2021~2021年天津市津南区0~14岁儿童H3N2亚型流感病原学监测分析

1、20212021年天津市津南区014岁儿童H3N2亚型流感病原学监测分析20212021年天津市津南区014岁儿童H3N2亚型流感病原学监测分析1959202111-0147-03Abstract：Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of H3N2 subtype influenza virus in Jinnan District of Tianjin from 2021 to 2021， and to provide evidence for the development of influenza preven

2、tion and control strategies. Methods The swine swab specimens of influenza-like cases ILI were collected from the only influenza surveillance sentinel hospital in Tianjin Jinnan District. The real-time quantitative PCR was performed to analyze the positive samples of H3N2 subtype influenza virus.Res

3、ults In the Jinnan District of Tianjin， a total of 2972 ILI cases were detected from 2021 to 2021， among which 245 were positive for H3N2 subtype influenza virus， and the total positive rate was 9.59%. The positive rate of H3N2 subtype influenza nucleic acid in the five monitoring years were 2.21%，

4、17.80%， 4.60%， 16.41%， and 6.86%， the differences were statistically significant P0.05. There was no significant difference in the positive rate of H3N2 subtypes among different gender groups P0.05. There was no significant difference in the positive rate of H3N2 subtype influenza in all age groups

5、P0.05， but the number of H3N2 influenza positive cases was the highest in children with 3 to 8 years old.Conclusion The H3N2 subtype influenza virus in Jinnan District of Tianjin is an annual cyclical epidemic， which occurs mostly in winter and spring. It is the main type of influenza epidemic in re

6、cent years. School-age children are the key population of H3N2 subtype influenza prevention and control， for better prevention and control. Influenza， timely grasp of fashion trends， still needs to strengthen monitoring. 0.05。2.3 H3N2亚型流感年龄分布 本讨论共分为5个年龄组，即02岁、35岁、68岁、911岁和1214岁年龄组，各年龄组的H3N2亚型流感阳性率比较

7、，差异无统计学意义？字2=2.759，P>0.05，见表1。2.4 H3N2亚型流感时间分布 H3N2亚型流感流行期为冬春季节，其中各年的流行高峰不同。5个监测年度出现两个流行高峰，隔年出现，见图1。3商量流感病毒属于正黏病毒科，是有包膜的单股负链RNA病毒，流感病毒分甲、乙、丙3个型别。通过对病毒监测发觉感染人类致病的有甲型H1N1和H3N2，乙型Victoria和Yamagata。流感爆发大流行都是抗原变异活跃的甲型流行株，乙型流感病毒会引起小范围流行。世界各地气候不同，流感流行株也不同，但每个地区依据季节、气候和温度等条件不同也都有肯定的流行规律。本讨论显示，天津市津南区5个监测年

8、度H3N2亚型流感出现两个流行高峰，阳性率最高峰为51.11%46/90，出如今2021年12月;其次为2021年1月，阳性率为40.79%31/76;隔年出现，这个特点与周边地区相同2。检出人群性别无差异，各年龄组阳性率差异无统计学意义，但阳性病例数量多集中在38岁儿童，这个年龄段的儿童处于幼儿园与小学阶段，与人接触更加频繁，但抵抗力仍旧较弱，简单感染多种呼吸道病毒或细菌，尤其小学生在流感流行季时高度集中，人与人之间接触紧密，且户外活动过少，加之自身的防控流感意识相对缺乏等缘由，简单造成流感病毒的传播流行，甚至局部爆发流行3-5。缘由：儿童免疫系统尚不完善，学校和幼儿园人群密集，易造成呼吸道病毒在儿童间的传播;儿童患病后就诊的比例和准时性要高于其他人群6，7，因此儿童也被列为流感疫苗的优先接种人群，监测结果显示，一般10月份H3N2流感就开始流行，由于流感疫苗接种后2周才产生爱护性抗体，因此建议于9月份接种流感疫苗。由于H3N2亚型流感病毒在人群中流行广泛并发生了多位点变异8，近些年流感疫苗中H3N2亚型疫苗株与流行株抗原匹配度