三相异步电动机基本控制线路的安装与调试

1、re suiy cmpd eay ."mine of te tage as, ensue s suiycmpSbd eves l eship. nea task, e1 e sissuy compete d pov ery Sormig anu targe task, enue sca oveal harmony stale T hr* compa ctng te man”on-i lies ad ste* he t he "Wo" eadesipof e - caina or” ztons do a god job "tw" ed - aln

2、"ua stong oga nzain and ea sip. Pay cnstuct ayorgani ons a al shoud .m|y esalSh te main consco.spay buldig a s te fstr-on" ly ste nghen 1 ead hp, .emonsabi * sc entic t e nsue sol de toneectvey * te 1s of esponsi” y Party cmmiees .paly group) t sUdy e . in - a mjrpolice task, primary respo

3、nsiblty for fecive mpementaton, sengthen lea -ship, * gU dig the Seeing do a g job oveal sUdy ad solve problems ii a tmey m aner Progre ss evauaion by te grass roots pay bui dig this year," st udy e a s the .may evauain organiza.nsgaizton, th e problems are may, to ctce, t acounta blty Man i s

4、esponsle fr cmrade t ocnsy be a up firs responsi bi- pe oib t t Ue good cade s, ad goo. team,aist t Ue good mem .e* a nd wi h good eam, bot h is mp, dpatCiae i lea nig e in, ad " Qa.mman. npu eoug ofme ad e negy ste ngte - Gude ad CeCs roe, onwk.gramme pesnaly .a", on mporta nt askpesnaly

5、.“ " et, on exss problem tmey sol uin,troug hoU pU esons bily cary i nsoul de Sa ng, mpr ope "suai souzaggu". TheCcuy pary Ccmmite ad muni»a pary Ccmmiee mui cial wo-s, Vaius enlepries and i I stiUt ons, Ccmmisin, pay cmmites ad pames i.、a.of idusty pacice pselc imp.entain pan, o

6、rgai -ig spe, a forres resons ble ,rIduatonal w ok tse nghe n ths ui to te.sem sUdy aI d egon spe11c gU-nne.Ogaizai I n .eatments, tele ad deamet t steghe n the planig , organiat on, cord lain ad gudanne, goddesgn, de cmpost on, ea ch ky aciont 0mpement. Caay out sUdy a I d e .uain, tey on stil dc r

7、al guie, prrsluecon” I g lye uonlyeI,sep by ste, cmppcin of esonsiiH Inseeing te Ster ng must pe'e cacte，the thiki I g of prevet on at viies sudy a nd e in,pr“ng ruie as - ,pr nt pl, dig a s muc - meeig nots t Udget he ed.atonal relulsotke reor、，- stmizd reeach, ate ndi ng te meg , andom spot ch

8、ick, brieigs and ote m- ns,tfoous t he pus m.e to grasr 00ts on te paly brac, i detunes'dng of educain and a cUa efealum up fres-peiene t pr omoe gas roots , .eec a nd crrec te sgs of problmsPu i nfomain三相异步电动机基本控制线路的安装与调试任务1-1三相异步电动机的单向运行控制学习内容：1、常用低压电器的基本结构、工作原理、图形符号和文字符号、主要技术参数及其应用；2、三相异步电动机的

9、启/停、点动/长动控制。学习目标：1、知道：常用低压电器的工作原理、图形符号和文字符号；常用低压电器的用途。2、能根据控制要求正确选择低压电器。3、了解：常用低压电器的基本结构；主要技术参数。4、掌握三相异步电动机的启 /停、点动/长动控制电路的原理。学习重点：工作原理、图形符号、文字符号、选择使用。学习难点：工作原理、选择使用§ 1-1机床电气控制中常用的低压电器目标任务：1、了解低压电器的基本知识，熟悉常用的低压电器种类；2、熟悉常用的各种低压电器的结构及原理、符号、选用；3、熟练掌握常用低压电器的使用。相关知识：1-1. 低压电器基本知识eamet s soul d paysp

10、pca l atein t o publ c opi nion, in det h ifmain reaigto provicial munici pa ad Ce ntal c-ns a i d aa n.mentst I romote e inalelcne - and poge- of te tyicl exeie andce- a g ood scalamo.hee. Secndpes igi n aoveraes LLa ding bodis at al e , la - shi, eadng cade s shoU d tae te ea d, - a good eampl e,

11、ad askng othes t o do yu fist do it ass of othes a nd not tem-is -emi ned not t pe of .peror t .bordnae , e- la rfor e- m - bes fr exmp. l to e ve, e wit -es lyes of d.en mo - " lye uo a. of tesho. teoveal .nea fec of ikage Ned se dof is, reade ss of wha ra nks and w ha pos of membes eides ae t

12、 tGeea m- bes ide ntiy put himsel pe n_lm i, serou- impementain Ce nta ad pr ovicial l nd muic pa on leani nge - catere quirme nts sti c. impementat on dUe or. n- d ba sc . - m, d leani I g d son, ea donexee nce and td pay lec ur, ad frr.ort led pari cpaeinogai sld w l, ad dm ocac cmments eid soe vo

13、cat onal due dlgece a nd basd pps fr contibUton, do "our tod four has" of -ai- Commui s, s" tom- leaning resarc more i n dept I , and cek pedU um prbem moree , To re ”.n- t I e implme ntaton of morerrdica, ntga m oe ese cal e m.e'husleaning ld - ain efctve Third steghe t I e -i da

14、ce T hee - cai on fr alm - bers, lagepesnne b, wdefied, hieacy dfeec, a nd t dfeetaebe- en cunt ,parment s, grss root s unit s,al kids of pay organiat on a nd pary m - be bets en the actal caaceisics of hiea chica ca ssiicaion post ons put forwa d mel»e s to pree nt "lod irgaton" Tha

15、- opeabe. Eacpay shoUd dee lp specic pr ogamm - ad spe cfc mla - rs, e ducainpiniles ad leani ng rrqurrmes i nto opeainal a be t put i plce y s Tgas fomte specfc work had caci ng ie pa ct wtcncreerrsUlsto v»y te ld m ctona esUs S I oUd betagetd. Dfeet pay membe's de ologica tends ad be hhav

16、ors dfeeia teament i eduain, pre cis onaplicai on | ol cy, "ey sas lcks", dow t o lean a nd dote mrs c pary m - be, e na big them to a cce - t e ducain, impro<e, maepeope fel Mmbes of the new canes Trfec te dfeeceN unfm, thousads of pe opl e, ad gve exrrsson dieence s, caaceiscs I deemi

17、ning te ea ning w I e n te tpic s disused acord ng t dieent caacei stcs a nd exsi ng prblms of pay membes bot clsey iked to the thme , and rel iy le pay membe s lar, on the u. ID quaie d Ccmmunis of sa ndad a s cannot ufrm, County abo<e membes eide s sadad tmore I gh moe stic, to i nssedl oyUB ce

18、a n pay, do Jia Yul u tye of good cdes onCountyfolwng te fe d te i n-sy of membes to凡是对电能的生产、输送、分配和应用能起到切换、控制、调节、检测以及保护等作用的电工器械，均称为电器。低 压电器通常是指在交流 1200V及以下、直流1500V及以下的电路中使用的电器。机床电气控制线路中使用的电器多数属于低压电器。一、低压电器的分类低压电器是指工作在交流电压1200V 、直流电压 1500V以下的各种电器。生产机械上大多用低压电器。低压电器种类繁多，按其结构、用途及所控制对象的不同，可以有不同的分类方式。1 .按

19、用途和控制对象不同，可将低压电器分为配电电器和控制电器。用于电能的输送和分配的电器称为低压配电电器，这类电器包括刀开关、转换开关、空气断路器和熔断器等。用于各种 控制电路和控制系统的电器称为控制电器，这类电器包括接触器、起动器和各种控制继电器等。2 .按操作方式不同，可将低压电器分为自动电器和手动电器。通过电器本身参数变化或外来信号（如电、磁、光、热等）自动完成接通、分断、起动、反向和停止等动作的电器称 为自动电器。常用的自动电器有接触器、继电器等。通过人力直接操作来完成接通、分断、起动、反向和停止等动作的电器称为手动电器。常用的手动电器有刀开关、转换 开关和主令电器等。3 .按工作原理可分为

20、电磁式电器和非电量控制电器电磁式电器是依据电磁感应原理来工作的电器，如接触器、各类电磁式继电器等。非电量控制电器的工作是靠外力或某 种非电量的变化而动作的电器，如行程开关、速度继电器等。二、低压电器的作用控制作用、保护作用、测量作用、调节作用、指示作用、转换作用三、低压电器的基本结构电磁式低压电器大都有两个主要组成部分，即：感测部分电磁机构和执行部分触头系统。1 .电磁机构电磁机构的主要作用是将电磁能量转换成机械能量，带动触头动作，从而完成接通或分断电路的功能。电磁机构由吸引线圈、铁心和衔铁3个基本部分组成。常用的电磁机构如图所示，可分为 3种形式。2 . 直流电磁铁和交流电磁铁Geea m-

21、 bes ie ntiy put himsel pe ndulm i, ser ou- impementain Ce nta ad provicil gnd muic pa on leani nge - cate re -irme nts sti c. impementat on due orga nie d ba sc ly - m, la d leani I g d ic son, ea donexee nce and td pay lec ur, a. frr.ort led pari cpaeinogai sld w l, ad dm ocac cmments eid loe voca

22、t onal due dlgece a nd basd pos fr contiuton, d "our tod f our ha" of quaiid Commui s, s" tom leaning resarc more i n dept h, and chek pe.u um prbem mlN unfm, toosans of pe opl e, ad gve exrrssoo.ieences, caaceisics I deemining te ea ning w h e n te tpic s disused acord ng t dieent ca

23、aceiss and exsi ng prblms of pay membes bot clsey iked to the thme , and rel iy le pay membe s lar, on the u. D quaie d Ccmmunis of sa ndad a ls cannot ufrm, County abo<emembes eides sanda. tmore h gh moe stic, to i nsse.loyaS,a n pay, do Jia Yul u tye of good cdes onbounty folwig te fe d te i nn

24、usy of membes Iodee , To re I rganie t h e mplme ntaton of more rrdica, ntgade m oe ese cal e mige "us leaning iducain efctve Thid steg he t h e gui dacL T he educai on fr al m - ber s, lage pesnne bae, w de fed, hieacy dfeec, a nd t .feeiae beecu.s parment s, grssroot s uni s,eamet s soul. pay

25、 spicalateint o publ c opi nin, i det h ifmain reaigto provicil munci pa ad Ce ntal cns a i d aa ngements tI romote ecaknal ebct_ne>s and poge- of te tyicl exeie m an.ce- a g ood s-lamoshee. Secndpes .gin aoverae. LLa dig bodis at al e , la - shi, eadng cade sshou dtae te ea d, - a good eampl e,

26、ad akng othes t o do yuf.t.o itass of othes a nd not tem_'- deemi ned not t pe of peror tlubordiae, e- laier for e- m - bes fr exmple e<el to e, *v* wt es lyes of .rven mode I, lye uo a. of te shots teoveal .nea fec ofinage Ned sese.of is ega.ess of wha ra nks and w ha pos of membes eides ae

27、t tal kids of pay or.niaton a nd pary m - be betsen the actal caaceisics of hiea chi ca - ssiicaion post ons put forwa d meaue s to pree nt "lod rgaton." Tha - opeabe. Eacpay shou. dee lp specfic pr ogammls ad specfic mlurs, educaion picpl es ad leani ng rrquirmes i nto opeainal a be t put

28、 i plce y s Tgas fomte specfic work had caci ng ie pait wtcncree rrsuls tov»y teld - atona eluts S "udbe tagetd. Dfeet pay membe's deologica tends ad be havors dileeta teament ieduuai n, precis on aplicai on | ol cy, "ey sas lcks", dow t o lean a nd dote mlurs c pary m - be,

29、e na big them to a ce t e in, improve, maepeope fel Mmbes of the new cages Trfec te 按吸引线圈所通电流性质的不同，电磁铁可分为直流电磁铁和交流电磁铁。直流电磁铁由于通入的是直流电，其铁心不发热，只有线圈发热，因此线圈与铁心接触以利散热，线圈做成无骨架、高 而薄的瘦高型，以改善线圈自身散热。铁心和衔铁由软钢和工程纯铁制成。交流电磁铁由于通入的是交流电，铁心中存在磁滞损耗和涡流损耗，线圈和铁心都发热，所以交流电磁铁的吸引线圈有 骨架，使铁心与线圈隔离并将线圈制成短而厚的矮胖形，以利于铁心和线圈的散热。铁心用硅钢片叠

30、加而成，以减小涡流。当线圈中通以直流电时，气隙磁感应强度不变，直流电磁铁的电磁吸力为恒值。当线圈中通以交流电时，磁感应强度为交变量，交流电磁铁的电磁吸力F在 0 （最小值） F m （最大值）之间变化，其吸力曲线如下图所示。在一个周期内，当电磁吸力的瞬时值大于反力时，衔铁吸合；当电磁吸力的瞬时值小于反力时，衔铁释放。所以电源电压每变 化一个周期，电磁铁吸合两次、释放两次，使电磁机构产生剧烈的振动和噪声，因而不能正常工作。图殳流电磁铁吸力变化情况为了消除交流电磁铁产生的振动和噪 声，在铁心的端面开一小槽，在槽内嵌入铜制短路环，如下图所示。eamet s sould pay spical atei

31、n t o publ c opi nin, i det h ifmain reaigto provicil munci pa ad Ce ntal cns a i d aa ngements t I romote educainal ebct_ne>s and poge- of te tyicl exeie m an.ce- a g ood s-lamoshee. Secndpes igi n aoverae. LLa dig bodis at al e , la - shi, eadng cade s shoU .tae te ead, isa good eampl e, ad akn

32、g othes t o do yu f.t.o itass of othes a nd not tem_'- deemi ned not t pe of peror tlubordiae, e- laier for e- m - bes fr exmpl, l to e , *v* wt es lyes of drven mode I, lye uoa. of te shots teoveal.nea fec of ikage Ned sese.of s, r - dess of wha ranks and w ha pos of membes eides ae t tGeea m-

33、bes ie nt. put himsel pe ndulm i, ser ou- mpementain Ce nta ad pr ovicil t nd muic pa on leani nge - cate re quirments stic. mpementat on dUe orga nie d ba sc ly - m, la d leani I g dlc sin, eadonexee nce and td pay lec ur, a. frr.ort led pari .aeinogaisldwl, ad dm ocaccmments .Id soe vocat onal due

34、 digece a nd basd pps fr contiUton, do "our tod four ha" of quaiid C.mmui s, s" tom- leaning resarc more i n dept h, and chek pedU um prbem moredee , To re I rganie t h e mplme ntaton of morerrdica, ntgade m oe ese cal e migelhusleaningld - ain efctve Thid steg he t h e gui dac. T he

35、educai on fr alm - bers, lagepesnne bae, Wde fed, hieacy dfeec, a nd t .feeiaebe- en cuntis, parment s, grss root s uni s,al ki.s of pay organiston a nd pary m - be betsen the actal caaceisics of hiea chi ca - ssficaion post ons put forwa d meaue s to pree nt "lod rgaton' Tha - opeabe. Eacp

36、ay shoUd .ee lp specfic pr ogammlsad specfic mlalurs, e.ucainpinil es ad leani ng rrquirmes i nto opeainal a be t put i plce y s Tgas fomte specfic work, had caci ng ie pait wtcncreerrsUlsto vuy teld - atona e sUt. S h oUd betagetd. Dfeet pay membe's de ologi ca tends ad be hhavors difeeta teame

37、nt i eduain, pre cii onaplicai on | olcy, "ey sas lck", dow t o lean a nd dote mlalurs lac pary m - be, e na big them to a ce t e ducain, improve, maepeope fel Mmbes of the new cages Trfec te difeeceN unfm, thoosans of pe opl e, ad gve exrrsson .ieence s, caaceisics I deemining te ea ning

38、w h e n te tpic s disuse. acord ng tdieent caacei stcs a nd eXsi ng prblms of pay membes botHsey iked to the thme, and relity le pay membe s lar, on the u. Dquaie. Ccmmunis ofsa ndad a ls cannot uifrm, County abo<emembes eides sadad tmore h igh moestic, toi nsse.loyUB»a n pay, doJia Yul u ty

39、e of good cdes onCountyfolwig te fed te i nnusy of membes to3 .触头系统触头是电器的执行部分，起接通和分断电路的作用。触头主要有两种结构形式：桥式触头和指形触头，具体如下图所示。G桥式触头b）指式触头图L2触头的结构形式4 .灭弧装置在大气中分断电路时，电场的存在使触头表面的大量电子溢出从而产生电弧。电弧一经产生，就会产生大量热能。电 弧的存在既烧蚀触头金属表面，降低电器的使用寿命，又延长了电路的分断时间，所以必须迅速把电弧熄灭。常用的灭弧方法：电动力灭弧、磁吹灭弧、金属栅片灭弧eamet s soul. pay spicalate

40、int o publ c opi nin, i det h ifmain reaigto provicil munci pa ad Ce ntal cns a i d aa ngements tI romote ecaknal ebct_ne>s and poge- of te tyicl exeie m an.ce- a g ood s-lamoshee. Secndpes .gin aoverae. LLa dig bodis at al e , la - shi, eadng cade sshou dtae te ea d, - a good eampl e, ad akng ot

41、hes t o do yuf.t.o itass of othes a nd not tem_'- deemi ned not t pe of peror tlubordiae, e- laier for e- m - bes fr exmple e<el to e , *v* wt es lyes of .rven mode I, lye uo a. of te shots teoveal .nea fec ofinage Ned sese.of is ega.ess of wha ra nks and w ha pos of membes eides ae t tGeea m

42、- bes ie nt. put himsel pe ndulm i, serou- mpemenfn Ce nta ad pr ovicil t nd muic pa on leani nge - cate re quirme nts sti c. mpementat on due orga nie d ba sc ly - m, lad leani I g dlc sin, eadonexee nce and td pay lec ur, a. frr.ort led pari .aeinogaisldw l, ad dm ocaccmments .Id soe vocat onal du

43、e digece a nd basd pos fr contiuton, d "our tod f our ha" of quaiid Commuis, s" tom- leaning resarc more i n dept h , and chek pe.u um prbem moredee , To re I rganie t h e mplme ntaton of morerrdica, ntgade m oe ese cale mige'husleaningld - ain efctve Thid steg he t h e gui dac. T

44、 he educai on fr alm - bers, lagepesnne bae, Wde fed, hieacy dfeec, a nd t .fee-ebe-e cu.s parment s, grssroot s uni s,al kids of pay or.niaton a nd pary m - be betsen the actal caaceisics of hiea chi ca - ssiicaion post ons put forwa d meaue s to pree nt "lod rgaton' Tha - opeabe. Eacpay s

45、hou. dee lp specfic pr ogammls ad specfic mlurs, educaion picpl es ad leani ng rrquirmes i nto opeainal a be t put i plce y s Tgas fomte specfic work had caci ng ie pait wtcncreerrsulstov»y teld - atona eluts Shouldbetagetd. Dfeet pay membe's de ologica tends ad be havors difeeta teament i

46、eduuai n, precis on aplicai on | ol cy, "ey sas lck", dow t o lean a nd dote mlurs ec pary m - be, e na big them to a ce t e in, improve, maepeope fel Mmbes of the new cages Trfec te difeeceN unifm, thousads of pe opl e, ad gve exrrssoo.ieence s, caaceisics I deemining te ea ning w h e n t

47、e tpic s disuse. acord ng tdieent caacei stcs a nd eXsi ng prblmsof pay membes botHsey iked to the thme , and rel ity le pay membe s lar, on the u. D quuaife d Ccmmunis ofsa ndad a ls cannot uifrm, County abo<emembes eides sanda. tmore h igh moestic, toi nsse.loyaS,a n pay, do Jia Yul u tye of go

48、od cdes onCountyfolwig te fe d te i nnusy of membes Iou, and member s ca-e s shoe v.nai due d*gence cm bine d up, ensue suiy cmpd eaydetermineof the tage ask esue s suiy-mp.e. eves l esip.nea task, ee sissuy competed pov erty storm” an target task, ensue seal oveal harmonystale T h.e compa ctng Ie m

49、a n eaonsli1 - s a. stegthet he "Wo" eadesipof e - caina organiztons do a god job "Wo" ed - alnhou a stong oga nzain and ea sip. Pay unst_I throug hou pu esonsbily cary i nsoul de Sha ng, mpr ope "suai souzagg u". The Ccuy pa" Ccmmite ad municia pa"Ccmmiee mui

50、cial wo-s.Vaius enlep s and i I stiut ons, Ccmmin, pay cmmites ad pames i I cCage of idusty pa clce pslOC implmentaln pan, orgai-. spell a forces resons1-2 主令电器主令电器是一种专门发布命令、 的起动、停车、调速及制动等。eamets soul d pay sppcal atein t o publ c opi nin, i det h ifmain reaigto provical munci pa ad Cental c-ns a i

51、d aa ngements t 1 romote educainal ebct_ne_ and poge- of te tyicl expeiec, andce- a g ood scalamo.hee. Secndpes igi n aoveraes LLadig bodis at al e , la - shi, eadng cade sshou dtae te ea d, - a good eample, ad ngothes t o do yu f_t do it ass of othes a nd not tem-is deemi ned not t of-peral Hds of

52、pay organiaton a nd paly m be betsen the actal caacesi of hiea chi ca ca ssiicaion postons put forwa d mel»e s to pree nt "lod rgaton." Tha - opeabe. Eacpay shoud dee lp specic pr ogamm - ad specic . , e ducainpiniles ad leaning rrqurmes i nto opeainal abe t put i plce ys Tgas fomte s

53、pecic workhad caci ng ie pact - ciee rrsils to v»y te <d_atona esus S I oud be tagetd. IHeet pay membe's der.niz!ons a < soud im" - ta-h the main conscousess ,rsig paybuidig a s te fst ronsii>ty ste nghen l eadeshp, ddmonsable scentic t ensue sl d eucat on efctve y Fis, te ls

54、of esonsiiiy Pary cmmie （ladigppry group） t-d, educain - a mjrpoiica t , prmay reponsibiiy fr fecie mpementtln, sengthen lla deshi, caeuB gudig the Seeig do a g ood jb oveal sudy ad sove prbems iI a -ey m aner Progress e - aion by te ga- rots pay buidig this yea, to st udy e ducain a s the .rm - ev_

55、ain organigaiz! on, t I e problms ae may, to caciz, t acountabity Manis esonsie for cmrrde to cnsciusy bea up fis rrsponsi bily pe ope y t tue good cade s, ad good tem,alsto t ue good memI es a nd wi h good eo, both is eampls, ladpaiae i leanig educain, adI y Qacmmand,inpu eougof tme ad enegy ste ng

56、te I id Gude ad cecs ro onwk | rogamme pesna dain, on mporant tsk pesnUydelomet,on e s prbem m sluin,r Iduat onal w ok tse nghe n ths uit to te .sem sudy aI d egon spe ciic gu dance. Ogaizai I n deatment s, tele ad deamet tsteghe n the planing, or.niaton, cord I aion ad gudance, goddesgn, de cmposit

57、 on, ea ch ky aciont 0mpement.Caay out sudy a I d e duain, tey on stil dc ral guie, prrs - e con” I g lye uonlyeI, sep by ste, cmppcin of esonsbily. In seeing te Sterng mt pet cacte y the thinki I g of preveton at vies stdy a nd e ducain, pre_ Ung ruie as - ,pr nt smpl, ding a s mmas meeignots t udget he ed -» onal re “s o tke reorls, custmizd r ach, He ndi ng te meeig, andomspot chhccs brieigs and ote m-ns,tfoous t he pus itide to gr r oo on te pp>y brac, idet unes*tadngof educaion and acua e - a -m up fes-peiece t pr omoe g roo 0deec a n