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1、讲述中考试题与不定代词            纵观近年来的中考英语试题,不难发现大多数省、市对不定代词从不同角度都做了考查。本人从教数年, 认为不定代词是英语教学中的难点,且贯穿于教材中。很多考生对此模棱两可,似是而非。鉴于此,笔者仅从 中考试题的考查范围中来谈一下不定代词的运用。旨在对考生有所裨益。     试题类型一     1.I have three pens.One is red,_tw

2、o are black.(河北)     A.another B.other     C.the other D.the others     2.I have two sisters.One is a farmer,_is a driver.(乌鲁木齐)     A.other B.others     C.the other D.another     

3、解题指导:other与another的用法     共同点:     它们都有名词和形容词的作用,在句中都可作主语、宾语和定语。例如:     I have two pens.One is new,the other is old.(主)     I have two photos here.You have seen one.Now I''ll show you the other.(宾)   &#

4、160; Would you like to have another cup of tea?(定)     不同点:     )other的复数是others,所有格是other''s或others'',它可以与定冠词the连用,即the other,指两个 中的“另一个”。还可接复数名词,表示“其余的”;the others是指一定范围内的“其余的”;others 是泛指“其他的(人或物)”,并没有一定的范围限制。     )ot

5、her既可以修饰单数名词,也可以修饰复数名词:another指至少有三个以上的“另一个”,它是由 an和other合并而成,可代替或修饰单数可数名词,也可修饰复数可数名词,且不与冠词连用。 来源:论文下载网     注意:     有时在比较结构中,要用other限定比较对象,使意义更为明显。例如:     The room is bigger than any other room in the house.这个房间比房子里的其它任何房间都大。   &#

6、160; 某人或某物在与同类几人或几事物进行比较时,应用“比较级than any other 单数名词any of the other 复数名词”形式。例如:     汤姆比他班上的其他任何男孩都高。     【误】Tom is taller than any boy in his class.     【正】Tom is taller than any other boy in his class.     【正】Tom i

7、s taller than any of the other boys in his class.     (试题类型一答案:)     试题类型二     1.There is _water left in the thermos.     Would you go and get some?(河北)     A.little B.a little C.few D.a few 2.Jack ha

8、s a few friends in China.(广东) A.some B.any C.many D.much     3.There are several bottles on the desk.(天津)     A.a lot of B.many C.a few D.few     4.We had_people this year than we had last year.(陕西)     A.little B.less C

9、.few D.fewer     解题指导:little与a little,few与a few的用法     它们在句中都可作主语、宾语或定语。作主语时,谓语动词大多用复数形式。例如: 来源:论文下载网     Few of them speak English.(主)     I met few (or a few) of my friends in the park.(宾)     I hav

10、e a few friends besides you.(定)     2.little与a little用于代替或修饰不可数名词;few与a few用于代替或修饰可数名词。little和few表示 “不多,几乎没有”,在意义上是否定的,a little和a few表示“虽少但还有一些”,在意义上是肯定的。     注意:     A.a little 可用来修饰形容词、动词或形容词(副词)的比较级。例如: It''s a little cold today.

11、     This is a little better than that.     Will you please speak up a little so that everybody will hear you?(a little 修饰动词speak)     B.在句中出现few或little时,变反意疑问句时应注意,后面的附加问句应用肯定形式。例如:     There is little water in the bott

12、le,is there?     C.Not a few=quite a few(或many)     not a little=much 例如:     There are not a few people in the room.房间里有很多人。     There is not a little time left.还剩下挺多时间。     not a little 用作状语是“很”的意思

13、    He is not a little tired.他很累。     4.few和little都可用作形容词,它们的比较级和最高级分别是fewer,fewest;less,least。     (试题类型二答案:1.A 2.A 3.C 4.D)     试题类型三 来源:论文下载网     1.I am_stronger than my sister.(宁夏) A.very B.quite

14、C.too D.much 2.Mary has six apples.Her brother has three.     She has_apples than he.(湖南) A.few B.many C.more D.fewer     解题指导:many和much的用法     共同点:     它们在句中都可作主语、宾语、定语。有时也可作状语,主要用于否定句和疑问句中。在肯定句中一般用 a lot of ,lots of,pl

15、enty of。例如: Many of us are from Shanxi.(主)     How many English books do you have?(定)     I don''t have many.(宾)     There is not much water there.(定)     He has much to do so he can''t play football.(宾)

16、    不同点:     many用来修饰或代替可数名词,而much用来修饰或代替不可数名词。     注意:A.many作主语时,动词用复数,much作主语时,动词用单数。例如:     Many of us know a little English.     Much has been said.     B.much可用于形容词、副词比较级之前,而m

17、any不能。但如果many后修饰more,more代替或修饰可数名词复 数时,前面只能用many,而不能用much。例如:     This classroom is much bigger than that one. He has many more books than I have.     (试题类型三答案: ) 来源:论文下载网     试题类型四     1.Neither they nor she has vistied

18、 the village.     They_visited the village.She_visited the village_.(宁夏)(改为两个简单句)     2.You don''t like the same colours and I don''t like them._(湖南) A.too B.also C.either D.neither     3.I asked Kate and Mary to come for a

19、talk,but_of them came.(云南) A.both B.either C.neither D.few     解题指导:neither和either的用法     共同点:     )它们都可用作主语、宾语和定语。     例如:Neither of the books is good.(主)     He phoned neither of us yesterday.(宾) &#

20、160;   Neither way is correct.(定)     I don''t think either of them is at home.(主) Here are two knives.You can take either of them.(宾)     There are shops on either side of the street.(定)     )Neither和either作定语时,其后的名词

21、都用单数。例如:     Neither book gives the answer.     There are tall buildings on either side of the road.     不同点:     neither是表示“两都不”的否定说法,而either是表示“两人或两物中任何一个”的肯定说法。     注意:     A.ei

22、ther作为副词表示“也”,不同于too,also,either通常用于否定句的末尾,too通常用于肯定句的句 末;而also通常用于肯定句和疑问句中,其位置一般用在to be之后,其它动词之前。如:     Tom has been to Beijing.Mary has been to Beijing_(江西) 来源:论文下载网     A.neither B.either C.too D.also     此题应选C。     S

23、he is also a teacher.     She also likes singing.     I can''t speak French.My sister can''t speak French,either.     B.neither作为副词表示“也不”,常常用于倒装句的开头,紧跟在一个否定句后面(当然nor也可以这么 用)。那么,如果是肯定句呢?我们要用so,依然是倒装语句。例如:    &#

24、160;I can''t sing an English song.Neither can he.     I can sing an English song.So can he.     还应注意neither和so后面的助动词和情态动词其后的主语在人称、时态方面保持一致。     C.neither和either在句中作主语时,谓语动词必须用单数形式。如:     Neither of them knows Jap

25、anese. Either of them knows English.     D.neither本身表示否定,其后不能再用否定式。如:     两个答案都不对。     【误】Neither answer isn''t right.     【正】Neither answer is right.     E.either与not连用表示“两者都不”,此时相当于neither。如

26、:     I don''t want either of them=I want neither of them.我两个都不想要。     (试题类型四答案:1.haven''t;hasn''t,either 2.C 3.C)     试题类型五     1.There isn''t_in today''s newspaper.(河南)  

27、60;  A.anything interesting     B.something interesting 来源:论文下载网     C.nothing interesting     D.interesting anything     2.Haven''t you forgotten_?(云南)     _?Oh.I forgot my bag. 

28、60;   A.anything.Excuse me     B.something.Excuse me     C.something.Pardon     D.everything.Pardon     3.Hello,John!Come here please.I have_to tell you.     A.important something  

29、;   B.something important     C.important anything     D.important nothing(甘肃)     4.Are there_students in the classroom?(乌鲁木齐) A.any B.some C./ D.the     5."Mum,Ann''s coming tonight.Let'

30、's give her_to eat.""Good idea!"(江西)     A.anything nice B.nice anything     C.something nice D.nice something     解题指导:some,something,any,anything的用法     首先,some多用于肯定句,any多用于否定句、疑问句或条件从句,在句中可作主语、宾语或定语

31、。例如: Some are reading,others are writing.(主)     I have some questions to ask.(定)     Have you any French book?(定)     Yes,I have some.(宾)     其次,some和any皆可修饰可数名词和不可数名词。     something/anything与some/an

32、y的用法类似。     注意:     A.有些疑问句表示请求、建议时多用some,而不用any。例如: 来源:论文下载网     Will you please give me some paper?     Why don''t you buy some bananas?     B.复合不定代词一般不用作定语,可作主语、宾语或表语。如:    &

33、#160;Everyone is here.     Something is wrong with your bike.     Have you anything to say? That''s nothing.     C.复合不定代词被定语所修饰时,定语则往往放在它们的后面。例如:     There is nothing wrong with the machine.    

34、60;Is there anything important in today''s newspaper?     D.复合不定代词都表示单数概念,谓语应用单数形式。例如: Nobody is absent.     Is anything wrong with your watch?     (试题类型五答案:1.A 2.C 3.B 4.A 5.C)     试题类型六     1.All the_are ready to run(run).(云南)     2.Of all the_(play) who do you like best?(山西)     解题指导:all的用法     1.all用来指三个或三个以上的人或物(指两个人或事物应用both),它在句中

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