小升初综合素质测评英语知识考点大汇总

1、-现在进展时：表示：正在发生的事情或进展的动作，常与now,listen,look等词连用。构造：主语+be动词(am, is, are)+动词ing.例如：It is raining now.外面正在下雨It is si* oclock now.现在6点了My parents are reading newspapers in the sitting room.我父母正在客厅看报纸Look! The children are having a running race now.看！孩子们正在赛跑问句将be动词移前，否认句在be动词后+not.一般现在时：表示：经常反复发生的事情或动作，常与o

2、ften, usually, sometimes, always, every day(week year) on Sundays等词连用。构造：主语+动词原形；当主语为第三人称单数即he,she, it, Tom, my mother, the boy等词时，动词后加s或es.例如：We have an English lesson every day.我们每天都要上英语课Do the boys run faster than the girls? Yes, they do.男孩比女孩跑的快吗.是的问句借助于do, does否认句借助于dont, doesnt，后面动词一定要复原。一般过去时

3、：表示：发生在过去的事情或存在的状态，常与just now; a moment ago; ago; yesterday; last ( week; month; year; Monday; weekend); this morning等词连用。构造：主语+be动词的过去式was; were或主语+动词的过去式。注意：be动词与动词过去式不可同时使用。例如：My earphones were on the ground just now.我的耳机刚刚还在呢。Where were you last week? I was at a camp.你上个星期去哪了.我去野营了What did you d

4、o yesterday? I visited a farm。你昨天去干嘛了.我去参观农场了。问句有be动词将be动词移前，没有be动词借助于did，后面动词复原；否认句有be动词在后面加not，没有借助于didn't后面动词复原。一般将来时：表示：将要打算发生的事情或动作，常与tomorrow, ne*t week(year; Tuesday), this week( weekend ;evening; afternoon;)today等词连用。构造：主语+be(am, is, are) going to + 动原或主语+will +动原。例如：What are you going t

5、o do tomorrow? I am going to have a piic.你明天要去干嘛.我要去野餐。The childre are going to have a sports meeting ne*t week.孩子们下个星期将参加运动会。Tom will/is going to see a play with his father this evening.Tom今晚将和父母去看演出。问句将be动词或will移前；否认句在be动词或will后加not.情态动词：can; cant; should; shouldnt; must; may后一定加动词原形。例如：The girl c

6、ant swim, but he can skate.女孩不会游泳，但是会滑冰Dont talk in class, you should listen to the teacher carefully.不要再课上说话，你应该认真听教师讲。祈使句：肯定祈使句以动词原形开头；否认祈使句以dont加动词原形开头。例如：Open the bo* for me ,please.请为我翻开盒子。Liu Tao! Please get up earlier tomorrow.涛，明天请早点起床！Dont walk on the grass!不要在草地上走！Helen! Dont climb the tre

7、e,please.海伦！不要爬树。go的用法：去干嘛用go +动词ing例如：go swimming; go fishing;go skating;go camping;go running;go skiing;go rowing比较：than 前用比较级；asas之间用原级。例如：My mother is two years younger than my father.我妈比我爸年轻两岁。Liu Tao jumps as far as Ben.涛跳得和本一样远。喜欢做*事：用like +动词ing或like+ to + 动原。例如：Su Yang likes growing flowers

8、.阳喜欢种花。The children like to play with lanterns at Spring Festival.孩子们喜欢在春节去玩花灯。想要做*事：用 would like +to+动原或want + to +动原。例如：Id like to visit the History Museum.=I want to visit the History Museum。some：用于肯定句中，在否认句和问句中改为any,但当表示委婉语气时仍用例如：Can I have some writing paper? Would you like some orange juice?代词

9、：人称代词主格做主语用一般放在句首或动词前，主格分别是 I you he she it we you they。宾格做宾语用，一般放在动词或介词后。例如：Open them for me. Let us , join me等。宾格分别是me you him her it us you them。形容词性物主代词放在名词前，不能单独使用，分别是my your his her its our your their名词性物主代词相当于形物加名词，它只能单独使用后面不好加名词，分别是mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs。介词：介词后要么不加动词，加动词只能

10、加动词ing形式例如：be good at running;do well in jumping;时间介词：季节前，月份前用介词in例如：in summer；in March具体的哪一天如星期几，几月几日用介词onon Saturday; on the second of April; on Wednesday morning在几点钟前用介词atat a quarter to four;只在上下午晚上用inin the morning/ afternoon/ evening;但在夜间用at night。另：季节，月份和星期前不好加the.名词复数构成的方法：有规则的有：(1)直接在名词后加s例

11、如：orangeoranges; photophotos;(2) 以*, s, sh, ch 结尾的加es例如：bo*bo*es; glassglasses;waitresswaitresses;watchwatches;peach-peaches(3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加es例如：studystudies；librarylibraries; hobbyhobbies; familyfamilies;(4)以f, fe结尾的改f, fe 为ves例如：knifeknives; thiefthieves注:以o结尾的我们学过的只有mango加es, mangomangoes其余加s,

12、不规则的有：manmen; womanwomen; peoplepeople; childchildren动词第三人称单数的构成：(1)直接在动词后加s例如：runruns; dancedances(2)以s,sh,ch,o结尾的加es例如：dodoes;gogoes;washwashes;catchcatches(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加es例如：studystudies; carrycarries;现在分词的构成：(1)直接在动词后加ing例如：singsinging; skiskiing;(2)双写词尾加ing例如：swimswimming; jogjogging;runrun

13、ning;(3)以不发音的e结尾的去e加ing例如：rideriding; dancedancing; makemaking;规则动词过去式的构成：有规则的有：(1)直接在动词后加ed例如：cleancleaned; milkmilked;playplayed;(2)以e结尾的直接加d例如：dancedanced; tastetasted;(3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加ed例如：studystudied;carrycarried;(4)双写词尾加ed例如：stopstopped; jogjogged;不规则的有：am,iswas; arewere; do,doesdid; have,h

14、ashad; gowent; meetmet; sitsat; seesaw; getgot; telltold; runran; ecame; stealstole; readread;形容词副词比较级的构成：规则的有：(1)直接在形容词或副词后加er例如：smallsmaller; lowlower;(2)以e结尾的加r例如：latelarer;(3)双写词尾加er例如：bigbigger; thinthinner; fatfatter;(4) 以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加er例如：heavyheavier; earlyearlier;不规则的有：good, wellbetter(最高级

15、为best);many, much- more(最高级为most);far-farther;rain与snow的用法：(1)作为名词意思是雨水和雪是不可数名词例如：There is a lot of rain there in spring. 那儿的春天有很多雨水。(2) 作为动词意思是下雨和下雪，有四种形式分别是：动词原形rain， snow；第三人称单数rains ，snows；现在分词raining； snowing过去式rained； snowed;例如：Look! It is raining now.瞧！天正在下雨。It often rains in Nantong in summe

16、r.夏天经常下雨。 It rained yesterday.昨天下了雨。It is going to rain tomorrow. 明天要下雨。(3)形容词为rainy 和snowy 意思是有雨的和有雪的例如：It is often rainy here in spring.这儿的春天经常是有雨的。If it is rainy tomorrow, Ill stay at home.如果明天是有雨的，我将呆在家里。比较级：注意只有同类事物才可进展比较。例如：My eyes are bigger than hers.Your school bag is heavier than mine.My p

17、uter is nicer than Nancys. My brother is stronger than me.have, has：表示*人有(has用于第三人称单数)；There is/ are;There was/ were 表示*地存在有注意There be 句型的就近原则单数或不可数用there is /was;复数用there are/ were.本身就是复数的词：眼镜glasses; 耳机earphones; 鞋shoes;裤子trousers等词本身是复数。例如：My glasses were on the chair just now.但如果表示这双，这副，一双的时候用单数

18、例如：There is a pair of chopsticks on the plate. This pair of earphones is for you.五个元音字母：Aa, Ee, Ii, Oo, Uu;25一个的用法：a用于辅音前不是辅音字母前；an 用于元音前不是元音字母前。例如：There is an s, a t, a u, a d ,an e, an n,and a t in the word student.时间表示法：1直接读时钟和分钟例如：6:10读成 si* ten; 7:30读成seven thirty; 8:45读成eight forty-five;2用to与p

19、ast表示在半小时包括半小时以用几分past几点例如：6：10读成ten past si*; 7:30读成half past seven;过了半小时用下一个钟点差几分例如：7：45读成a quarter to eight; 9:50读成ten to ten;基数词变序数词的方法：基变序有规律，结尾加上th; 一二三特殊例，结尾字母t、d(即first, second, third);八去t， 九去e， ve要用f替即eigheighth; nineninth; five- fifth ;twelvetwelfth；ty改y为ie后加th别忘记(即整十数如twentytwentieth；fort

20、yfortieth);几十几十位为基个位为序如第二十一为twenty-first。另外强调序数词前一定要加the。日期的表示法：用the+序数词+ of +月例如：三月三日 the third of March;12月25日 the 25th of December.both 表示两者都：例如：My parents are both teachers.all表示三者以上都例如：The students are all very e*cited.节日的表示法：有day的节日前用on.没有day的节日前用at,例如：at Christmas; on Christmas Day; at New Ye

21、ar; on New Years Day.冲动兴奋的：e*cited表示冲动的，兴奋地主语是人；e*citing表示令人冲动的，令人兴奋的主语是事情例如：The running race is very e*citing, so all the students are very e*cited.赛跑非常令人冲动，因此所有的学生都很冲动。比较：两者比较用比较级，三者以上比较用最高级例如：Who runs faster, the boy or the girl? The boy does谁跑得更快，男孩还是女孩.男孩。Which season do you like best? I like autumn best.你最喜欢哪个季节.我最喜欢秋天。Which season do you