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全国英语等级考试pets3级听力重难点解析全国英语等级考试pets3级听力重难点解析观点态度题型对话中对话者对他们谈论的人或事持什么观点或态度往往含而不露，考生只能根据对话内容的关键词、上下文甚至语气、语调的内涵意义并利用逻辑思维能力来进行判断，才能对传递的信息进行比较深层次的理解。具体表达观点、态度时，可能出现的模式有：间接表达式，不明说赞成或反对;反问否定式，常委婉地表示质疑和反对;委婉谢绝式，先表示肯定、赞成、谢意等，随后说出真实看法;看似否定实为肯定式，如 why not, I cant agree any more 等。常见的提问方式有：How does the man/woman feel about.?What does the man/woman think of.?What does the man/woman say about.?What does the man/woman mean?地点方向题型这种类型的考题主要考查学生对对话地点及人物去向的判断。其中既有直接提问的，也有间接提问的。常见的提问形式有：Where does the conversation probably take place?Where is the woman going?Where are the two speakers?在这类考题中，选项大部分是表示地点场所的名词，同时需注意这些名词前的介词，如in a bank, in a dining-room, at the airport, at home, on the desk, on the floor等，这些介词对判断场所非常有帮助。另外，考生应集中注意力去捕捉那些“关键词”，抓住了“关键词”，做题就容易多了。以下是一些常考的地点及相关词，也就是刚才提及的“关键词”，需重点记忆：学校(school)：required course, elective course, quiz, professor, thesis, make-up, credits, master, dormitory, department, lecture, essay, bookshelf, application form, entrance.旅馆(hotel)：reception, book, reservation, tip, check in, single room, double room.饭店(restaurant)、酒吧(bar)：menu, bill, drink, dessert, soup, steak, beer, appetizer, barbecue, cheese, cream, roast, beer, drink, wine, cafeteria, dining, saloon, pub, snack, bar, recipe.商店(department store)：supermarket, dress, color, style, fashion, price, bargain, reasonable.医疗(medical treatment)：doctor, nurse, patient, surgery, operation, medicine, dose, pill, temperature, headache, sore throat, bad cold, fever, cough, stomachache, heart disease, cancer.火车(railway)、汽车(motor)、飞机(airplane)等交通设施：platform, traffic jam, airport, arrival time, departure, ticket agent, take off, board, land, flight, airlines, freight, passport, visa.练习：1. What does the woman mean?A She knows the guy who will give the lecture.B She thinks the lecture might be informative.C She wants to add something to her lecture.D Shell finish her report this weekend.2. Who are the two speakers?A Teacher and student.转折题型这种题型出现的频率很高，其特征是：第一个说话人所说的不是十分重要;第二个说话人的答话由两部分组成：先是一个简单的短句，紧接着是一个较长的句子，短句与长句之间常用but, though, however等转折意思的词语连接，从而引起的作者态度及谈论重点的变化。人物身份题型在这类对话中，由于说话人之间的关系不同，其用词、造句、语气都有区别。这是听录音时要抓的关键之一，在此基础上再捕捉有关信息，然后判断、推测人物之间的关系及其身份。这类题比较简单，考生只要抓住那些与职业和身份有关的关键词即可回答。这类题目与询问地点的考题有类似之处。常见的提问形式有：Who is the man/woman?What is the mans/womans job/profession/occupation?What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?Who is the man/woman most probably speaking to?考题中常涉及的职业或人物身份关系及相关信息词有：老师和学生(teacher and student)：grade, mark, score, term, course, assignment, pass, fail, scholarship, tuition, campus, dormitory, lab, experiment.医生和病人(doctor and patient)：fever, cough, cold, headache,injection, prescription, diagnose, temperature, medicine, blood pressure, heart disease, flu, surgery.侍者和顾客(waiter/waitress and customer)：menu, order, reserve, steak, ham, salad, soup, coffee, juice, hamburger, sandwiches, buffet, bar, brandy, whisky, dessert, tip.司机和乘客(driver and passenger)：taxi, fare, get off, change, tip, destination.老板和秘书(boss and secretary)：typing, operating, copy, files, document, report, telephone, appointment, timetable, arrangement.理解归纳题型这类对话题出现的频率很高，问题的答案在对话中没有直接提供。要求考生把谈话中提供的细节作为前提，进行一定的逻辑推理才能找到答案，或根据提供的细节进行归纳得出结论。常见的提问方式有：What does the man/woman imply?What can be inferred from the conversation?What do we learn about the man/woman/conversation?以上的四期节目我们归纳了短对话部分试题所涉及的类型，也许目前你还是有听不懂的地方，its not a big deal, 正因如此，我们才需要不断学习。重要的是你要养成一种灵活运用自己听到的信息并大胆进行推测的习惯。请参考录音原文再听一遍对话，确信自己对于细节部分都可以听出来了，然后自己随着录音跟读一次。短对话部分的复习到此就结束了，下星期我们将进入长对话和短文的复习，希望大家可以继续众众的节目，让我们一起攻克pets-3。练习：6.What does the man imply about Mary?A She wont be able to come. B Shes not going to graduate.C She has a week to do the work. D Shell visit her sister in a week.细节捕捉题细节题主要是指用Wh-问题的形式对短文中有关人名、地名、时间、原因、数据、目的、年代等提出的问题，有时也包括是非判断题。由于是对细节的考查，这类题也有一定的难度。答题时除了要把握准有关细节信息，还要听清提问的角度和具体要求。这类提问方式不拘一格，依考查的内容而异，主要有以下几种形式：According to the passage, when/where/who/what/why/how did.?Which of the following adjectives best describes.?Which of the following (statements)is true/ not true?Which of the following is mentioned/not mentioned?细节题以辨认题居多。有可能几个选项在文章中都有所提及，但只要仔细听，注意分别，就能在原文中找到各自的出处。概括主旨大意此类题型要求考生对听到的内容进行整体的把握和全面的领会。任何一段对话或独白都是围绕一个中心展开的，有时主旨大意较明显，有时则需要归纳。此类题型常见的提问方式有：What are the two speakers talking about?What are the two speakers doing?What is the talk/dialogue about?Whats the topic of the passage?学会细节题的寻找听力考题要求考生听清、听懂事实信息，精确理解具体细节、特殊信息，如时间、地点、人物、价钱、数量、原因、目的、结果等，同时还要对所听到的信息作简单的处理，比如数字的运算、时间顺序、比较筛选、同义转换、因果关系、深层推理等。理解具体信息有助于把握话题内容、领会说话者意图。常见的考查细节题的提问方式有：When should.?What is.?How does the man.?Where is the woman going?Which of the following is right/ture?Why did the speaker.?学会分析问题之间的联系和背景知识的综合应用考生应当在听力开始之前，浏览试卷上的选项，特别是仔细分析几道题之间的联系，并根据常识、背景知识进行积极地预测。主旨大意题顾名思义，主旨大意题要求考生在听懂短文的基础上归纳出短文的主题思想，其中还包括为短文选择最合适的题目和对作者的结论或意图进行判断归纳。这类题目主要着眼于对全篇总体上的理解。此类题常见的提问方式有：What is the main idea/topic/subject/chief purpose of this passage?What is the best title for this passage?What does the passage tell us essentially?What is the subject they are talking about?What did the speaker mainly discuss/talk about?推理判断题这类题型要求考生根据所听到的内容推断出材料所暗示的内容，例如：情节的发展趋势，作者的态度、倾向性等。推断题考查思维的逻辑性，要求能够以语篇为基础进行合理的推测。该类题型常见的提问方式如下：What will be dealt with in the following paragraph?What does the passage probably imply at the end?What can we learn/infer from the passage?What does the author impiy by saying?What does the story imply?这类题型有两个特点：一是难度高;二是逻辑性强。推断题不仅要求考生把握原文信息，还要能够在此基础上合理地进行推断。关键在于这个“合理”的尺度较难把握，因为大部分推断题只要求在材料论述的内容范围内进行推测。如何过多加入自己的理解，可能会超出材料内容，选出错误的结果。练习：Questions 14 are based on a short story.1. How do the housewives learn about the offer of free groceries?A On the radio. B At the supermarket.C From the manager. D From their friends.2. What did Mrs. Edwards want very much?A Get a basket of free goods. B Meet the manager.C Get a free basket. D Fill all her cupboards.3. Why did Mrs. Edwards go back to the supermarket after she had finished shopping one day?A Because she had to meet the manager.B Because she had to buy one more thing.C Because she had to find her shopping.D Because she had to pay for her shopping.4. Which of the following words best describes Mrs. Edwards feeling at the end of this story?A Embarrassed. B Disappointed.C Delighted. D Proud.听力原文All the housewives who went to the supermarket had one great ambition: to be the lucky customer who did not have to pay for her shopping. For this was what the notice just inside the entrance promised. It said:“Remember, once a week, one of our customers gets free groceries. This may be your lucky day!”For several weeks Mrs. Edwards hoped, like many of her friends, to be the lucky customer. Unlike her friends, she never gave up hope. The cupboards in her kitchen were full of things, which she did not need. In vain her husband tried to dissuade her. She dreamed of the day when the manager of the supermarket would approach her and say:“Madam, this is your lucky day. Everything in your basket is free.”One Friday morning, after she had finished her shopping and had taken it to her car, she found that she had forgotten to buy tea. She dashed back to the supermarket, got the tea and went towards the cash desk. As she did so, she saw the manager of the supermarket approach her. “Madam,” he said, holding out his hand,“I want to congratulate you! You are the lucky customer and everything in your basket is free! ”答案：1.B 2.A 3.B 4.B考生在备考长对话时，可参考以下几点技巧：1. 长对话出题的顺序和文章的顺序一致，因此在听力开始前应当充分利用空隙时间迅速浏览四个选项，了解对话大意，做到有的放矢。2. 和听力短文非常相似，长对话在文章开始时就点明文章大意，而且考题中也会考查文章的主题，因此考生在考试时应当集中注意力抓住主题。3. 点明主题后，随后的部分围绕这一主题展开，每个方面的论述类似短对话的问答形式，考试的重点往往落在回答中，因此考生如果能掌握短对话各种题型特点和应试技巧，那么对这类题目就会轻车熟路了。4. 长对话内容比较，题量也比较大，因此适当地做些笔记是非常有必要的。一、 学会听前读选项预测内容对待选项应采取快速阅读的方法，一定要避免逐词阅读，否则就不可能在听录音前看完选项。选项的长短、繁简不一，具体处理方法也要有所不同。选项都比较短时，可采用扫视法。扫读选项，大体了叫内容。当选项较长时，可分两步处理：第一步，纵观全文，以发现其共同成分;第二步，采用竖读方法，着重看区别。选项(尤其是较长的选项)之间往往有相同的内容。练习：Questions 14 are based on a conversation between Irene, a secreatary and her boss Mr. Jerome S. Buck.1. How long will the sales conference in London last?A Form Tuesday to Wednesday. B Form Tuesday to Thursday.C Form Wednesday to Thursday. D Form Thursday to Friday.2. What are they going to discuss at the meeting on Friday morning?A The trade in Scotland. B The industry in Scotland.C The new factory in Scotland. D The site of their new plant in Soctland.3. Where is Mr. Buck going to see Mr. Chambery, the European Manager?A In London. B In Paris. C In Rome. D In Madrid.4. Why must Mr. Buck be back on Friday?A Its his daughters birthday. B Its his son Sharons birthday.C Its his wifes birthday. D Its his friend Sharons birthday.听力原文Questions 14：M：I think wed better go over my schedule, Irene. Im going to have a look at our European operation, as you know, and as Ill be visiting a number of countries, Id like you to make the bookings.W：Right, Mr. Buck. Ill take down the details.M：Well, Im leaving on Tuesday, April 15th, for London. Im going to attend a sales conference for our British representatives. That runs through Wednesday and Thursday, and then theres a reception at
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