifyouwanttosendsomeinvitationstoyourdaughtersclassmates,wherewillyousearchfortheinformation?A.AtChr

19、istmas.B.AtBirthdays.C.AtAdventCalendars.D.AtChristmas-stockingfillers.30. Accordingtothepassage,wecaninfer.A. youcanonlygetspecialideasforChristmas,EasterandbirthdaypartiesB. inGrannyLookyoucanbuymanytraditionalorfunAdventcalendarsforchildrenatChristmastimeC. thereisnopersonalizedinvitationinGranny

20、LookforyoutoselectD. GrannyLookprovidesawiderangeoflinksforpeopletoprepareforspecialoccasions31. Fromthetext,weknowthat“GrannyLookis.A. awebsitethathelpsyoutoprepareforspecialoccasionsB. apanythatsellsallsortsofproductsontheInternetC. apersonwhoguidesyoutomakeyouryearlycelebrationarealsuccessD. amag

21、azinethathelpsthefamilytoprepareforspecialoccasions【参考答案】2931BDA阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项。【xx 高考英语哈尔滨市第三中学一模】IpreferLynneTrusssphraseology:Iamagrammar“sticker”.And,likeTruss-authorofEats,shoots&Leaves-Ihavea“zerotoleranceapproachtogrammarmistakesthatmakepeoplelookstupid.Now,TrussandId

22、isagreeonwhatitmeanstohave“zerotolerance”.Shethinksthatpeoplewhomixupbasicgrammar“deservetobestruckbylightning,hacked（砍）uponthespotandburiedinanunmarkedgrave”,whileIjustthinktheydeservetobepassedoverforajobeveniftheyareotherwisequalifiedfortheposition.Everyonewhoappliesforapositionateitherofmypanies

23、,iFixitorDozuki,takesapulsorygrammartest.Ifjobhopefulscantdistinguishbetweentoand“too,theirapplicationsgointothebin.Ofcourse,wewriteforaliving.iFixitistheworldslargestonlinerepairmanual（指南），andDozukihelpspanieswritetheirowntechnicaldocumentation,likepaperlessworkinstructionsandstep-by-stepusermanual

24、s.So,itmakessensethatwevemadeastrongstrikeagainstgrammarerrors.Butgrammarisrelevantforallpanies.Yes,languageisconstantlychanging,butthatdoesntmakegrammarunimportant.Goodgrammariscredibility,especiallyontheInternet.And,forbetterorworse,peoplejudgeyouifyoucanttellthedifferencebetween“theirthereandthey

25、re.Goodgrammarmakesgoodbusinesssenseandnotjustwhenitestohiringwriters.Writingisntintheofficialjobdescriptionofmostpeopleinouroffice.Still,wegiveourgrammartesttoeverybody,includingoursalespeople,ouroperationsstaff,andourprogrammers.GrammarsignifiesmorethanjustapersonsabilitytorememberhighschoolEnglis

26、h.Ivefoundthatpeoplewhomakefewermistakesonagrammartestalsomakefewermistakeswhentheyaredoingsomethingpletelyunrelatedtowriting-likestockingshelvesorlabelingparts.Itisthesamewithprogrammers.Applicantswhodontthinkwritingisimportantarelikelytothinklotsofotherthingsalsoarentimportant.32. Theauthoragreesw

27、ithLynneTrussinthat.A. grammarmistakescantbetoleratedB. booksongrammarmakepeoplestupidC. peopleneedtolearnbasicgrammarD. grammarmistakesareabsolutelyunavoidable33. Whatstheauthorszerotoleranceapproachtothesejobseekerswhomixupbasicgrammar?A.Theyshouldbeleftoutforajob.B.Theyhavetocorrecttheirmistakes.

28、C.Theyarentqualifiedfortheirjobs.D.Theymustbeseverelypunished.34. WhichofthefollowingisTRUEofiFixitandDozuki?A.Onlyoneofthemhasapulsorygrammartest.B. Theyarepanieswhereonelearnsgrammar.C. Grammarisquiteimportantfortheirexistence.D. Theydependongrammarcorrectionforaliving.35. Whatcanwelearnfromthetex

29、t?A. paniesgivinggrammartestsmayhavenogoodbusinesssense.B. Grammarbeesunimportantaslanguageisconstantlychanging.C. Azerotoleranceapproachtogrammarerrorsmightseemalittleunfair.D. Peoplewhopayattentiontowritingmaypayattentiontootherthings.【参考答案】3235AACD阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项。【xx 高考英语福建省联

30、考试卷】Ifeelitenormousresponsibility,asamotheroftwolittlegirls,toleadyoudownapaththatisrelativelyhealthywhenitestobeautyandself-image.InalotofwomenseyesIveprobablyalreadyfailedinthatrespectduetotheamountofpinkprincessBarbie（芭比娃娃）messclutteringup（堆满）Verasroom.ButIwillsaysomethingaboutBarbie:Iplayedwitht

31、hatstuffforasoliddecadewhenIwasgrowingupandhereIamnowatahealthyweightwithahealthyoutlookonmybodyandimage.Ihaveasuccessfulcareer.IfBarbiewasreallysodamagingtomyfemininity（女性气质）andself-imageIhighlydoubtIcouldlistalloftheacplishments.ButIgetittoo.Itshardforwomentomaintainahealthyself-image.Ihavegirlfri

32、endsaroundwhomIhavetobracemyselftosee,becausejustbeingaroundthemmakesmeself-conscious.IlookatoldpicturesofmymotherandwonderwhyIveneverbeenabletobeasskinnyasshewas.AndthenIhavefriendswhoarethinnerthantheirmotherseverwere.Wewomengoroundandroundincircles,holdinghandsandtryingtobeoneanothersometimes.Men

33、liketothinkwedressandstyleourselvesforthem,butwhywouvenevertriedsoldwewhentheyhardlynotice?IhardtolookgoodwhenIknowImabouttomeetupwithastylishgirlfriend.shewhowillnoticemyslimmed-downwaistorthethinnest,littlebraceletonmyarm.AndIhavenodoubtthatthetwoofyou,VeronicaandJuliette,willendlesslypareyourselv

34、estoeachother.Youwillwonderwhyoneofyougotlongerlegsorshinierhair.ThethingIlltellyouisthis:noteventheprettiestofusfeelsettled.Thegirlyouthinklooksthemostperfectintheworldisprobablythegirlwhowantstochangeherselfmorethananyoneelse.Donttaketheseon.Youarenotworthless.Youaresofullofloveandlightandyoushoul

35、dletitshinethroughyoureverysecond.Ifsomeonepushesyoudownforstandingtallthenjustpushyourselfbackupandstandeventaller.Andknowthatthereasontheypushyoudowninthefirstplaceisjustbecausetheyrescared.68. Fromthesecondparagraph,wecaninferthattheauthor.A. regretsbuyingsomuchBarbiestuffforherdaughtersB. thinks

36、lovingBarbiemakeshernotconfidentaboutherself-imageC. owesherbeautyandsuccesstoplayingwithBarbieD. thinksplayingwithBarbiecausednodamagetoherbeautyandsuccess69. Inthethirdparagraph,theauthorintendstoshowthat.A. womentendtobeproudoftheirbeautifulfriendsB. shecaresmuchaboutherappearanceC. shefeelsproud

37、ofhermothersbeautyD. womentendtoadmireothersandparewitheachother70. Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A. Theauthorisdisappointedthatfewmentakenoticeofherslimfigure.B. Theauthorcaresmoreaboutlookinggoodbeforehergirlfriends.C. Girlsshouldconstantlyparethemselveswithotherstoimprovetheirbea

38、uty.D. Onlytheprettiestgirlcanfeelconfidentaboutherbeauty.71. Theauthoradvisesherdaughtersthat.1 .theyshouldbecautiousnottobepusheddownbyothers8 .theyshouldcaremuchabouttheirstrongpointsinsteadofappearancesIt9 .theyshouldtrytogrowtallerthanothers10 theyshouldcaremoreaboutothersopinions【参考答案】6871DDBB

39、2019-2020 年高考英语二轮复习阅读理解专练（3）由（xx 四川宜宾高三一诊）改编Morethanathirdofthebabiesbornthisyearcouldreceivea100thbirthdaymessagefromwhoeverhappenstobeonthethroneintheseconddecadeofthe22ndcentury,accordingtofigurespublishedbytheOfficeforNationalStatistics（ONS）.Itforecaststhat35%ofthe826,000peopleborninxxwillliveto

40、beecentenarians.Butalonglifeisnotunalloyedgoodnews.DavidSinclair,headofpolicyandresearchattheInternationalLongevityCentreUK,warnedthatformanythefuturemaymeansocialisolation（隔离）astheylivelongerthanfriendsandmembersoftheirfamilies.“Itisofcoursegoodnewsthatsomanymorepeoplearelivinglonger,hesaid,“butthe

41、reisabigproblem.Wewillbeolder,butinworsehealth,andathighriskoflivingalone.Theotherproblemisthatweareverypooratforwardplanning.Wedealwiththeproblemsthatareunderournoses,butevenproblemstwoorthreeyearsawayseemquitedistantenoughtoputoff.Whenyouretalkingaboutforecastsforatimehalfacenturyawayandmore,Iseen

42、oevidencethatweareputtinginplacethemeasurestodealwithit.”Thisyeartherewillbe14,500centenariansintheUK,anumberwhichisexpectedtoincreaseto110,000in2035.Womenhavehigherlifeexpectanciesthanmenateveryage:thelikelihoodofagirlbornthisyearreachinghercenturyisestimatedtobe39%;forboysthefigureis32%.Theestimat

43、ednumberoffemalecentenarianshasrisenfrom500in1961tomorethan10,000inxx,afigurewhichisprojectedtoreach71,000by2035and276,000by2060.Menarealsolivingfarlonger,althoughtheirnumbersarefarfewer.Therewasanestimatedof92malecentenariansin1961andjustbelow2,000inxx.11Theunderlinedwordacentenariansprobablymeansp

44、eoplewho.A.arebornthisyearB.livelongerthantheirfriendsC.areinpoorhealthD.areahundredormoreyearsold12 FromwhatDavidSinclairsaid,wecanlearn.A.hedoesntbelievesomanypeoplearelivinglongerB.theolderweare,themorelikelywearetolivealoneandinpoorhealthC.thepeoplewhoaregoodatforwardplanningarelikelytolivelonge

45、rD.toodistantplanningisnotalwaysnecessaryformostofus13 Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?()A.About289,100peopleborninxxwillliveto100.B.Moremenwillreachtheircenturythanwomeninthefuture.C.Thenumberofthefemalecentenarianswas1,000in1970s.D.Morethan600peoplereachedtheircenturyin1961.14 Whatdoesthispass

46、agemainlytalkabout?()A.Alonglifeisnotalwaysgoodnews.B.Alonglifealsomeanssocialandphysicalisolation.C.Inthefuture,morepeoplewillliveto100intheUK.D.Itisgoodtoliveto100.语篇解读：在英国，越来越多的人会活到 100 岁，但是那些老寿星们将面临年老体弱、孤独等问题。答案及剖析：1.D 推理判断题。由第一段的内容可知，xx 年出生的婴儿到 22 世纪第二个十年的时候将会收到 100 岁生日的信息，故 D 项正确。2.B 细节理解题。由第三

47、段 DavidSinclair 说的话 Wewillbeolder,butinworseB 项。health,andathighriskoflivingalone可知，人活得越长，就越孤独而且身体不好，故选3 .A 细节理解题。由第一段的最后一句话.35%ofthe826,000peopleborninxxwilllivetobeecentenarians 可知 A 项正确。由倒数第三段的内容可知 B 项错误；文章没有提到C 项所涉及的内容；由最后两段的.femalecentenarianshasrisenfrom500in1961和.92malecentenariansin1961.可知 D

48、 项错误。4 .C 主旨大意题。由全文内容可知，本文讲述了英国会有更多的人活到 100 岁，故选 C 项。【长难句子分析】口二！rggtk由gq古口口口farwca&tsfor口口cyrztury时同状者从句同位话从句当你谈论关于半个世纪或更远的时间的预测时，我没看到我们有什么可以用来解决问题的措施。【XX 高考复习】阅读理解Nowadayswomenappeartohaveapositiveimageofthemselvesassaferdriversthanmen.InasurveydoneforinsurerMetLife,51%ofwomensaidtheydrivemores

49、afely.Theevidenceisontheirside:Menare3.4timesmorelikelythanwomentogetaticketforcarelessdrivingand3.1timesaslikelytobepunishedfordrunkdriving.Womenareonaveragelessaggressiveandmorelawabiding（守法的）drivers,whichleadstofeweraccidents,thereportsays.However,notallmaledriverssharethesameopinion.Ofthemensurv

50、eyedbyMetLife,39%claimedmaledriversweresafer.Thefindingsdidbackthemupononepoint:automotiveknowledge.Thereportshowedthatmoremenarefamiliarwithcurrentsafetyequipmentsuchaselectronicstabilitycontrol,whichhelpspreventrolloveraccidents.AutosafetyunavoidablymatterstoMoney.Insurancepaniesfocusonwhatclasses

51、ofdrivershavethelowestdollaramountsofclaims,andfornow,thatmainlyincludeswomen.Ingeneral,womenpayabout9%lessforautoinsurancethanmen.AstudybythewebsiteInswebalsoshowedthatautoinsuranceratesarelowerforwomeninmoststates.Amongindividualstates,womengetthegreatest,advantageinWyoming（wheretheypay20%less）,So

52、uthDakotaandWashington,D.C.,wheretheirinsurancecostsare16%lower.“Morethan11,900maledriversdiedinUStrafficaccidentsinxx,paredwithjustunder4,900womendriversaccordingtothestudy.Basedonmilestraveled,mendiedatarateof2.5deathsper100millionmilestraveled,vs.1.7deathsforwomen.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过列举一些数据说明现在女性司

53、机似乎比男性司机开车更加安全。1.Accordingtothestudy,femaledrivers.A. aremoreaggressivewhiledrivingB. aremoreinterestedinautoknowledgeC. aremorelikelytostickdrivinglawsD. aremorefamiliarwithsafetyequipment解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的Womenareonaveragelessaggressiveandmorelawabiding（守法的）drivers.”可知，C 项正确。答案 C2.Insurancepaniesfocu

54、sonfemaledriverclientsprobablybecausethey.AcausemoreaccidentsontheroadBpaymoremoneytotheinsurancepaniesCtakethemostpartoftheinsuranceclientsD.havethelowestamountofmoneyoninsuranceclaims解析推理判断题。根据第三段第一、二句话可知，对保险公司而言，机动车安全与钱息息相关的，越是安全的驾驶人员索赔就相应的越少，而与男性相比女性司机驾驶更为安全，所以深受保险公司的青睐。答案 D3.Wecaninferfromthepa

55、ssagethat.A. menare3.1timesmorelikelytogetticketsthanwomenB. allwomenintheUSApaythesamefortheirautoinsuranceC. morefemaledriversdieeveryyearthanmaledriversD. womenaregenerallysaferdriversthantheoppositegender解析细节理解题。根据第一段可知，女性司机相比男性司机而言驾驶更加安全，故选D根据第二段中的Menare3.4timesmorelikely.togetaticket.”可知，A 项错误

56、；根据第三段最后一句可知，B 项错误；根据最后一段第一句可知，C 项错误。答案 D4. Thewritermainlydevelopsparagraphsby.A.givingexamplesB.makingparisonsC.drawingaconclusionD.presentinganargument解析推理判断题。根据文中第二至四段中的数据对比可知，作者将女性司机与男性司机进行比较，从而得出女性司机比男性司机更安全的结论，故选Bo答案 B【xx 高考复习】阅读理解AreasofTokyowhichhadusuallybeenpackedwithofficeworkerslikesush

57、i（寿司）restaurantsandnoodleshopswereunusuallyquiet.Manyschoolswereclosed.paniesallowedworkerstostayhome.Longqueuesformedatairports.AsJapaneseauthoritiesstruggledtoavoiddisasteratanearthquake-batterednuclearplant240kmtothenorth,partsofTokyoresembledaghosttown.Manypeoplestockeduponfoodandstayedindoorsorsimplyleft,transformingoneoftheworldsbiggestandmostpopulatedcitiesintoashellofitsusualself.“Look,itslike