代词的基础用法

1、代词一 代词的定义及分类：代词是代替名词或相当于名词的一种词类。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。代词可分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、关系代词和不定代词。二人称代词1. 人称代词是为了避免重复， 用来代替人物名词的词， 人称代词有人称， 单复数和主宾格的变化。2. 主格和宾格 主格：代词在句中作主语时用的格式。 宾格：代词在句中作宾语时用的格式（宾语通常放在动词和介词之后， 如果和短语搭配， 宾格通常放在短语中间） 如：put them away, try it on人称 单复数 主格宾格第一人称 单数Ime 复数 weus第二人称 单数 you you 复

2、数 youyou第三人称 单数 hehimsheheritit 复数theythemEg: We are teachers. Give it to me.3. 物主代词 物主代词是表示所有关系的代词。 简而言之，就是“的”。 物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。人称单复数形容词性名词性第一人称单数mymine复数ourours第二人称单数youryours复数youryours第三人称单数hishisherhersitsits复数theirtheirs形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的区别：形容词性物主代词+名词=名词性物主代词名词性物主代词后面不能加名词如：This compute

3、r is my computer.= This computer is mine. 口诀：有名则用形，无名则用名Eg: This pen is mine. They are her friends.4. 反身代词（1）定义:反身代词是主语的动作施加在自己的身上时使用的代词， 表示“某人自己”。人称单复数反身代词第一人称单数myself复数ourselves第二人称单数yourself复数yourselves第三人称单数himselfherselfitself复数themselves（2）反身代词的用法 （当动作的发出者和承受着是同一个人的时候需要用反身代词。）eg: I cut myself

4、when I cut the apples.反身代词常见固定搭配enjoy oneself玩的开心do sth. by oneself自己独立做某事cut oneself割/切到自己help oneself随便吃make oneself at home 不要客气dress oneself打扮， 穿着come to oneself苏醒lose oneself迷失，迷路Eg: I did my homework myself. She wants to see the manager himself.5. 指示代词 （1）定义：代替指定的人或事物时使用的代词称为指示代词。 远近单复数近 远 单数t

5、his（这个）that（那个） 复数 these（这些）those（那些） （2）This, that的特殊用法 1）用在打电话中：Whos that? -This is. 2）介绍他人时用：This is .; This is my friend. 3）敲门时： Whos that? -Its .Eg: What are those? This is a cat.练习：1.按要求完成单词 I（宾格）_ us(主格）_ her(主格）_ It（宾格）_ them(主格）_ him(主格）_ you(主格）_ we(宾格）_2. This apple is good.（改成复数形式） _.3.

6、These computers are expensive.（改成单数形式） _.4. parents are both office worker.(他的)5. Please look after_.（她们）6. -Look, thats Mike, your classmate. （ 09通化） -Yes, lets go and say hello to .Ahim B. he C. his D. hers7. -Tom, is this your dictionary? -No, its not . Its Davids. ( 07温州) A. yours B. mine C. his

7、 D. hers8. -What a lovely card! Where did you buy it? -I made it by _. ( 07福州) A. oneself B. herself C. myself D. yourself9. She is so young that you cant leave her by . ( 08鹿县) Aoneself B.herself C.myself D. yourself10. -Do you know about David? -Yes, I know very well.（07武汉）A. he B. himself C. him D.his11.Dont you let _ help you?A. I and my friend B. my friend and I C. my friend and me D. me and my friend12. I cant repair the model ship _. Can you help _？A. ； B. ； C. ； D. ；13. I am a student. name is Tom. (08北京朝阳) A. My B. Your C. His D. Her14. School is much bigger than . (07济南) A. Our; t