英语教案：必修3 Unit 2Language

1、英语学习资料1. confusing / puzzling confusing：指两个或以上的事物因有相似之处而“令人混淆、模糊不清、难以理解”，(difficult to understand, not clear) e.g. The constructions on the box are very confusing. This is a confusing word because it has two opposite meanings. puzzling：指对某些事物的出处、来龙去脉、或如何解决感到棘手、为难。 e.g. For me, some English words are

2、 confusing, but not puzzling. The situation was more puzzling than ever before.2. be made up of / be made of / be made from / be made out of be made up of：由组合/装而成 e.g. Our class is made up of 45 students, 22 boys and 23 girls. A watch is made up of more than 200 parts. be made of：由制成，（是一种形态、物理变化，由成品

3、上可以看出原材料）。 e.g. The table is made of oak wood. A house made of stones lasts long. be made from：由制成，（是一种性质、化学变化，成品上已看不出原材料）。 e.g. The fine paper is made from bamboo. Butter is made from milk. be made out of：由改制而成/从中提炼而成 e.g. She made two baby shirts out of her overcoat. Plastic can be made out of oil

4、.3. invade：vt. 侵略、涌入、侵犯（人权、私生活等） e.g. In 1939 Germany invaded Poland suddenly. Many tourists invaded the seaside city every summer. Its against the law to invade a persons privacy. invasion：n. 入侵、侵扰；invader：n. 入侵者； invasive：adj. 有侵略性的4. create：vt. 创造、创作、引起（事端） e.g. Every man is created equal. Christ

5、ians believe that God created the world. The famous writer has created many moving characters in his novels. A small stamp created an awkward political crisis. creation：（u) 创造、创作；(c) 作品、产物 e.g. the creation of a new country, a creation of imagination, a man full of creation creative：adj. 创造力的、独创的 e.

6、g. a creative writer, a creative idea5. officer / official officer：n. 一般指军队官员，解释为“军官、警察、警官”，也可指“公务员”。 e.g. He is an officer in the army. I was driving slowly along, you see, officer, when the man appeared suddenly and official：n. 一般指政府官员、公司职员。 e.g. A government official will come to inspect our comp

7、any. He is an official in the War Office. adj. 政府的、正式的、公务上的e.g. an official visit：正式访问；an official residence：官邸； They attended the party officially.6. consist：vi. 1)（有部分、因素）组成、构成，与of连用，= be made up of e.g. Coal consists mostly of carbon. The club consists of more than 100 members. The school consist

8、s of over 100 classes. 2) (本质）在于、存在于，与in连用。 e.g. Her beauty consists in her fine qualities. The highlight of the picture consists in the balance of colours.7. pick up：有许多意思，常用的含义有：捡起、接收、（用车来）接/装、无意中获得（知识、消息）、便宜购得、身体变好、（车）加速等。 e.g. The boy picked up the book and returned it to the lady. This radio is

9、 small, but it can pick up BBC and VOA. Wait here and Ill pick you up in ten minutes. Nonsense! Where did you pick up that news? I picked up this ancient vase in a second-hand shop the other day. Were glad to know that she is picking up and will come back to class soon. After turning around a corner

10、, the car began to pick up speed. pick：摘、采、扒窃 e.g. pick flowersHe had his pocket picked and suffered a loss. pick out：挑选、分辨出 e.g. Can you pick out the man who did you wrong? She picked out a pair of red shoes on show.8. contribute：vt. 捐助、提供= donate sth. to 、投稿、对有贡献。常用句型：contribute sth. to e.g. He co

11、ntributed a lot of money to the school. Every year the old man contributes ten thousand yuan to the charity. I often contribute articles / short stories to the magazine.vi. 成为的原因，常用句型：A contribute to B = lead to / result in e.g. The heavy rain contributed to the harvest loss this year. A good knowle

12、dge of English contributed to his getting the job in our company. contribution：贡献，常用复数，用于词组：make great / no . contributions to e.g. The old professor has made great contributions to the space science of our country.9. Norman：诺曼人，注意它的复数：Normans, 类似的词较少，常见的有：Germans, humans Romans。 区别于：Frenchman Frenc

13、hmen； Frenchwoman FrenchwomenEnglishman Englishmen；Englishwoman Englishwomen policeman policemen； policewoman policewomen 以及类似的合成词。10. conquer：vt. 征服、击败；克服（困难）、去除（习惯） e.g. In the next year, the invaders conquered the whole country. His beautiful voice conquered every member of the committee. Man wil

14、l conquer cancer in the near future. Please try your best to conquer your fear of height. Tell us how you succeeded in conquering your smoking habit. conquest：n. 征服、克服、获得 e.g. a desire of conquest；make / win a conquest of conqueror：征服者、胜利者11. rule：n. 规定、习惯、管理 e.g. We must obey our school rules. In C

15、hina we have a rule that people keep to the right. 常用短语和句型：under ones rule：在的统治之下；as a rule：通常、一般而言； by rule = according to rule：按规定地； make it a rule to do sth.：习惯做，规定做 vt. 支配、统治 e.g. A good king rules his country / people wisely. The boy is ruled by passion every time he is in anger. rule out：排除、否决

16、、拒绝考虑 e.g. We have ruled out the possibility of his falling ill. ruler：尺，统治者； ruling：支配、统治、裁定；rulebook：准则手册12. replace：vt. 把放回（原处）、替代、取代 = take the place of e.g. Please replace the book on the shelf after reading. You are to replace the picture you took off the wall. Can “Shall you go?” replace “Wil

17、l you be going?” Today we use plastic to replace wood and iron. Nothing in the world can replace a mother s love of her children. replacement：替换物、代替的人 e.g. As Tom is ill in bed, we must find a replacement to do the work.13. raise / keep / support raise：抚养、饲养（动植物、幼辈等） e.g. His hobby is raising flower

18、s in the garden. He was raised = brought up by his aunt on the farm. keep：指为了娱乐、观赏而养“宠物、花草”；解释“抚养”时，指：养家、扶养人。 e.g. She kept her niece while her sister was ill in hospital. He needed more money to keep his wife and three children. Farmers here keep flowers and pets. support：抚养、支持（人） e.g. He has a lar

19、ge family to support. We all support you. Keep on trying and youll succeed.14. adopt：vt. 采纳（建议、意见）、采取（方法、措施）、（法律上的）收养 e.g. Our school has adopted a new teaching method. Tom is my adopted son and he is a nice boy. This chapter is adopted from an article of Bacons. The old couple adopted him as their

20、own son. (adopt sb. as sb.) adoption：收养、采纳、采用； adoptive：收养的，作定语用。 e.g. Old Wang is Jacks adoptive father.15. undergo（underwent, undergone)：vt. 遭受、经历（困难、变故），接受（考试、检查） e.g. The travelers underwent many difficulties. He has undergone an operation. We have undergone many hardships / changes since the wa

21、r. I have never undergone such an experience before.16. depend：vi.依靠、依赖、指望，与on / upon连用。 depend on / upon sb. / sth. (for sth.) e.g. As a child, I depend on / upon my father and mother (for a living). In the past, farmers life depended on the weather. A map is sth. you depend on when you are in a st

22、range place. depend on upon sb. to do sth. e.g. You cant depend on him to come on time. I depend on you to help me with my poor English depend on wh- / it that e.g. Our success depend on whether every one of us works hard. You can depend on it that I will help you when needed. = You can depend on me

23、 to help you when needed. depend on / upon it：肯定的、的确 e.g. Depend on it, he will pass the exam this time. She will certainly bring her dictionary here, depend on it. That / It (all) depends：那得看情况而定 e.g. Do you think we will have the sports meeting next week? It depends. (on the weather). He may come

24、for the party, but it depends.17. record：vt./ vi. 记录、录音、录像 e.g. a recorded program, a recorded showDid you record the speech yesterday? The video tape recorded that you are the man who did it. This book recorded that there used to be a temple on top of the hill. The singer has not been recording for

25、 a year. n. （最高）记录、成绩、唱片 e.g. an official record of the accident：事故的正式纪录； a school record：学校的成绩单； a police record：前科； break the record：破纪录； set up a new record：创纪录； play a record：放唱片 recorder：记录员、录音机、计时器18. promise：vt. / vi. 允诺、答应 promise sb. sth. = promise sth. to sb.：答应（给）某人某物 e.g. She promised me

26、 early return. My father promised me a computer if I got good marks in the exam. = My father promised a computer to me if I got good marks in the exam. Our manager promised me a rise. promise sb. to do sth.：答应某人做某事 e.g. Promise me never to trouble me again. She didnt promise me to go to the movie to

27、gether with us. promise sb. that e.g. He promised me that he would never do it again. I promise that I will lend you a hand when you have trouble. Dont promise me with words that you will be good. Vt. 有可能、希望（有之虑） e.g. This winter promises to be a severe one. It promises to be fine tomorrow. This pro

28、mises to be an interesting evening. Rainbow promises good weather n. 诺言 e.g. make / give a promise：许诺； keep / carry out ones promise：遵守诺言； break / go back on ones promise：违背诺言； a broken promise：未实践的诺言a written promise：书面保证 promising：有希望的、有前途的、有指望的 e.g. She is a promising student. The weather is prom

29、ising, but youd better take an umbrella in case.19. set：vt. 确定（标准）、制定（规则等） e.g. The teacher set very difficult questions for the exam. Only Professor Wang can set standard for the contest. Lets set the time for the meeting. The date for the wedding was set for the first Sunday in May. Who set the cl

30、ock an hour faster? A committee will set the rule for the company. set：还可解释为：（太阳）下山、使处于某种状态、点燃、放置、以为背景等。 e.g. The sun sets earlier in winter ( than in summer). His thoughtful question set all of us thinking deeply. The boy set fire to his own house and it was burnt down in an hour. Please set the pi

31、ano in the corner. The film was set in Paris in the early 1930s.20. ban：n. 禁令、禁止，与on连用。 e.g. Do you know the ban on smoking in public places? A ban on parking in this part will be in effect next month. lift / remove the ban on (doing) sth.：解除对的禁止 place / put sth under a ban：禁止 vt. (banned, banned, b

32、anning)禁止，常用：ban (doing) sth / ban sb. from doing sth. e.g. Our school bans smoking in classrooms / offices. They government decided to ban the book. His company banned him from using the computer.21. pure / net pure：（在品质上）纯的、无杂质的(not mixed with anything else)；洁净的(clean) e.g. This is pure gold, 99.9

33、9%. These shirts are 100% pure cotton. The water in this river is fresh and pure. opp. impure net：（在重量上）净的、（数量上）纯的 e.g. net weight：净重；a net profit / gain of $500：500美元纯利； net income：纯收入；22. spread (spread, spread)：vi. / vt. 传播、展开、扩张 e.g. Bad news spread through the whole city quickly. Word spread qu

34、ickly about the accident. On top of the mountain a beautiful view spread before our eyes. Who spread the information all over the school? The bird spread its wings and flew away. The old man spread a piece of white paper on the table and began to write. n. 扩张、范围、宽度 e.g. the wide spread of green fore

35、st, the spread of a bird23. access：n. 接近、进入（场地等）、道路、机会、权力，与to连用。 e.g. We gained access to the house through the trees. Every student has free access to the school library. Thats the only access to the airport. Do you have access to the Internet in your room?24. differ：vi. “不同、相异”，与from / with连用 e.g.

36、 Our opinions differ greatly with / from theirs in these aspects. He differs with / from his brothers in looks. Western customs fifer greatly from / with Chinese / those in China. “持不同意见、有分歧”，常用句式：differ from / with sb. e.g. He always differs from / with his fellow teachers in teaching method. John

37、differs slightly with / from his brother on how to cook fish. different：adj. be different from：与不同 e.g. She is different from her sister in many aspects. He is a different man from what he was ten years ago. difference：n. 常用结构： difference between A and B. e.g. Do you know the difference between Brit

38、ish English and American English? I can hardly tell the difference between the two twin brothers. It makes no / great / little difference whether to do A or do B. e.g. It makes no difference whether you stay here or go home. It wont make any difference to me if you are late for the party. Just come.

39、25. represent：vt. 表现、代表、象征、代理 e.g. The statue represents peasants praying to God. In a foreign country one is always representing ones country. In a map, the symbol “” represents a hill or a mountain. Her opinion represents that of mine. A national flag always represents a nation / country. represen

40、t：还可解释为：说、主张、叙述 e.g. I tried to represent the reasons to him, but he wouldnt listen. He represented himself to be / as a friend of our manager. Ill represent my idea to you in another way. representative：n. 代表，adj.：代表的 e.g. Where is the representative of Jiangsu Province?26. combine：vt. / vi：使结合、联合、

41、化合，常用句式：combine A (with B) e.g. It is impossible to combine the two parties. You should combine work with pleasure. If you combine hydrogen with oxygen, youll get water. The film combines education with recreation. combination：n. 结合体、联合体、化合物 e.g. Water is the combination of hydrogen and oxygen. Our

42、class is the combination of three small ones. We are a strong combination at playing football.27. simplify：vt. 简化、简写 e.g. It took me more than a week to simplify the stories into simple English. Please simplify the passage a little its rather difficult for me. They are only pupils, so please simplif

43、y your explanation. simplified：简化过的e.g. a simplified story：一个简化过的故事； a simplifies edition：简化版 simplification：简化之物、简化形式 e.g. This is only the simplification of that dictionary.28. reflect：vt. 反射、映现、表示、 e.g. Water reflects light. Her face was reflected in the mirror. His words reflected his regret for

44、 what he had done to you. Ones words reflect ones thoughts. vi. 深思熟虑、仔细考虑、反省， reflect on / upon sth. e.g. Please give an hour to reflect on the matter. I reflected on possible reasons for my failure.indicate：vt. 指示、指、表示、显示 e.g. The arrow indicates the way to the park. What he said indicated his igno

45、rance of knowledge. His cough indicated his illness. The black clouds indicated that it might rain These figures indicate that our production has increased. Her smile indicated that she had passed the driving test. indication：指示、征兆、迹象， the indication of. e.g. There is no indication of his recovery f

46、rom the illness. The smile on her face showed indication that she got good marks in the exams. Did he give you any indication of his feelings?Period 3 Welcome to the unitRevision1、Dictate some word spelling2、Test some word study.Lead-in: Questions1、What language do you mainly speak?2、Can you speak a

47、ny other languages? Can you speak a little for us?3、Do you know how many languages there are in the world?4、Do you think that language is the only way people communicate?5、What other method or methods of communication can you think of?Picture-reading1、Now please turn to page 21 and look at the five

48、pictures. Tell me what kind of language each picture uses. (P.1 written language P.2 emoticons P.3 sign language P.4 Braille P.5 animal language)2、Questions: Pic. 1 1) What is your mother tongue / first language? 2) Do you know which language has the largest number of speakers? And which language is

49、 most widely used in the world? 3) Do you like the English language? Why or why not? 4) If you can choose, which language would you like to learn? Why? 5) In English study, which part is most difficult, vocabulary, pronunciation or grammar? Pic. 2 1) What is an emoticon? (A special Internet language

50、) 2) What does this emoticon stand for? (A beaming smile) 3) When do people use this kind of language? (When they are talking on the Internet or sending short messages) 4) Have you ever used this kind of language? 5) Could you give some more examples? Pic. 3 1) What does this sign language mean in b

51、oth Britain and USA? (Good luck) 2. Do you think the same sign means the same to people all over the world? 3) Can you show me some examples and explain them? (OK、money、zero) 4) Who needs to use sign language in their daily lives? 5) Have you ever used sign language? 6) Is it helpful for you to comm

52、unicate with others?Pic. 4 1) What is Braille? (A special language for blind people.) 2) Who invented it? (A Frenchman called Louis Braille) 3) Have you ever heard about him? 4) What did he do for blind people? (He invented a special language for them, so it was named after him.)Pic. 5 1) Why do bee

53、s fly in circles? (To inform their partners about food and danger) 2) Do you believe animals can talk?Language focus1、stand for：代表、表示 e.g. What does 2、 is a way information is transmitted. 在定语从句中，当先行词是way时，定语从句的引导词可用：that 或 in which 或省略不用 e.g. I like the way that / in which he speaks English. Thats

54、the way that / in which we did the experiments.3、share：vt. 分享、合用、分担， share sth. with / between / among sb. e.g. We four students share a bathroom in our dormitory. The three girls shared the cake among themselves. Can I share the umbrella with you, Sir? Why dont we share the cost among us? n. 份额、一份 (+ of / in + n.) e.g. Each has his share in / of the interest / profit. Where is my share of the