直击中考题-不定代词-教师版

1、 解题指导:little 与 a little, few与 a few的用法1. 它们在句中都可作主语、宾语或定语。作主语时, 谓语动词大多用形式 。例如: Few of them speak English.(主 I met few (or a few of my friends in the park.(宾 I have a few friends besides you.(定2. little与 a little用于代替或修饰不可数名词; few 与 a few用于代替或修饰可数名词。little 和 few 表示 “ 不多,几乎没有 ” ,在意义上是a little和 a few表示

2、“ 虽少但还有一些 ” ,在意义上是注意a little 可用来修饰 、 或Its a little cold today.Will you please speak up a little so that everybody will hear you?(a little 修饰动词 speak This is a little better than that.在句中出现 few 或 little 时,变反意疑问句时应注意, 后面的附加句用肯定形式 。例如: There is little water in the bottle,?3. Not a few=quite a few(或 man

3、y not a little=much例如:房间里有很多人。not a little 用作状语是 “ 很 ” 的意思 He is not a little tired.他很累。4. few和 little 都可用作形容词,它们的比较级和最高级分别是 。解题指导:many 和 much 的用法1. 共同点:它们在句中都可作主语、 宾语、 定语。 有时也可作状语, 主要用于否定句和疑问句中。 在肯定句中一般用 a lot of ,lots of,plenty of。例如: Many of us are from Shanxi.(主 How many English books do you hav

4、e?(定 I dont have many.(宾 There is not much water there.(定 He has much to do so he cant play football.(宾2. 不同点:many 用来修饰或代替名词,而 much 用来修饰或代替名词。注意many 作主语时, 动词用复数, much 作主语时, 动词用单数。 例如:Many of us(know a little English.Much(have been said.much 可用于形容词、副词比较级之前,而 many 不能。有一种情况例外, ” ” 例如:This classroom is

5、much bigger than that one.He has many more books than I have. (此处 more 后面的是可数名词复数形式,只能用 many more, 不能用 much more 解题指导:neither 和 either 的用法1. 共同点:1 它们都可用作主语、宾语和定语。例如: Neither of the books is good.(主 He phoned neither of us yesterday.(宾 Neither way is correct.(定2 Neither和 either 作定语时,其后的名词都用 。例如:Neith

6、er book gives the answer.There are tall buildings on either side of the road.2. 不同点:neither 是表示 “ 两都不 ” 的否定说法,而 either 是表示 “ 两人或两物中任何一个 ” 的肯定说法。注意:either 作为副词表示 “ 也 ” ,通常用于句末。区别:too , also 。 too 通常用于肯定句的句末;而 also 通常用于肯定句和疑问句中,其位置一般用在 to be之后,其它动词之前。如: Tom has been to Beijing. Mary has been to Beijin

7、g_(96江西 A.neither B.either C.too D.also She is also a teacher. She also likes singing. I cant speak French. My sister cant speak French, . A.neither B.either C.too D.alsoneither 作为副词表示 “ 也不 ” , 常常用于倒装句的开头, 紧跟在一个否定句后面 (当然 nor 也可以这么用 。 那么, 如果是肯定句呢?我们要用 ,依然是倒装语句。例如:I cant sing an English song. Neither

8、can he.I can sing an English song. So can he.还应注意 neither 和 so 后面的助动词和情态动词其后的主语在人称、时态方面保持一致。neither 和 either 在句中作主语时,谓语动词必须用neither 本身表示否定,其后不能再用否定式。如:两个答案都不对。【误】 Neither answer isnt right. 【正】 Neither answer is right.either 与 not 连用表示 “ 两者都不 ” ,此时相当于 neither 。如:I dont want either of them=I want nei

9、ther of them. 我两个都不想要。 解题指导:some,something,any,anything 的用法首先, some 多用于肯定句, any 多用于否定句、疑问句或条件从句,在句中可作主语、宾语或定语。例如: Some are reading, others are writing.(主 I have some questions to ask.(定 Have you any French book?(定 Yes, I have some.(宾其次, some 和 any 皆可修饰可数名词和不可数名词。something/anything与 some/any的用法类似。注意有

10、些疑问句表示请求、建议时多用 some ,而不用 any 。例如:Will you please give me some paper?Why dont you buy some bananas?复合不定代词一般不用作定语,可作主语、宾语或表语。如:Everyone is here.Something is wrong with your bike.Have you anything to say?Thats nothing.复合不定代词被定语所修饰时,定语则往往放在它们的。例如:There is nothing wrong with the machine.Is there(重要的事情 in

11、 todays newspaper?复合不定代词都表示 单数概念 ,谓语应用 。例如:Nobody is absent.Is anything wrong with your watch? 解题指导:all 的用法1.all 用来指三个或三个以上的人或物(指两个人或事物应用 both ,它在句中可做主语、表语、宾语、同位语或定 语。当它用作定语时,大多数情况下修饰复数名词,当然也可以修饰不可数名词。例如:All the teachers were having a meeting when I came in.Thats all for today.2.all 与物主代词、指示代词及定冠词连用

12、时,往往放在它们的前面。如:【正】 All my books are on the table. 【误】 My all books are on the table.【正】 Are all the things in the car now?注意当 all 作主语时,表示 “ 整体事物 ” , ,表示 “ 所有的人或物 ” , 用复数 。例如:All is ready.All are welcome.all 的对应词为 none; both的对应词为 neither ,当它们作主语时应注意谓语动词的单复数变化。例如:Both of themNeither of them (be late for school.all, both与 not 连用时并不表示全部否定,而表示部分否定。例如:All the teachers do not live in this street.