重点高中情态动词讲解

1、重点高中情态动词讲解作者:日期:情态动词专项讲解1. China is develop ing its high-speed train tech no logy fast, so itbe good eno ugh to catch up with the best.A. mayB. mightC. mustD. should2. Then some other in terest ing reas ons appear, such as Its so smoggy that I find my way to office.A. mustn B. won C. can D. shouldn

2、3. The world is big, and I want to see it, wrote a teacher in her resignation letter.you quit your job to travelthe world?A. MustB. Might C. Should D. Would【答案揭晓】CCD一、情态动词的定义情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义，但要与动词原形或其被动语态一起使用，给谓语动词增添情态色彩， 表示说话人对有关行为或事物的态度和看法，认为其可能.应该或必要等。情态动词后面加动词原形。obey in Fuzhou.1. No driving elect

3、ric motorbikes in some areas is a rule that we shallbe at risk of abortion.能，会,必须.一定法律.法规等动词原形2. Wome n who are exposed to sec on d-ha nd smoke duri ng their preg nancy can可以表示有能力或时机动词原形 二、常考情态动词的关键用法一can1. Jim , it is time you went to bed . You need to get up early tomorrow.It s not fair Mary can s

4、tay up till ten hut I have to go to bed at eight.可以表示允许2.If it were not for the fact that she cant sing , I would invite her to the party.能，会，可以表示有能力3. Luckily, iron can be reworked and mistakes dont have to be thrown away能够，可以表示某事物的特点4. Peter can be really difficult to get along with at times even

5、though he s a nice person in general. 有可能；有时会5. I cannot choose but to go.不能，无法用于否认句，表示情况不允许6.I cannot tha nk you eno ugh,it has bee n a won derful day.再.也不为过 也可以用 can never/hardly.too much7. Is Jack on duty today? It cant be him.It s his turn tomorrow.不可能can可用于否认句/疑问句中表猜想，此句表对现在的猜想 8. Can he have b

6、ee n chose n as capta in of the football team? Yes, he must have.可能can可用于否认句/疑问句中表猜想，can have done表示对过去的猜想猜想9. This old lady was struggli ng out of the train and I said, Oh, can I help you?能通常用于疑问句，表示建议或提议帮助10. Can you just lift the table for a seco nd?用于疑问句时，can表示礼貌的请求，而cant表示强烈请求二could1. For my re

7、turn journey, I felt I could afford the extra and travel first class能;会表示发生在过去的能力2. - feel bored with nothing interesting to do.-You could watch TV. There will be a very good Hollywood film on this evening.可以表示提议或建议3. -Could I have a look?-Of course you can.表许可委婉的语气用could，答复时用can4. An improveme nt i

8、n livi ng sta ndards could be years away.可能表示某事可能属实或可能发生，对将来或者现在发生事情的肯定猜想5. Whe n the ship sailed out from Thaila nd, the 16 sailors on board could nt have thought_ that only half of可能could have done,只用于否认句和疑问句中，表示对过去发生事情的猜想them would return again. 高.考.资.源.网6. He did not regret say ing what he did b

9、ut felt that he could have expressed it differe ntly.could have done用于肯定句中，表虚拟语气，表示过去本有可能发生的事情但却并未发生，不能使用canhave done的形式三be able toI. Even if standardized tests like the SAT could show a stude nt s academic proficiency学业水平 ,they will never be able to test things like con fide nee, efforts and willpo

10、we r, and are un able to give us the full picture of a stude nt potentialities 潜力【解析】be able to解释为能够，有各种时态的形式。注：can和be able to都可以表示能力.can泛指一般的能力，而且只有两种形式，即:can, could .be able to那么主要指具体做到了某件事的能力，其形式主要是靠be发生变化，所以形式比can多.可以说：I can swim. I am able to swim.但是不能说：All the people could escape from the big

11、fire in time.只能说： All the people were able to escape from the fire in time.四may1. Every one of us may pla nt a tree in the school, or orga nize a thorough clea ning on the campus.可以表许可2. 1 Some people who don t like to talk much are not necessarily;shyey may just be quiet people. 有可能，也许may表猜想，用于肯定或否

12、认句中，此例表示对现在某种情况的猜想2 You might just as well tell the manufacturer that male customers may not like the design of the furniture.也许，可能may表猜想，用于肯定或否认句中，may not为“可能不的意思3I can t find my purse any where.You may have lost it while shopp ing.may表猜想，may have done表示对过去或者现现在已经完成的动作的肯定猜想3. May God bless you!祝;但愿

13、五might1.1 was won deri ng if I might ask you a favor?可不可以，能否用于礼貌地打断别人.提出问题.做出请求或引出接下来要说的话2. Excuse me.Is this the right way to the Summer Palace? Sorry , I am not sure.But it might be.可能表不是很有把握的猜想，语气比 may弱3. Where is my dicti on ary? I remember I put it here yesterday.You might have put it i n the w

14、rong place.might表猜想，might have done那么表示对过去或者现已完成的动作的肯定猜想=may have done4. I told your friend how to get to the hotel , but perhaps I might have driven her there.此处，might have done表虚拟语气，意为过去原本可能/可以做到的事而未做5. This holiday isn t much fun; wemighas well be back home.只好做;做也无妨六will1. The low test score, the

15、y thi nk,will make it impossible for them to get into a good college.将表示将来2. You will carry out these in struct ions and report back into this after noon.表示将来的正式安排3. He will become her senior adviser- her deputy, if you will.愿意4. Anyone, an swer the phone? I will.临时的决定5. Mary will sit for hours read

16、i ng.The window will not ope n, however hard he tries.表现在经常反复的动作或者趋向6. Man will die without air.表必然性七would1. John promised his doctor he would not smoke , and he has never smoked ever since.will的过去式，用于转述将2. Hurry up! It would be a shame to miss the beg inning of the play.Shed be a fool to accept it.

17、将，将会表示判断或看法3.She wouldn tchange it even though she knew it was wrong.不愿表示意愿4. When he had a problem to solve , he would work at it until he found an answer.常常表示过去的习惯She would be always the first to offer to help.The car wouldn tstart this morning.老是，表趋向八shall1. We/I shall call you back this after no

18、on.表将来用于No.1人称2. - Has Mr. Tom White arrived? - Yes, already. Shall he wait outside or just come in?shall用在疑问句中，且主语为No.1/No.3人称，表示征求对方意见3. 1 What does the sign over there read? No person shall smke or carry a lighted cigarette , cigar or pipe in this area.declared the2“The interest ball be divided i

19、nto five parts , according to the agreement made by both sides ,judge.3You shall get the answer tomorrow.4They shall not be allowed in after 11 p.m.shall用在陈述句中，且主语为No.2/No.3人称时，表示允诺、命令、警告、决心或规定九should/ought to1. I think I ll give Bob a rin You should. You haven t been in touch with him for ages. 应该;

20、应当2. Margaret should not stay at home all day long in front of the TV .应该，必须表示给出指示或公布官方命令2 That s right. She ought to go to the fitness center with us.应该，必须3. There should not be any difficulty about pass ing the road test since you have practised a lot.应该，可能表示预期或可能性4.If you should be fired, your he

21、alth and pension benefits will not be automatically cut off将要，假定要用在虚拟条件从句中表示事件发生的可能性5.1 in sisted that we should have a look at every car应该用在某些动词、名词之后that引导的虚拟语气从句中6. Its surpris in g/stra nge that he should be a thief.竟然用在某些adj./n.之后that引导的虚拟语气中7. I ll tell Mary about her new job tomorrow. You shou

22、ld have told her last week.should have done=ought to have done , 表示本应该做的事而未做8. You oughtn t to have been late for yesterday； Ssciawsasnsjetinportant.ought not to have done=should not have done，表示过去本不该做的事却做了注：ought to与should的用法区别如下1. 一般说来，两者可替换，只是ought to语气稍重。如:You ought to/should go and see Mary. 你应

23、该去看看玛丽。应该做某事时，一般应用t thi nk we will.此句不宜用should。ought to,2. 表示出于法令规那么、行为准那么、道德责任等客观情况而 假设用should那么强调个人意见、主观看法。女口： We ought to go and see Mary tomorrow, but I don明天我们按理应该去看看玛丽，但是我认为我们去不了。3. 在公告、须知或条例中，出于礼貌，常用should.女口：You should not run alon gside the swim min g-pool. 不准在游泳池边奔跑十must/ have to1. It s th

24、e office! So you must know eating is not allowed here. Oh, sorry. 必须，应当通常因为规定或法律2. In crowded places like airports and railway stations , you must take care of your luggage. 务必，一定要用于表示建议或邀请John, look at the time. Must you play the piano at such a late hour? 偏偏，非要用于问句中表示生气4. Tom, you must nt leave al

25、l your clothes on the floor like this! 一定不要Hi, Tom. Any idea where Jane is? She_must be_in the classroom. I saw her there just now. 很可能是，想必是，肯定是must表猜想，只用于肯定句中，此句是对现在的猜想Guess what? I have got A for my term paper.Great!You must have read widely and put a lot of work into it.must have done表示据情况对过去情况进行

26、肯定的推测，只用于肯定句中Some aspects of a pilot s job can besbdripigots often have to work at inconvenient hours.必须，不得不What do you think we can do for our aged pare nts?You don t have to doything except to be with them and be yourself.不必【解析】have to和must1两词都是 必须的意思，have to表示客观的需要，must表示说话人主观上的看法，既主观上的必要。My brot

27、her was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the ni ght.我弟弟病得很厉害，我只得半夜里把医生请来。客观上需要做这件事He said that they must work hard.他说他们必须努力工作。主观上要做这件事2have to有人称.数时态的变化，而must只有一种形式。但must可用于间接引语中表示过去的必要或义务。He had to look after his sister yesterday.3在否认结构中：dont have to表示不必must nt表示禁止，You dont ha

28、ve to tell him about it.你不一定要把此事告诉他。You must nt tell him about it.你一定不要把这件事告诉他。十一- n eed/ dare1. What sort of house do you want to have? Someth ing big?Well， it need not be big that s not important.必要need作为情态动词只用于否认句和疑问句中2. Catherine，I have cleaned the room for you.Than ks.You n eed n t va done it.l

29、 could man age it myself.neednthave done表示过去本不必做的事却做了3. I dare say you are British but you still n eed a passport to prove it.可能，大概；想必，我想【固定搭配】4. The goverme nt dare not raise in terest rates aga in.敢dare作为情态动词只用于否认句和疑问句中5. How dare you talk to me like that?竟敢dare作为情态动词只用于否认句和疑问句中【解析】1.need/dare作情态动

30、词无人称或数的变化，后接动词原形，多用于否认句和疑问句中，但I dare say例外。2. need作为行为动词有人称和数的变化，后面可接名词、代词、动名词及带to的动词不定式；可用于肯定句、疑问句和否认句中。如：1 She needs help她需要帮助。2-Do I need to go at once?我需要马上走吗？区另U Need I go at once?- Yes, you must. / No, you neednt.3It was Sun day and she did n tn eed to go to work. So she stayed at home.后力口 to，

31、实义动词 She n eed nthave gone to work that day. She could have stayed at home.后加原形，情态动词3. dare用作实义动词，其后可带动词不定式，否认句中也可带省to不定式，且有人称和数以及时态的变化。例如：1 I dare to jump dow n from the top of the wall.我敢从那墙头上跳下来。2 She doesnt/didn dare to meet her teachers eyes.她不敢与老师对视。三、情态动词重点用法小结 表示猜想可能性词形r 1、，冃定式否认式疑问式must必然.必

32、定/should按说应该/ought to按说应该/can/不可能有可能吗？could微弱的可能不可能语气比can弱may或许，也许，可能不/might比may还弱比may not还弱/【注】对现在或者将来可能发生事情的猜想的结构为：must/should/ought to/can t/could/may/might + V( 原形) 对过去可能发生事情的猜想的结构为：must/ can t/could n t/may/might + have V-ed例如： He may/might/must/should be on his way home now.( 现在)I didn hear th

33、e phone. I must have been asleep.(过去)情态动词+have done情态动词+完成式用法例句must have done过去想必/准是/一定做了 否认为：can /couldn havedoneIt must have rained last night, for the road is quite muddy.can/could not have done用于疑问句/否认句，表猜想，过去可能做了某事Can he have gone to his aunts? He cannot have forgotte n it.could have done表虚拟，用于

34、肯定句，“过去 本可以做而未做Tom could have done better in the exam.may/might (not) have done1. 也许，或许冃疋句2. 可能不否认句3. 表虚拟语气，“过去本可 以做到而没做到It S too late. I think he may have gone to bed.He may not have fini shed the work.You did nt do the work well that day. You might have done it better.should/ought to have done过去本该

35、做某事，而实际上 未做You ought to have done this exercise more carefully.should not/ought not to have done过去本不该做某事，而实际 上做了You should n Shave told her the truth.n eed nthave done过去本不必做某事而做了You n eed n Shave take n a taxi there, for it was very n ear to my house.had better ( not) have done过去最好没做了You had better

36、not have scolded me.would rather (not) have done宁愿过去没做了I raised objections at the meeting, but now I would rather not have done that.would like/love(not) to havedone过去本不打算做但未做 成I would love to have gone to the party last ni ght, but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.情态动词解题技巧关键词：一情，二境，三时(1

37、)认真审题，结合所给出的语境，正确把握说话者的语气情感态度观点等。(2) 认真思考所给选项中情态动词的根本特征和用法，并结合语境推敲答案。(3) 要注意把握时间概念。 例如：Thank you for all your hard work last week. I don t think weit without you.过去“(要)没你A. can man age B. could have man agedC. could man age D. can have man aged根据题干中所给出的时间last week可知我们已经做完了工作，已经完成，故排除A.C两项，再结合could(n

38、ot) have done表示猜想可知说话者想表达的意思是：要没你，我们不可能完成这项工作。故答案为B项。情态动词经典考题1. Iuse a clock to wake me up because at six oclock each morning the train comes by my house.A. could ntB. must ntC. should ntD. need nt2. I m going to Europe on vacation together with John if I _ d the money.A. canB. mightC. wouldD. n eed3. Wethe difficulty together, but why didn t you tell me?A. should faceB. might faceC. could have faced D. must have faced4. The new law states that peopledrive after drinking alcohol.A. would ntB. need ntC. wo ntD. must nt5. It s quite warm