汽车专业英语第二部分6章

1、背景知识背景知识 生词生词Unit 6 Cooling System译文及评析译文及评析 背景知识背景知识 冷却系统按照冷却介质不同可以分为风冷和水冷。如果把发动机中高温零件的热量直接散入大气而进行冷却的装置称为风冷系统。而把这些热量先传给冷却水，然后再散入大气而进行冷却的装置称为水冷系统。由于水冷系统冷却均匀，效果好，而且发动机运转噪音小，目前汽车发动机上广泛采用的是水冷系统。生词生词liquid n.液体，流体 grill n. 散热格absorb vt.吸收；吸引 thermostat n. 节温器，恒温器reservoir n.储液器 core n.核心aluminum n.铝 fin

2、 n.散热片via prep.取道，通过；经由 fluid n.流体；液体ethylene n.乙烯 glycol n. 乙二醇；甘醇；二羟基醇maintain vt.维持；维修 release vt. 释放；发射Pressurize vt.密封；增压 vacuum n. 真空serpentine adj. 阴险的；蜿蜒的；弯弯曲曲的block vt阻塞；阻止 bypass n. 旁路；支路heater n.加热器 interior adj.内部的；国内的；本质的version n.译文；版本译文及评析译文及评析 A cooling system works by sending a liqu

3、id coolant through passages in the engine block and heads. As the coolant flows through these passages, it picks up heat from the engine. The heated coolant then passes through a rubber hose to the top inlet of the radiator in front of the car. The coolant flows down through the thin tubes in the ra

4、diator; the hot coolant is cooled by the air stream entering the engine compartment from the grill in front of the car. Cooling system ：冷却系统过了一会，小男孩不哭了，睁开眼睛，过了一会，小男孩不哭了，睁开眼睛，用询问的目光看着越南护士。用询问的目光看着越南护士。 通过向发动机缸体和缸盖的管道传送冷却液，汽车的冷却系统进行工作。当冷却液流过这些通道时，它从发动机中吸收热量，从而降低发动机的温度。冷却液流过发动机后，经橡胶软管到达汽车前端散热器。热的冷却液进入散

5、热器薄壁管，通过向汽车前端散热格栅吹入冷空气进行热量交换，热的冷却液被冷却。译文及评析译文及评析 Once the coolant has made its way to the bottom of the radiator and is cooled it returns to the engine through a rubber hose to absorb more heat. The water pump has the job of keeping the fluid moving through the entire system. Coolant: 冷却剂过了一会，小男孩不哭了

6、，睁开眼睛，过了一会，小男孩不哭了，睁开眼睛，用询问的目光看着越南护士。用询问的目光看着越南护士。 冷却液冷却后，到达散热器下端出口，经橡胶软管返回发动机吸收更多的热量。水泵的主要任务是保持液体在系统内的循环流动。译文及评析译文及评析 A cooling system include the following typical components:Radiator, pressure cap, transmission cooler, fan, water pump, rubber hoses, thermostat, reservoir tank, and heater core.掌握基本

7、的名词词汇及上文内容掌握基本的名词词汇及上文内容过了一会，小男孩不哭了，睁开眼睛，过了一会，小男孩不哭了，睁开眼睛，用询问的目光看着越南护士。用询问的目光看着越南护士。 冷却系统包括以下典型组成部分：散热器，散热器盖，变速箱冷却器，冷却风扇，水泵，橡胶软管，节温器，补偿水桶，以及暖风机芯译文及评析译文及评析 On most cars today the radiator is made of thin aluminum tubes with aluminum fins that zigzag between the tubes. Air is pulled through the fins v

8、ia cooling fans causing the heat in the radiator to be transferred into the air stream and carried away from the vehicle. The radiator has two tanks, one for inlet of heated coolant and the other for outlet of the cooled fluid.掌握上文基本内容。掌握上文基本内容。过了一会，小男孩不哭了，睁开眼睛，过了一会，小男孩不哭了，睁开眼睛，用询问的目光看着越南护士。用询问的目光看着

9、越南护士。 如今，大多数汽车散热器是用铝合金散热管和波纹状铝合金散热片制成。冷却风扇向散热器吹入外部冷空气，热量散发到空气中，通过空气介质将热量带离出去。散热器有两个水室，一个是热的液体进水室，另一个是冷却后液体出水室。译文及评析译文及评析 The cooling system is sealed. When the coolant gets hot it expands and causes an increase in pressure in the cooling system. When coolant is under pressure the boiling point of th

10、e liquid becomes higher. Coolant is made with ethylene glycol, which has a higher boiling point than water, along with keeping it under pressure allows the coolant to safely reach temperatures in excess of 250 degrees.过了一会，小男孩不哭了，睁开眼睛，过了一会，小男孩不哭了，睁开眼睛，用询问的目光看着越南护士。用询问的目光看着越南护士。 冷却系统是密封的。当冷却液吸收热量后，其温

11、度逐渐升高，容积膨胀，使冷却系统内的压力增高。当系统压力处在大气压力之下时，冷却液的沸点会变得更高。冷却剂主要由乙二醇制成，沸点比水高，保持在允许的气压下，冷却液可以在250度甚至以上的温度下处于安全状态。译文及评析译文及评析 The pressure cap is a simple device that will maintain the pressure in the system to a certain point. If the pressure builds up higher than the set pressure point there is a spring loade

12、d valve that allows the pressure to release. During this process a small amount of coolant is bled off into the reservoir tank which is not pressurized. Since there is less coolant in the system, as the engine cools down a partial vacuum is formed. The radiator cap on these closed systems has a seco

13、ndary valve to allow the vacuum in the cooling system to draw the coolant back into the radiator from the reservoir tank.过了一会，小男孩不哭了，睁开眼睛，过了一会，小男孩不哭了，睁开眼睛，用询问的目光看着越南护士。用询问的目光看着越南护士。 散热器盖是一个简易的装置，维持系统压力稳定于某一值。如果压力增高超过预定值，压力阀开启，以释放压力。在这一过程中，一部分冷却液流出，经溢流管流入未加压的补偿水桶。当发动机停机后，由于系统中冷却液不足，发动机温度下降，系统内压力低于大气压

14、出现局部真空，散热器盖下端真空阀开启，补偿水桶内的冷却液部分地流回散热器。译文及评析译文及评析 A water pump is a simple device that will keep the coolant moving through the system as long as the engine is running. The pump is driven by either a fan belt which usually drives another component, a serpentine belt which drives all components, a timi

15、ng belt, or in some cases gear driven.Serpentine belt: 蛇形皮带 过了一会，小男孩不哭了，睁开眼睛，过了一会，小男孩不哭了，睁开眼睛，用询问的目光看着越南护士。用询问的目光看着越南护士。 水泵是一个简易的装置，在发动机正常运转过程中保持冷却液在系统中的正常循环流动。水泵一般由发动机的曲轴通过带轮驱动，可以由为单个部件提供动力的风扇带轮或是为整个部件提供动力的蛇形皮带驱动，还可以由一个正时带轮驱动，在某些情况下可以齿轮驱动。译文及评析译文及评析 The thermostat is simply a valve that measures th

16、e temperature of the coolant and, if it is hot enough, opens to allow the coolant to flow to the radiator. If the coolant is not hot enough, the flow to the radiator is blocked and fluid is directed back to the engine via a bypass system. Because flow to the radiator is blocked, the engine will reac

17、h operating temperature sooner and, on a cold day, will allow the heater to begin supplying hot air to the interior more quickly.Thermostat: 恒温器 过了一会，小男孩不哭了，睁开眼睛，过了一会，小男孩不哭了，睁开眼睛，用询问的目光看着越南护士。用询问的目光看着越南护士。 节温器是控制冷却液流动路径的阀门，它根据冷却液温度高低，打开或关闭冷却液通向散热器的通道。如果冷却液温度过高，阀门打开，冷却液流向散热器。如果冷却液温度较低，节温器阀门关闭，冷却液经旁路系

18、统直接返回发动机。由于散热器流入通道被堵，发动机很快达到正常运行温度，在一个较冷的日子，热的冷却液流入暖风机，向车厢内部供应暖气。The hot coolant is also used to provide heat to the interior of the vehicle when needed. The heater core looks like a small version of a radiator, connected to the cooling system with a pair or rubber hoses. One hose brings hot coolant to the heater core and the