第五版内科词汇

1、急性上呼吸道感染 acute upper respiratory tract infection普通感冒 common cold 、流行性感冒 influenza急性气管支气管炎 acute tracheobronchitis慢性支气管炎 chronic bronchitis慢性阻塞性肺病 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ,COPD阻塞性肺气肿 obstructive pulmonary emphysema肺源性心脏病 cor pulmonale慢性肺源性心脏病 chronic pulmonary heart disease过敏性肉芽肿病 aller

2、gic granulmatosis急性肺源性心脏病 acute cor pulmonale肺动脉栓塞 pulmonary embolism支气管哮喘 bronchial asthma支气管扩张 bronchiectasiskartagener 综合征呼吸衰竭 respiratory failure急性呼吸窘迫综合征 acute respiratory distress syndrome,ARDS急性肺损伤 acute lung injury,ALI肺炎 pneumonia肺炎球菌肺炎 pneumococcal pneumonia葡萄球菌肺炎 staphylococcus pneumonia克雷

3、白杆菌肺炎 klebsiella pneumonia军团菌病 legionaires disease厌氧菌 anaerobe肺炎支原体肺炎 mycoplasmal pneumonia肺炎支原体 mycoplasma pneumoniae肺炎衣原体 Chlamydia pneumoniae严重急性呼吸综合征 severe acute respiratory syndrome冠状病毒 coronavirus肺念珠菌病 pulmonary candidiasis肺曲菌病 pulmonary aspergillosis肺脓肿 lung abscess肺结核 pulmonary tuberculosis

4、间质性肺疾病 interstitial lung disease ,ILD特发性肺纤维化 idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis,IPF肺泡蛋白质沉积症 pulmonary alveolar proteinosis,PAPGoodpasture综合征 肺出血-肾炎综合征特发性含铁血黄素沉着症 idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis外源性变应性肺泡炎 extrinsic allergic alveolitis矽肺 silicosis结节病 sarcoidosis冻疮样狼疮 lupus pernio （frostbite 冻伤）原发性支气管肺癌 p

5、rimary bronchogenic carcinoma,lung cancer副癌综合征 paraneoplastic syndrome上沟癌 pancoast 癌肥大性肺性骨关节病 hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy抗利尿激素分泌失调综合征 syndrome of inappropriate antiduretic hormone secretion,SIADHS胸腔积液 pleural effusion气胸 pneumothorax心力衰竭 heart failure充血性心力衰竭 congestive heart failure心功能障碍

6、cardiac dysfunction心律失常 cardiac arrhythmia触发活动 triggered activity后除极 afterdepolarization心室晚电位 late ventricular potential窦房结恢复时间 sinus node recovery time,SNRT窦房传导时间 sinoatrial conduction time,SACT窦性心动过速 sinus tachycardia窦性心动过缓 sinus bradycardia窦性停搏 sinus pause or sinus arrest窦房传导阻滞 sinoatrial block病态

7、窦房结综合征 sick sinus syndrome心动过缓-心动过速综合征 bradycardia-tachycardia syndrome固有心率 intrinsic heart rate房性期前收缩 atrial premature beats房性心动过速 atrial tachycardia自律性房性心动过速 automatic atrial tachycardia折返性房性心动过速 reentrant atrial tachycardia紊乱性房性心动过速 chaotic atrial tachycardia阵发性房性心动过速 paroxysmal atrial tachycardi

8、a房颤 atrial fibrillation房室交界性期前收缩 premature atrioventricular junctional beats房室交界性逸搏 AV junctional escape beats房室交界区心律 AV junctional rhythm非阵发性房室交界区性心动过速 nonparoxysmal atrioventricular junctional tachycardia阵发性室上性心动过速 paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia,PSVT房室结折返性心动过速 atrioventricular nodal reent

9、rant tachycardia房室折返性心动过速 atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia预激综合征 preexcitation syndrome室性期前收缩 premature ventricular beats室性并行心律 ventricular parasystole室性心动过速 ventricular tachycardia加速性心室自主心律 accelerated idioventricular rhythm尖端扭转 torsades de pointes心室扑动 ventricular flutter心室颤动 ventricular fibri

10、llation房室传导阻滞 atrioventricular blockLyme病室内传导阻滞 intraventricular block右束支阻滞 right bundle branch block左束支阻滞 left bundle branch block左前分支阻滞 left anterior fascicular block左后分支阻滞 left posterior fascicular block双分支阻滞 bifascicular block三分支阻滞 trifascicular block致心律失常型右室心肌病 arrhythmogenic right ventricular

11、cardiomyopathy心脏性猝死 sudden cardiac death心脏骤停 cardiac arrest无脉搏性电活动 pulseless electrical activity,PEA捶击复律 thumpversion咳嗽复律 cough version埋藏式心脏复律除颤器 implantable cardioverter defibrillator,ICD人工心脏起搏 artificial cardiac pacing起搏器 pacemaker多部位心脏起搏 multisite cardiac pacing双心房起搏 biatrial pacing双心室起搏 biventri

12、cular pacing双灶起搏 bifocal pacing心脏电复律 cardioversion心脏电除颤 defibrillation经皮穿刺腔内冠状动脉成形术 percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty PTCA经皮穿刺冠状动脉内支架安置术 percutaneous intracoronary stent implantation经皮穿刺球囊肺动脉瓣成形术 percutaneous balloon pulmonic valvuloplasty,PBPV经皮穿刺球囊二尖瓣成形术 percutaneous balloon mitral va

13、lvuloplasty,PBMV心导管消融 catheter ablation先天性心血管病 congenital cardiovascular disease单纯肺动脉口狭窄 isolated pulmonic stenosis主动脉口狭窄 aortic stenosis主动脉缩窄 coarctation of the aorta单纯肺动脉扩张 idiopathic dilatation of the pulmonary artery原发性肺动脉高压 primary pulmonary hypertension双侧上腔静脉 persistent left superior vena cava

14、右位心 isolated dextrocardia心房间隔缺损 atrial septal defect部分性肺静脉畸形引流 partial anomalous pulmonary venous drainage心室间隔缺损 ventricular septal defect动脉导管未闭 patent ductus arteriosus主动脉窦动脉瘤破裂入右心 rupture of aortic sinus aneurysm into right heart主肺动脉间隔缺损 aortico-pulmonary septal defect冠状动静脉瘘 coronary arterio-venou

15、s fistula法洛四联症 tetralogy of Fallot法洛三联症 trilogy of Fallot完全性大血管错位 complete transpositon of the great vessels完全性肺静脉畸形引流 total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage艾森门格综合征 Eisenmengers syndrome三尖瓣下移畸形 Ebsteins anomaly动脉干永存 persistent truncus arteriosus肺动静脉瘘 pulmonary arteriovenous fistula高血压 hypertentio

16、n原发性高血压 primary hypertension继发性高血压 secondary hypertension胰岛素抵抗 insulin resistance动态血压监测 ambulatory blood pressure monitoring,ABPM白大衣性高血压 white coat hypertension单纯收缩期高血压 isolated systolic hypertension利尿剂 diuretic受体阻滞剂 beta blocker钙通道阻滞剂 calcium channel blocker,CCB血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂 ACE inhibitors血管紧张素II受体阻滞

17、剂 angiotensin II receptor blocker受体阻滞剂 alpha blocker动脉粥样硬化 atherosclerosis小动脉硬化 arteriolosclerosis动脉中层钙化 monckeberg arteriosclerosis高密度脂蛋白 high density lipoprotein低密度脂蛋白 low density lipoprotein极低密度脂蛋白 very low density lipoprotein,VLDL载脂蛋白A apoprotein A血栓素A2 thromboxane A2,TXA2血小板源生长因子 platelet deriv

18、ed growth factor,PDGF成纤维细胞生长因子 fibroblast growth factor,FGF不饱和脂酸 unsaturated fatty acid冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病 coronary atherosclerotic heart disease冠状动脉性心脏病 coronary heart disease缺血性心脏病 ischemic heart disease心绞痛 angina pectoris稳定型心绞痛 stable angina pectoris初发型心绞痛 initial onset angina pectoris恶化型心绞痛 progressive

19、 angina pectoris卧位型心绞痛 angina decubitus变异型心绞痛 Prinzmetal angina, variant angina pectoris急性冠状动脉功能不全 acute coronary insufficiency梗死后心绞痛 postinfarction angina pectoris心肌梗死 myocardial infarction乳头肌功能失调或断裂 dysfunction or rupture of papillary muscle心脏破裂 rupture of heart栓塞 embolism心室壁瘤 cardiac aneurysm心肌梗死

20、后综合征 postinfarction syndrome重组组织型纤维蛋白溶酶原激活剂 recombinant tissuetype plasminogen activator,rt-PA无症状型冠心病 latent coronary heart disease缺血性心肌病 ischemic cardiomyopathy猝死 sudden death心脏瓣膜病 valvular heart disease风湿性心脏病 rheumatic heart disease二尖瓣狭窄 mitral stenosis二尖瓣关闭不全 mitral incompetence主动脉狭窄 aortic steno

21、sis血管减压反应 vasodepressor response细迟脉 pulsus tardus血管发育不良 angiodysplasia主动脉关闭不全 aortic incompetence三尖瓣狭窄 tricuspid stenosis三尖瓣关闭不全 tricuspid incompetence肺动脉瓣狭窄 pulmonary stenosis肺动脉瓣关闭不全 pulmonary incompetence多瓣膜病 multivalvular heart disease感染性心内膜炎 infective endocarditis自体瓣膜心内膜炎 native valve endocardi

22、tisRoth 斑Olsler结节Janeway损害最小抑菌浓度 minimum inhibitory concentration,MIC人工瓣膜心内膜炎 prothetic valve endocarditis静脉药瘾心内膜炎 endocarditis in intravenous drug abusers特异性心肌疾病 specific heart muscle disease特异性心肌病 specific cardiomyopathy扩张型心肌病 dilated cardiomyopathy,DCM肥厚型心肌病 hypertrophic cardiomyopathy,HCM特发性肥厚型主

23、动脉瓣下狭窄 idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis,IHSS非对称性心室间隔肥厚 asymmetric septal hypertrophy,ASH限制型心肌病 restrictive cardiomyopathy,RCM致心律失常型右室心肌病 arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy,ARVC未分类心肌病 unclassified cardiomyopathies,UCM酒精性心肌病 alcoholic cardiomyopathy围生期心肌病 peripartal cardiomyopat

24、hy药物性心肌病 drug-induced cardiomyopathy克山病 Keshan disease,KD地方性心肌病 endemic cardiomyopathy,ECD心肌炎 myocarditis梅毒性心血管病 syphlitic cardiovascular disease间歇性跛行 intermittent claudication雷诺综合征 Raynaud syndrome血栓性静脉炎 thrombophlebitis蓝色炎性疼痛症 phlegmasia cerulean dolens白色炎性疼痛症 phlegmasia alba dolens心血管神经症 cardiova

25、scular neurosisCullen 征胃食管反流病 gastroesophageal reflux disease,GERD食管下括约肌 lower esophageal sphincter,LES一过性LES松弛 transit lower esophageal sphincter relaxation,TLESRBarret 食管H2受体拮抗剂 H2 receptor antagonist,H2RA质子泵抑制剂 proton pump inhibitor,PPI食管癌 carcinoma of esophagus胃炎 gastritis急性胃炎 acute gastritis急性糜

26、烂出血性胃炎 acute erosive and hemorrhagic gastritis急性蜂窝织炎 acute phlegmonous gastritis非甾体抗炎药 non-steroid anti-inflammatory drug,NSAIDcurling溃疡cushing溃疡慢性胃炎 chronic gastritis肠腺化生 intestinal metaplasia不典型增生 dysplasia肥厚性高酸分泌性胃病 hypertrophic hypersecretory gastropathy急性腐蚀性胃炎 acute corrosive gastritis消化性溃疡 pep

27、tic ulcer胃溃疡 gastric ulcer GU十二指肠溃疡 duodenal ulcer DU胃癌 gastric cancer胃腺癌 gastric adenocarcinoma皮革状胃 linitis plastica结节性架板样肿块 blumer shelf肠结核 intestinal tuberculosis跳跃征象 Stierlin sign炎症性肠病 inflammatory bowel disease IBD溃疡性结肠炎 ulcerative colitis直肠癌 carcinoma of the colon and rectum癌胚抗原 carcino-embryo

28、nic antigen CEA功能性胃肠病 functional gastrointestinal disorders功能性消化不良 functional dyspepsia FD肠易激综合征 irritable bowel syndrome,IBS慢性腹泻 chronic diarrhea溶质差 solute gap弗-莫综合征主要组织相容性复合体 major histocompatibility complex,MHC凋亡 apoptosis痕迹细胞 pit cell酒精性肝病 alcoholic liver disease自身免疫性肝炎 autoimmune hepatitis AIH抗

29、肝肾微粒体抗体 liver-kidney microsomal antibodies LKMI抗可溶性肝细胞抗体 antibodies to soluble liver antigen,anti-SLA抗肝胰抗体 anti liver-pancreas肝硬化 cirrhosis of liver经颈静脉肝内门体分流术 trans-jugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt,TIPS原发性胆汁性肝硬化 primary biliary cirrhosis原发性肝癌 primary carcinoma of the liver肝性脑病 hepatic encep

30、halopathy HE肝性昏迷 hepatic coma门体分流性脑病 porto-systemic encephalopathy,PSE亚临床或隐性肝性脑病 subclinical or latent HE扑翼样震颤 flapping tremor ,asterixis急性胰腺炎 acute pancreatitis慢性胰腺炎 chronic pancreatitis胰腺癌 carcinoma of the pancreas结核性腹膜炎 tuberculous peritonitis上消化道出血 upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage食管贲门黏膜撕裂综合征 Ma

31、llory-Weiss 综合征胃黏膜下恒径动脉破裂 Dieulafoy病血管加压素 vasopressin生长抑素 somatostatin近球旁器 juxtaglomerular apparatus红细胞生成激素 erythropoietin EPO急性肾小球肾炎 acute glomerulonephritis急进性肾小球肾炎 rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis慢性肾小球肾炎 chronic glomerulonephritis隐匿型肾小球肾炎 latent glomerulonephritis肾病综合征 nephrotic syndrome轻微病

32、变性肾小球肾炎 minimal change glomerulonephritis局灶节段性病变 focal segmental lesions弥漫性肾小球肾炎 diffuse glomerulonephritis膜性肾病 membranous nephropathy增生性肾炎 proliferative glomerulonephritis系膜增生性肾小球肾炎 mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis毛细血管内增生性肾小球肾炎 endocapillary proliferative glomerulonephritis系膜毛细血管性肾小球肾炎 me

33、sangial capillary glomerulonephritis致密沉积物性肾小球肾炎 dense deposit glomerulonephritis新月体性肾小球肾炎 crescentic glomerulonephritis硬化性肾小球肾炎 sclerosing glomerulonephritis未分类的肾小球肾炎 unclassified glomerulonephritisTamm-Horsfall 蛋白肺出血-肾炎综合征 Goodpasture 综合征Alport 综合征无症状性血尿或/和蛋白尿 asymptomatic hematuria and/or proteinu

34、riaIgA肾病 IgA nephropathy急性间质性肾炎 acute interstitial nephritis,AIN慢性间质性肾炎 chronic interstitial nephritis,CIN尿路感染 urinary tract infection肾小管性酸中毒 renal tubular acidosis,RTAFanconi综合征肾动脉狭窄 renal artery stenosis肾血管性高血压 renal vascular hypertension缺血性肾脏病 ischemic nephropathy肾动脉栓塞 renal artery embolism肾动脉血栓

35、renal artery thrombosis良性小动脉性肾硬化症 benign arteriolar nephrosclerosis恶性小动脉性肾硬化症 malignant arteriolar nephrosclerosis肾静脉血栓 renal vein thrombosis,RVT急性肾衰竭 acute renal failure横纹肌溶解 rhabdomyolysis慢性肾衰竭 chronic renal failure血液病 hematology输血医学 transfusion medicine造血干细胞 hemapoietic stem cell ,HSC异质性 heteroge

36、neous家族性非溶血性黄疸 Gilbert综合征遗传性球形细胞增多症 hereditary spherocytosis再障危象 aplastic crisis葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶 glucose-6-dehydrogenase,G6PD蚕豆病 favism血红蛋白病 hemoglobinopathy海洋性贫血 thalassemia自身免疫性溶血性贫血 antoimmune hemolytic anemia,AIHA直接抗人球蛋白试验 Coombs test阵发性睡眠性血红蛋白尿 paroxysmal nocturnal homoglobinuria,PNH白细胞减少 leukopenia粒细胞减少症 granulocytopenia粒细胞缺乏症 agranunocyt