湖北省宜昌市高中英语Unit1GreatscientistsPartⅢGrammar学案无答案新人教版必修5

1、Unit1GreatscientistsPartHIGrammar一、【学习目标】1 .熟练掌握动词过去分词的构成和作用；2 .熟悉动词过去分词做定语及表语的基本用法。二、【自主预习】Stepl.Discoverusefulstructures1. -Lookattheexcitedboy!Whyishesohappy?-Hehasgotthefirstprizeinthecontest.-Nowonderheisexcited!2. Lookatthesentencescarefully.Pickouttheattributes&predicativeofthesentences.G

2、ivereasonsforwhyyoudividethemintothesegroups.1) Iwasangrywithhimforkeepingmewaitingsolong.2) Sheisabeautifulyounglady.3) Hegotworriedaboutlosingthemoney.4) Sallywassoexcitedatthegoodnews.5) Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeopledied.3. Findmoreexamplesinthereadingpassagewherethepastparticipleisusedasattri

3、buteandpredicative.1) DoctorJohnSnowwasawell-knowndoctorinLondon.(2) JohnSnowtoldtheastonishedpeopleinBroadStreet.(3) Hegotinterestedinthetwotheories.(4) Neitheritscause,noritscurewasunderstood.()Step2.Learnaboutlanguage分词的概念分词是动词的一种非谓语形式，主要起形容词和副词的作用，可以作定语、表语或是状语等。分词有两种，一种是现在分词，一种是过去分词。这两种分词在句子中能担任

4、的成分大体相同，主要是在“意思”上有主动和被动之分。过去分词一般有被动和完成两大特征。过去分词的定语和表语功能士7E语表“完成”或“被动”boiledwater开水fallenleaves落叶therisensun引起的太阳selectedapples精选平果spokenEnglish英语口语icedbeer冰镇啤酒cookedfood熟食friedchips炸土豆条单个的过去分词作定语时，一般放在被修饰词语之前（如上例）,也可以放在所修饰词语的后面。Look!Sheiscollectingusedbooks.Hurryup,thereisonlyalittletimeleft.过去分词短语作

5、定语时，须将分词放在被修饰的词语之后，功能相当一个定语从句。Nearthewindow,thereisabookshelffilledwithmanybooks（=whichisfilledwithmanybooks）.Herdaughter,broughtupbyme（=whowasbroughtupbyme）hasbeguntoworknow.表语当“人”作主语时用过去分词作表语，表示主语的状态或思想感情等。Whenweheardofit,weweredeeplymoved.Heseemedquitedelightedattheidea.过去分词作表语不要与被动语态混升-体。分词作表语表示

6、主语的状态，而被动语态则表示被动的动作。Myglassesarebroken.（状态）Myglasseswerebrokenbymyson.（动彳）Ontheearth,70%ofthesurfaceiscoveredwithwater.（状态）Iwasgreatlysurprisedbyaknockatthedoor.（动作）三、【合作探究】（一）过去分词作定语1 .前置定语(1)被动意义：anrespectedguest位受尊敬的客人Howmanyfinishedproductshaveyougotuptonow?至U现在为止，你已经得至U多少成品？=Howmanyproductsthat

7、havebeenfinishedhaveyougotuptonow?(2)完成意义：aretiredworker位退休的工人Thechildrenarecleaningthefallenleavesintheyard.孩子们正在打扫院子里的落叶。=Thechildrenarecleaningtheleavesthathavefallenintheyard.【总结】：的过去分词作定语，通常放在被修饰的名词之,作前置定语。表示和的意义。2 .后置定语Thingsseenarebetterthanthingsheard.眼见最好。=Thingswhichareseenarebetterthanthi

8、ngswhichareheard.Thiswillbethebestnovelofitskindeverwritten.这将是这类小说中写得最好的。=Thiswillbethebestnovelofitskindthathaseverbeenwritten.【总结】：过去分词短语作定语时，放在被修饰的名词,作后置定语，作用相当于一个。【注意】：如被修饰的词是something,anything,everything,nothing,-one,-body以及those等，分词放在被修饰词的后面。Doyouhaveanythingunfinished?你还有什么没完成的事吗？Heisoneofth

9、osekidnapped.他是那些被绑架的人之一。单个分词也可以作后置定语，用以强调动作。Theydecidedtochangethematerialused.他们决定更换使用的材料。不及物动词的过去分词仅表示时间的完成，无被动意义。现在分词表示动作正在进行。fallen leaves 落叶falling leaves正在下落的树叶adevelopedcountry发达国家adevelopingcountry发展中国家theboiledwater(凉)开水theboilingwater沸水(二)过去分词作表语Theteacherseemedquitedelightedattheidea.Whenweheardofthestory,weweredeeplymoved.Hishairisnearlyallgone.过去分词作表语表示主语的和。【注意】：过去分词作表语：强调被动语态：强调四、【课内达标】I .Finishexercises2and3onPage5inthetextbook.II .完成句子1. HowIregrettedthehours!我多懊悔在树林浪费的时光啊！(waste)2. Ilikewearingclothes.我喜欢穿这种布料做的衣服。(make)3. We'11gotovisitthebridge.我们要去看那座建于几百