Unit 5 competition大学英语泛读第4册第五单元PPT

1、Unit 5. Motivation or unhealthy experience (competition)Pre-reading questions:lToday, we live in an increasingly competitive world. Competition takes place in every arena of our life-in our study, in our life, and even in our leisure activities.lFor some of us, we may even use whatever means we can

2、think of to achieve our aims.lBut have we ever thought of for what purposes we compete against each other, and whether competition is good for us?Competition or cooperation, that is a question!Economy and politicsCooperation and Openness for Mutual Benefit and Win-Win Progress At the BRIC Summit Bra

3、silia, 16 April 2010 Debate l 1. Are you for or against competition? Why?l For:l Against:l 2. What effects does competition have on us and our society? Can you think of any example?l Positive effects:l Negative effects:3. What effects does competition have on children?lPositive effects:lCompetition

4、can help children develop healthy attitudes about winning and losing;lCompetition can encourage growth and push a child to excel;lChildren benefit from competition as they learn about their ablities and limitations.l3. What effects does competition have on children?lNegative effects:lCompetition can

5、 harm a child if it causes physical or emotional injury, or both;lCompetition lowers the need to take care of others;lCompetition causes hostility, aggression, or makes a child unpopular;lCompetition is done just for parents benefit or vainglory.lReading One:lCheck your comprehension A:lCheck each o

6、f the questions with the information from the text P104Check your comprehension B:l1. Competition plays such an important role in our culture that it is common to see even adults shouting and swearing on Sunday afternoons (when watching baseball games). This is ridiculous and I feel bad about it.l2.

7、 From my own experience, I dont think that we can develop deep and full relationships by trying to compete and win against a common enemy.l3. If my success means that I have to do better than others, I dont think Ill ever have real satisfaction because I have to keep thinking of how to outdo others,

8、 which is very unpleasant and exhausting.l4. Even when I reach the top position, I will not feel safe as all those below me will be waiting to outdo me and try to grab the position from me.l5. I start to see that my confidence in my personal value and worth is dependent on how much better I am than

9、so many others in so many activities.l6. Only when we begin to realize that there is no such a thing as healthy competition can we begin to live more normal and richer lives.Check your vocabulary A:l outcome: resultl team spirit: enthusiasm about working in a teaml resolve: solve a difficultyl in (t

10、he) light of: taking into consideration what is known, or what has been just said or found outl in ones stead: in the position or role of sb or sth elsel self-esteem: self-respectCheck your vocabulary B:l contradictionl exclusivel conditional: dependent onl outweigh: be more important/valuable thanl

11、 incalculable: damage/ consequencesl induce: causel treadmill: monotonous/ tedious/ plodding workl unjustifiable: unreasonable l hysteria: abnormal excitementl outweigh: Summary l What is a summary? It is a fairly brief restatement-IN YOUR OWN WORDS-of the contents of a passage. l Strictly speaking,

12、 you simply report back what the other writer has said. It is not your job to make value judgments about the rightness or wrongness of what (s)he says. That would be a different kind of paper-a summary-response, a critique, or a position paper. l While it is hard to give concrete guidelines for leng

13、th, many good summaries are about 1/4 to 1/3 the length of the original. What are the steps in writing a summary? l I. Read through the whole piece-carefully. Annotate (underline, highlight, asterisk, star, flag things; comment in the margins) as you read. l II. When you finish, look back for 1-2 se

14、ntences that state the authors main point. Write it/them down or place some special annotation in the margin of your book. This is the articles thesis statement. While it may appear early in the essay-the first paragraph or two (as you are taught to locate yours), it may not, in fact, be stated unti

15、l the end of the piece (almost as if it were a conclusion). l III. Reread the selection, dividing it into sections of thought. Each section may be one paragraph, but, more likely, each section will incorporate several paragraphs. l IV. Write a sentence or two summarizing each section of thought. If

16、you have trouble doing this, you might try writing a summary sentence for each paragraph and then revising where you see yourself repeating ideas. l V. Write a first draft of your summary, including the following items: l A. In the first sentence or two- l 1. the authors name. l 2. the articles or c

17、hapters name (perhaps even the magazines or books name in which the article or chapter appeared). l 3. the authors thesis statement.l Heres an example: In our excerpt from The Idea of a University, John Henry Newman argues that the real purpose of a university education is to help students become wi

18、se, enable each one to understand as much as possible of the world in which (s)he lives and to see clearly how each piece of knowledge relates to each other piece of knowledge. l B. Next, your summary sentences for each paragraph or section. Put them in the same order that the author presents the es

19、say, because you are, after all, simply reporting back what (s)he says. l C. You should make every effort to put the authors ideas into your own words-to avoid plagiarism. However, you may occasionally want to quote a point directly from the author. Thats okay; just be sure to place quotation marks

20、around what you have borrowed and cite your page number. l D. Occasional supporting details, if and only if they are the most significant ones. lVI. Check your draft against the original piece for accuracy. lVII. Revise the summary to smooth out its choppiness. In other words, link your section summ

21、ary sentences together with good transitional words or phrases (like in addition, moreover, on the other hand, however, finally). lVIII. Proofread and spellcheck. Reading Two:l toxic substance/ fume/ emission/ waste/ reaction/shock syndromel As social networking grows increasingly pervasive, more em

22、ployers are utilizing these sites to screen potential employees. pervasive social problems普遍的社会问题l Last week， China unveiled stellar growth figures for its economy. 中国上周公布了强劲的经济增长数据。l graceful as a swan 像天鹅一样优雅；举止端庄；姿态优美 graceful bearing 风采Check your comprehension B:l1. You knew that one had healthy

23、 self-esteem when he/she could enjoy competing in a hobby which he/she was not very good at.l2. A true competition is one in which you dont know for sure whether or not youll be able to achieve your aim.l3. For many of us, competition is an additional ingredient that keeps our life interesting, make

24、s us alert and active, and enables us to become more creative and productive.l4. It can become a good part of our life and exerts a great(negative) infuence on how we live.l5. Parents must also set an example of how to compete pleasantly in their own lives.Check your vocabulary:l pervasive computing

25、 普遍计算技术 adaptable 适应性强的 self-contained adj. 设备齐全的；独立的；沉默寡言的 l defective manipulate utensilsl promotel sabotage sbt:, sbt: vt. 妨害；对采取破坏行动 vi. 从事破坏活动 n. 破坏；怠工；破坏活动l nacissisticl graceful oval facel toxicl stellar performer. in the move to在向.发展的过程中l 在短短的几年内，他们公司发展成了华尔街最优秀的公司之一，（在这个发展过程中）为其它公司树立了榜样。l Su

26、bstandard/ outstanding performer 表现欠佳/优秀的员工lhttp:/ lhttp:/ lhttp:/ huReading Three: Competition is Healthy, But it Can Get Out of HandlWill Rogers World Airport:lIs a big airport in Oklahoma City.l“I think we gave a scare”, she means colloquially and humorously that their yards are as bright as the

27、airport, and could be seen as competition for its business.Wal-Martl an enormous “inexpensive department store” chain that is ubiquitous/pervasive/omnipresent across America. l Its philosophy is to bring lots of inexpensive goods to consumers efficiently.l It has been criticized greatly since every

28、time a Wal-Mart comes to a town, all of the smaller merchant shops cannot compete and go out of business. This is bad for the economy overall.Mary PoppinslOne of Walt Disneys musical films.lIt is a combination of live action and animation.lIt introduces to us a practically perfect magical nanny- Mary Poppins, who always dispenses useful