情态动词复习课件

1、12英语专项复习英语专项复习情态动词情态动词l概念：概念： 情态动词是表示情态意义的动词，他表示说情态动词是表示情态意义的动词，他表示说话人的语气和情态，它不能单独作谓语，必须话人的语气和情态，它不能单独作谓语，必须与实义动词一起构成谓语，情态动词没有人称与实义动词一起构成谓语，情态动词没有人称和数的变化，过去式通常表示更客气、更委婉和数的变化，过去式通常表示更客气、更委婉。 I can speak English .He can speak English. They can speak English, too. Can you help me? / Could you help me?3

2、必须掌握的情态动词：必须掌握的情态动词： can could may might will would must have to need had better should 4考点一：情态动词基本含义考点一：情态动词基本含义can ( could ) 能，能， may (might) 可以，可能可以，可能 will (would) 将，会，愿意将，会，愿意 must 必须必须have to不得不不得不 有人称和数的变化有人称和数的变化5need 需要需要should应该应该had better 最好最好6can/couldl1.能，能够。Can只有一般现在时和一般过去时（could），其后直

3、接跟动词原形，用于一切人称和单复数。其否定式是cannot，常缩写为cant。lI can sing English songs.lCan you sing English songs?lI cant sing English songs.7l2.表示请求和允许。l-Can I go now?l-Yes, you can. /No, you cant.l3.表示客观可能性（客观原因形成的能力）lThis hall can hold 500 people at least.8l4.表示推测（惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度），用于疑问句，否定句和感叹句中。lCan this be true?lThis

4、cant be done by him.lHow can this be true?9may/mightl1.作作“可以可以”讲，表示许可。讲，表示许可。le.g. You may leave now.l2.May I ? 表示请求许可，否定回答时要用表示请求许可，否定回答时要用mustnt，表示，表示“不可不可以以”、“禁止禁止”之意。之意。le.g. l-May I drive your new car? -Yes, you may. / No, you mustnt. 3.作作“可能可能”“”“或许或许”讲，表示推测、用于谈论可能性。讲，表示推测、用于谈论可能性。le.g. He may

5、 be very busy now.l注意：当might在表示推测时，不表示时态，只是might说明的可能性比may还要小一些。le.g. He might be our new classmates.10l4. may 用于祈使句中表示祝愿用于祈使句中表示祝愿。le.g. May you succeed!l5.might比比may的语气更加委婉、客气。的语气更加委婉、客气。lMight I use your pen for a while?11mustl1. must 必须必须,否定式为否定式为must not=mustnt则表示则表示”不不可以可以“”“”禁止禁止“le.g. You mu

6、st come on time.l You mustnt play on the road.l2.回答回答must引出的问句时，如果是否定的回答，不能引出的问句时，如果是否定的回答，不能用用mustnt，而，而要用要用neednt或或dont have to.le.g. Must we hand in our exercise books today?l - Yes, you must./No, you dont have to.123. must be+表语 表示对现在的情况的推测，作”一定“讲。e.g. This must be Lucys clothes.13I. 表示表示”必然性必然性

7、“e.g. Fish will die without water .II.表示表示“意愿意愿”或或“意志意志”e.g. We will help him if he asks us for help. 询问对方的意愿或提出要求，常与询问对方的意愿或提出要求，常与like, love连用，连用，主要用于疑问句中。主要用于疑问句中。e.g. Would you like another cup of tea? Will you go with me?will/would14lwould(will的过去式)+动词原形表过去将来.lI promised that I would do my best

8、.lHe wouldnt give in unless he changed his mind.151.Shall在问句中在问句中征求对方意见征求对方意见，与第一、第三人称，与第一、第三人称连用连用e.g. Where shall I wait for you?Shall I get some chalk for you?我去给你拿些粉笔来好吗？2. 陈述句中用于第二、第三人称，意为“必须，应，可能”They shall succeed. 他们一定会成功。 shall/should16l3. should用作情态动词用作情态动词,表示劝告或建议，意表示劝告或建议，意为为”应该应该“，le.g.

9、 We should be strict in all our work.l我们应该严格要求我们所有的工作。17needl1. need作情态动词用于一般疑问句和否定句，其肯作情态动词用于一般疑问句和否定句，其肯定回答用定回答用must, 否定回答用否定回答用neednt.e.g. - Need I finish the work today? - Yes, you must./ No, you neednt.2. need用作及物动词，其后的宾语可以是名词、动词不用作及物动词，其后的宾语可以是名词、动词不定式、动名词、代词。用法与其它行为动词一样，有定式、动名词、代词。用法与其它行为动词一样

10、，有人称和数的变化。人称和数的变化。e.g. - Does he need to wash his hand? - Yes, he does./ No, he doesnt.18sb need to do sth Sth need to be done.sth need doing .I need to look up the word in the dictionary.My watch needs mending/ to be mended.19had betterlhad better 相当于一个助动词，后跟动词原形。它只有一种形式，没有has/have better 这种表达。它的否定

11、式是在后面加not。e.g. 1. We had better go now. 2. Wed better not cry.201.-_ you speak Japanese ?(北京北京2008） -No, I cant A. Can B. Must C. May D. Should2.You _ stop when the traffic light is red.(山西）山西） A. can B. may C. must D. need3.LiLei cant go hiking with us today .Because he_take care of his sick mother

12、 .(温州）温州）A .has to B .may C. mustnt D .need tACA21考点二：表猜测语气的情态动词考点二：表猜测语气的情态动词表猜测性的情态动词有：表猜测性的情态动词有：may ， cant ， must 。may表没把握的猜测。表没把握的猜测。He may/might be a foreigner.cant 表有把握的否定猜测。表有把握的否定猜测。That man cant be our head teacher, because he has gone to Shanghai.must 表有把握的肯定猜测表有把握的肯定猜测He must be hungry,

13、he has worked in the fields all the afternoon.221.The light in the office is off. The teacher _be there now.（南通）（南通） A. may B. cant C. mustnt D. must2.His parents bought him a large house . It _be very expensive（宁夏）（宁夏）A. must B. can C. mustnt D. cant BA23考点三：情态动词开头的疑问句的答语考点三：情态动词开头的疑问句的答语 句型句型肯定回答肯

14、定回答否定回答否定回答Can IYes, you can .No, you cant .May I Yes ,you may.No, you mustnt.No, you cant.Must IYes, you must.No, you neednt.No, you dont have to Need IYes, you must.No, you neednt241.Must I take the keyboard to the office now ?-No, you _.You can do it later. A.mustnt B . cant C . dont D. neednt2.M

15、ay I take this book out of the reading room?-No, you _. You must read it here. A. may not B .dont have to C. mustnt D. neednt DC25考点四：易混词的辨析考点四：易混词的辨析（一）一）must 与与have to We _study hard .We _stay at home because it is raining.提示：must 表主观看法，意为“必须”。 have to表客观需要，意为“不得不”（二）（二）maybe与与may be _he is right

16、. It_ rainy tomorrow.提示：may 为情态动词后接动词原形。Maybe为副词意思为“大概，也许”musthave toMaybemay be26考点四：易混词的辨析考点四：易混词的辨析（三）can与be able to I_ speak English now.My sister _ speak English two years ago. My brother _ speak English in the future.提示；can 只有现在和过去时（could） be able to可用于任何时态中。表示将来具备的能力 ， 要用will be able to（四）can

17、t 与mustnt cant 表“不可能”。mustnt表“禁止，不许”。can/am able tocould/was able to will be able to27 1-How is your friends coming?1-How is your friends coming? -Im not sure. He _drive here. -Im not sure. He _drive here. A may B. can C. must D. will A may B. can C. must D. will 2(2(2008. 2008. 江西江西) )If the traffi

18、c is red ,you If the traffic is red ,you _cross the road .Its very _cross the road .Its very dangerous .dangerous . A dont B. mustnt A dont B. mustnt C. neednt D. wouldnt C. neednt D. wouldntAB283.(3.(2009.2009.江西江西)-Susan has bought a large )-Susan has bought a large house with a swimming pool.hous

19、e with a swimming pool. -It _be very expensive, I never -It _be very expensive, I never even dream about it .even dream about it . A must B. might C .cant D. shouldnt A must B. might C .cant D. shouldnt4.(4.(2009.2009.襄樊襄樊）-Must I get up before six -Must I get up before six oclock tomorrow morning,

20、Dad?oclock tomorrow morning, Dad?-No, you _.Tomorrow is Saturday .You -No, you _.Tomorrow is Saturday .You may get up later.may get up later. A mustnt B. cant A mustnt B. cant C. need t D. may not C. need t D. may not AC295.(5.(2010 2010 江西江西） -How was the youth club -How was the youth club last nig

21、ht ,Mark ? last night ,Mark ? -It was great fun .You _come. -It was great fun .You _come. A must B. can C. should D. may A must B. can C. should D. may 6.6.（2006.2006.威海威海）He needs _her the truth,He needs _her the truth, the flowers need_. the flowers need_. A. to tell, watered. B tell, to water A.

22、to tell, watered. B tell, to water C. tell, watered D to tell ,wateringC. tell, watered D to tell ,wateringCD307.7.（2008.2008.上海上海）-Would you like to come to -Would you like to come to my birthday party?my birthday party? -Id love to .But I _look after my -Id love to .But I _look after my sister.sis

23、ter. A. must B. can C. have to D. need to A. must B. can C. have to D. need to 8.(8.(2009.2009.成都成都）-what would you send to your -what would you send to your sister as the Christmas gift?sister as the Christmas gift? -I havent decided yet .I_ send her -I havent decided yet .I_ send her a hand bag.a

24、hand bag. A. shall B. may C. need D. must A. shall B. may C. need D. mustCB319.(9.(2009.2009.天津天津）-shall I tell Bob the news?-shall I tell Bob the news? -No, you _,Ive told him already. -No, you _,Ive told him already. A. shouldnt B. wouldnt A. shouldnt B. wouldnt C. mustnt D. needntC. mustnt D. nee

25、dnt10.(10.(2007.2007.武汉武汉）wed better _at wed better _at home .The sun is shining.home .The sun is shining. A. stay B not stay C. staying D. not A. stay B not stay C. staying D. not stayingstayingDB32虚拟语气 neednt have done 本来不需要做某事却做了（对过去的虚拟）You neednt buy the coat.你没有必要买那件大衣。（你还没买） You neednt have bo

26、ught the coat.你没有必要买那件大衣（而你却买了）。 should/ought to have done 本应该做某事却未做 Should not/ought not to have done本不应该做某事却做了 She should /ought to have finished the task. must have done 一定做过某事33 might/may have done 本可以做某事却没有做 They might have taken more food with them. could have done 本能做某事却没做 She could have pass

27、ed the examination.34 情态动词+be doing 应/可能正在做某事 She may be writing a letter.35考点总结 l1,单词的意思单词的意思l2情态动词的答语情态动词的答语l3表猜测的情态动词表猜测的情态动词may, cant ,must .l4易混淆的情态动词易混淆的情态动词 can与 be able to ； have to与 must ；maybe与 may be ；cant mustnt注意注意：need的用法；had better 的用法。361.-Mum ,may I watch TV now ?-Sure ,but you _help me with my English. A. can B. may C. must D. could2.Ali