语法 Subject-Verb Agreement主谓一致

1、Subject-Verb Agreement主谓一致主谓一致在英语句子里，谓语受主语支配，其动词必须在英语句子里，谓语受主语支配，其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这就叫主谓一和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这就叫主谓一致。寻其规律，大致可归纳为三个原则，即致。寻其规律，大致可归纳为三个原则，即语语法一致、意义一致和就近一致原则。法一致、意义一致和就近一致原则。（一）语法一致原则：语法上一致就是谓语动（一）语法一致原则：语法上一致就是谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。1、以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句

2、作主语时，谓语动词动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语一般用单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。动词用复数形式。 His father is working on the farm. To study English well is not easy. What he said is very important for us all. The children were in the classroom two hours ago. Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.注意：由注意：由what引导的主语从句，

3、后面的谓语动引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式，但若表语是复数或词多数情况用单数形式，但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时，从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时，主句的谓语动词用复数形式。主句的谓语动词用复数形式。What I bought were three English books. What I say and do are helpful to you.2、并列结构做主语：、并列结构做主语：Lucy and Lily are twins. She and I are classmates. The boy and the girl were sur

4、prised when they heard the news. Both she and he are Young Pioneers.（1）由连接词）由连接词and或或both and连接起来的连接起来的合成主语后面，要用复数形式的谓语动词。合成主语后面，要用复数形式的谓语动词。注意注意： 若and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时， 它后面的谓语动词就应用单数形式。如：The writer and artist has come.在noand no;eachand each; every and every; 做主语时，其谓语动词要 用单数形式。如：Every student and eve

5、ry teacher was in the room. No boy and no girl likes it. and 连接的表示同一概念的常见短语如： a horse and cart; a knife and fork a cup and saucer；bread and butter做主语谓语 用单数主语后接主语后接with, together with,along with, as well as, except, but, besides, like,rather than, 等。谓语动词与这些词前的主语一致；等。谓语动词与这些词前的主语一致；Eg；Mary rather than

6、 her friends is responsible for the accident. （2）、就前原则）、就前原则 Mr Green, together with his wife and children, has come to China. Nobody but Jim and Mike was on the playground. She, like you and Tom, is very tall.3、不定代词做主语、不定代词做主语; (1)either, neither, each, every 或no +单数名词 和由something, anything, nothin

7、g, everything,somebody,anybody,等不定代词，做主语谓语用单数。如：Each of us has a new book. Everything around us is matter.注意注意： 在口语中当either/neither of后跟“复数名词（或代词）”作主语时，其谓语动词可用单数也可用复数。如：Neither of the texts is (are) interesting. None of the money is mine（2）all 做主语指人时谓语动词用复数，指物时用单数。 All are present. All is going on v

8、ery well. 若none of后面的名词是不可数名词，它的谓语动词就要用单数；若它后面的名词是复数，它的谓语动词用单数或复数都可以。如：None of us has (have) been to America.在定语从句时，关系代词that, who, which等作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。4、定语从句中的主谓一致、定语从句中的主谓一致He is one of my friends who are working hard. He is the only one of my friends who is working hard.如果集体名词指的是整个集体，它的谓

9、语动词用单数；如果它指集体的成员，其谓语动词就用复数形式。这些词有family, class, crowd, audience, public, army，committee, 等。5,集体名词作主语集体名词作主语Class Four is on the third floor. Class Four are unable to agree upon a monitorMy family is in Beijing. My family are all soccer fans. 注意注意：集体名词people, police, cattle，poultry和复数名词trousers,pants

10、,boots,shoes,socks,glasses等名词作主语谓语一般用作复数但如果这些名词前有 a (the) pair of等量词修饰时，谓语动词用单数。 如：The police are looking for the lost child. The trousers are too long for me. 如： My glasses are broken. The pair of shoes under the bed is his.(1)由“a lot of, lots of, plenty of, the rest of, the majority of + 名词”构成的短语以

11、及由“分数或百分数+名词”构成的短语作主语，其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。(2)more than one/many a +单数n作主语谓语用单数Eg: More than one way has been adopted to stop noise pollution6.含有修饰语的名词作主语：含有修饰语的名词作主语：The rest of the lecture is wonderful. 50% of the students in our class are girls.Two thirds of the tasks have been completed.7, One

12、and a half +复数可数复数可数n作主语，谓语一般用作主语，谓语一般用单数。单数。 One and a half apples is a good meal for the beggar.8,有些有些adj.前加上前加上the:如：如：the old,the blind,the dead,the rich,the poor,the young,the deaf等用等用来表示一类人，其意义为复数，谓语动词需用复来表示一类人，其意义为复数，谓语动词需用复数。数。 eg；The old are taken good care of in our country eg: The injured

13、 have been sent to the hospital.9、在倒装句中、在倒装句中,谓语动词的数应与其后的主语谓语动词的数应与其后的主语 一致。一致。There comes the bus. On the wall are many pictures. Such is the result. Such are the facts.（二）逻辑意义一致原则：逻辑意义一致就是谓（二）逻辑意义一致原则：逻辑意义一致就是谓语动词的数必须和主语的意义一致（因有时主语语动词的数必须和主语的意义一致（因有时主语形式为单数，但意义为复数；有时形式为复数，形式为单数，但意义为复数；有时形式为复数，但意义为

14、单数）但意义为单数）1.、表示“时间、重量、长度、价值”等的名词的复数作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式,这是由于作主语的名词在概念上是一个整体，如：Thirty minutes is enough for the work. Six hundred miles is a long distance2、一些学科名词是以 ics 结尾，如：politics, mathematics, physics 以及news, works等， 都属于形式上是复数的名词，实际意义为单数名词，它们作主语时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。如：The paper works was built in 1990. I thi

15、nk physics isnt easy to study.（三）就近一致原则：在英语句子中，有时谓（三）就近一致原则：在英语句子中，有时谓语动词的人称和数与最近的主语保持一致语动词的人称和数与最近的主语保持一致。1、当两个主语由either or, neither nor, whether or , not only but also连接及在there be句型中，谓语动词和邻近的主语一致。如：Either the teacher or the students are our friends. Neither they nor he is wholly right. Is neither

16、he nor they wholly right?2，在there be 句型中be动词的数与紧跟其后的的主语一致，There are two chairs in the room. There is a desk and two chairs in the room1.I, who_ your friend, will try my best to help you with your English.A.am B.is C.are D.be2. The rich _ not always happy.A.are B.is C.has D.have3. Neither Tom nor Jac

17、k and I _ his students.A.are B.am C.is D.was4. Mary as well as her sisters _ Chinese in China. are studying B. have studied C. studies D. study5. Neither my father nor I _ at home.A.am B.is C.are D.beExercises6. Not only my brother but also I _ good at painting. Both of us _ good painters.,A.are;are

18、 B.am;am C.am;are D.is;is7. Every boy and every girl _ to attend the evening party.A.wish B.wishes C.is like D.like8. Over 80 percent of the population of China _ peasants.A.was B.is C. would be D.are9. The population of China _ larger than that of any other country in the world. A.is B.are C.has D.

19、have10. Every means _ tried but without any result. A. have been B.is to be C.are to be D. has been11. Alice, together with two boys,_ for having broken the rule. A. was punished B. punished C. were punished D. being punished12. The League secretary and the monitor_ asked to attend the meeting this

20、afternoon. A.is B.was C.are D.is being13. The great writer and professor_. A. is an old man B. are both old men C. is an old man and a young man D. were two Chinese 14. There _ a pen, two pencils and three books on the desk. A.are B.is C.has D.have 15. A large number of students in our class_ girls.

21、 A. are B. was C. is D. be16. The number of deer, mountain lions and wild roses _ much if people leave things as they are.A. doesn t change B.dont change C.change D.changed17. The Arabian Nights _ well known to the English.A. is B. are C. was D. were18. Chairman Mao s works _ published.A. has been B

22、.have been C.was D.is19. A chemical works_ built there. A. is to being B.have been C. were to D.has been 20. The Olympic Games _ held every _ years. A.is;four B.are;four C.is;five D.are;five21 .The United States of America _ one of the most developed countries in the world. A.is B.are C.was D.were22

23、.He is the only one of the students who _ elected.A. are B.have C.has D.is23.This is one of the most interesting questions that _ asked.A.have B.has C. have been D.has been24.Many a man _ come to help us.A.have B.has C.is D.are25.All_ present and all_ going on well, our monitor said.A.is;is B.are;ar

24、e C.are;is D.is;are考点分析：考点分析：1. At last，we found ourselves in a pleasant park with trees providing shade and _ down to eat our picnic lunch Asitting Bhaving sat Cto sit Dsat本题考查并列谓语的选择。本题考查并列谓语的选择。found与与sat down应为并列谓语，而其余各项均为非谓应为并列谓语，而其余各项均为非谓语动词形式不能单独作谓语，解题时务必语动词形式不能单独作谓语，解题时务必注意并列连词的作用。注意并列连词的作用。 2. Professo