支持多种成员数据库和长事务处理的联邦数据库事务(FDB

1、Research on Federated Database TransactionA Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of Master of Computer Application TechnologyResearch on Federated Database TransactionMSc. Candidate : Terefe MuletaMajor : Computer Application Technology Advisor : Prof. Li

2、RuixuanHuazhong University of Science & TechnologyWuhan 430074, P.R. ChinaMay, 2003Terefe Muleta MSC ThesisAbstractThis thesis addresses the problem of federated database transaction (FDBT) support for provisioning of large numbers of component databases and/or very long-duration transactions se

3、rvices. Provisioning of large scale federated database services means dealing with various heterogeneous data sources from local and global view. The research reports our approach towards the use of federated database technology to provide uniform access to the various data sources. We evaluated the

4、 suitability of a scalable model for large number of federated database systems, something which is not present in the current literature. As such, it makes significant contributions to the areas of Federated Database Transaction, unconventional database transaction models, and complex distributed i

5、nformation system. Such as, flexible and distributed architecture for building federated databases has been designed; development of transactions models that explicitly recognize parallelism and do not use any global locking. Transaction models that depend on two-phase commit with locking are almost

6、 guaranteed to fail or deadlock when applied to large number of database like 1,000 participating databases. This thesis attempts to explore the Distributed Object Kernel (DOK) which is a federated database system that study the development of a federated access control, as well as a secure logical

7、architecture allowing the DOK system to enforce federated security policies in the context of autonomous, distributed and heterogeneous databases. This thesis also tries to explain the benefits of data warehousing for the federated database transaction and introduces the OLTP and OLAP of data wareho

8、using to enhance the transaction capability of federated database systems. Finally, the implementation of timestamp ordering transaction manager algorithm and scheduler algorithm in the area of federated database transaction are given, and the performance evaluation and analysis for federated transa

9、ction management is discussed.Keywords: Transaction management, Federated Database Systems, ConcurrencyControl, Distributed Object kernel, Database Security, Data Warehousing.I摘 要支持多种成员数据库和长事务处理的联邦数据库事务（FDBT）是一个非常棘手的问题，提供联邦数据库事务服务意味着需要从局部和全局视图两个方面来操作多种异构数据源，这使得传统数据库的事务模型和并发控制方法在联邦数据库系统中并不适用。联邦数据库提供了

10、对多种数据源进行统一访问的界面和方法，针对传统事务模型在联邦数据库的缺陷，给出了联邦数据库系统的事务模型，并使用数学的方法对其适宜性进行了评价。这个模型为建立联邦数据库设计了灵活的分布式体系结构，可以不使用全局锁协议而显式地识别和处理事务的并行性。该模型适用于联邦数据库事务、非传统数据库事务模型和复杂的分布式信息系统。在有大量的成员数据库参与的情况下，比如有1000个参与的数据库，依赖于两阶段提交（2PC）和封锁协议的事务模型几乎只会使事务失败或死锁。使用分布式对象核心（DOK）技术来研究联邦数据库事务的访问控制方法是一个合适的选择。基于分布式对象核心技术，给出了一种适用于联邦数据库的安全体系

11、结构，使得DOK系统在自治的、分布的、异构的数据库环境中能够加强其联邦安全策略。将数据仓库的方法引入联邦事务处理会有许多优点，数据仓库的联机事务处理（OLTP）和联机分析处理（OLAP）技术可以加强联邦数据库的事务处理能力。基于时间戳排序的事务管理算法和调度算法，可以实现简单的联邦数据库事务处理。最后，给出了这些算法的性能分析和评价。关键词：事务管理，联邦数据库系统，并发控制，分布式对象核心，数据库安全，数据仓库IITable of ContentsAbstract .I 摘要.II List of TablesV List of Figures VI1 Introduction1.1 Res

12、earch Problems(1)1.2 Our Contributions.(3)1.3 Related Work .(4)1.4 Research Motivation.(5)1.5 Organization of this Thesis (6)2 Literature and Technological Review2.1 Definitions & Taxonomy of FDB System .(7)2.2 Existing problem of Scalability.(9)3 An Analysis of existing Architecture and Compone

13、nts3.1 Architectural Components.(17)3.2 Database Facilities Components.(24)4 Transaction Model & Security in Federated database4.1 Conventional Transactions .(34)4.2 Federated Transaction Model .(37)4.3 Features of the Transaction Model .(42)4.4 Security in Federated databases .(45)4.5 Applicabi

14、lity of the Transaction Model in Federated Database.(49)5 Fedrated Data Warehouse5.1 Goals of Data Warehouse in FDBT .(56) III5.2 Data Warehousing & Integration .(57)5.3 Transaction in Data Warehouse.(59)6 Performance Evaluation and Analysis6.1 Implementation of Algorithms.(61)6.2 System Evaluat

15、ion for Transaction Management.(65)7 Conclusion & Future Work .(67)Acknowledgements .(69)References .(70)AppendicesAppendix A: List of Publications.(73) Appendix B: Multi-database Features(74) Appendix C: Kinds of Federated Information Systems .(75) Appendix D: List of Abbreviations (76) IVList

16、of TablesTable 2.1 Availability Classification.(10) Table 4.1 Probability of all Databases Being Available by Type & Number.(38) Table 4.2 Organization Table.(41) Table 4.3 Life history Table.(41) Table 4.4 Transaction of Education & Job History.(41) Table 4.5 Speedup and Processors.(44) Tab

17、le 5.1 OLTP and OLAP Database Structure.(59) VList of FiguresFigure 2.1 Taxonomy of Federated Database Systems.(8) Figure 2.2 Probability of Failure Pxyz (t) with MTBF (Sample size 100).(13) Figure 2.3 Probability of Failure Pxyz (t) with MTBF (Sample size 1,000).(13) Figure 2.4 Probability of Failu

18、re Pxyz (t) with MTBF (Sample size 10,000).(14) Figure 3.1 Federated Database System Architecture.(18) Figure 3.2 The DOK Physical Architecture.(19) Figure 3.3 A Single-Federation Multidatabase System.(23) Figure 3.4 Multiple Federations Multidatabase System(24) Figure 3.5 Database Facilitator Components.(25) Figure 3.6 Federa